tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7890800655040063992024-03-16T03:10:59.257+02:00Waratah RevisitedANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.comBlogger1161125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-29883811127033659552023-10-18T16:02:00.078+02:002023-11-22T12:18:44.969+02:00THE WARATAH EXPERIENCE.<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I started this blog more than a decade ago. It seemed like a good idea to explore one of the greatest South African maritime mysteries and perhaps during the process edge closer to the truth and understanding of a very complex subject. During this time a deep attachment has evolved for the ship and her lost souls. I have compiled 1160 posts and the blog has received regular hits from all over the globe (many hundreds of thousands) for which I am most grateful. </span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">My approach has been to explore the most reasonable 'explanation' for the disaster in terms of circumstantial evidence that we have at hand i.e. the extremely detailed (and controversial) accounts of three senior officers of the tramp steamer Harlow. Joe Conquer was ruled out after comprehensive surveys. The Guelph account has been decimated by Captain Stan Robinson. Most favour the legend and Inquiry whitewash of a 'top heavy' steamer being overwhelmed by a 'storm of exceptional violence' - based entirely on speculation despite 10 other modest steamers surviving the same conditions. In more recent time the theory of a rogue wave has been added to the mix which is possible (but very rare) as this phenomenon does occur off the Wild Coast. But unless the wreck is discovered in deep water within an 8 mile corridor between the Xora and Mbashe, roughly 12 miles offshore, the rogue wave theory is a oneliner in the footnote of research. </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If Waratah foundered off Cape Hermes, as I believe she did, the wreck lies buried in more than 30m of sediment and has probably moved as outlined in my detailed summary post:</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-clock-is-ticking.html</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Despite numerous efforts Emlyn Brown has not found Waratah, nobody has, including my remarkable and tenacious Sea Shadow friends. The mystery endures and perhaps one day in the not too distant future technology will assist us in resolving the numerous mag target hits off Cape Hermes and establish whether any of these represent a debris field of what is left of the great ship, or not. Perhaps she will be discovered in deep water but to a large degree will be like finding a needle in a haystack, not to mention the technologies required to identify the wreck.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span><span style="font-size: large;">I</span><span style="font-size: medium;">n all these many posts there are naturally learning curve errors and plenty of sometimes antagonistic criticism. A critic who did hit the mark was the late maritime expert Captain Stanley Robinson. Stan was someone who put a great deal of effort into the subject of Waratah and conducted meaningful research, documentation and expert analysis. Hi</span></span></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">s contribution to this subject remains unsurpassed and it was in fact, ironically, the great Captain, who despite holding a fundamentally different view point, supplied me with the most intriguing aspect of the mystery referring to Cape Hermes - </span><span>"the mast in the breakers"</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">. It was also Stan who told me that from the perspective of a master mariner and having studied the Harlow officers' accounts in detail, there HAD to have been a steamer astern and which, if not Waratah, was never identified, and which critically defied log record keeping of the time. </span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I have spent many thousands of hours perusing Trove reports (courtesy) and assimilating information, laboriously transcribing these press reports; commenting and above all broadening my understanding of the complexity of the Waratah mystery. This has been an evolutionary process which is clear from the sequential nature of this and my other two blogs, Koombana Revisited and Yongala Revisited. One of the highlights has been exploring the complexity associated with stabilising steamers of that era. Many would have been considered top heavy like Waratah but survived decades in service. Waratah was inherently top heavy, the evidence is prolific, but she could be and WAS stabilised by the final voyage. There are just too many expert witness accounts from reports substantiating that Waratah departed Durban in stable condition.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It is time to move on and it has been a privilege to participate in a subject which has become so ingrained into my consciousness and imagination. I wish those who search for her every success. I mourn those lost with the flagship and sympathise with the desperation of family, friends and descendants. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2EHdoOKWGu3yj499a1BGIjRKANYRb9hNViadIIb5ABOAriHNtKr0rkDaVR1wqvkeGNRsTV7Tvx1QQWSitFjgdgbU6MWTwCpdYTqD_XSxYqsC6u0QVuWjsqlDjfrDUcbCRY56k36hZ324PiUPZq2Hp_hua7SYJVzEgfxUyscyrNGOZ3WlSPemuMQy3rJJy/s640/waratah%20postcard.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="640" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2EHdoOKWGu3yj499a1BGIjRKANYRb9hNViadIIb5ABOAriHNtKr0rkDaVR1wqvkeGNRsTV7Tvx1QQWSitFjgdgbU6MWTwCpdYTqD_XSxYqsC6u0QVuWjsqlDjfrDUcbCRY56k36hZ324PiUPZq2Hp_hua7SYJVzEgfxUyscyrNGOZ3WlSPemuMQy3rJJy/w640-h408/waratah%20postcard.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Captain Stanley Robinson<br />RIP great man.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJTmoUQE6Z_pix0s1j2-k64i11v-DgARSa5OgXlfM0dqSu_sNZ-nk0OX9ZZKlWwmcapBmM28ItgOjPuaPQ23aSK4WlzBqX4MKDbUwyrXDm9SBNlKFtED1xtOOYvmBj5Prkz99yHn3kUzwV9OYrCJxeweC5AVqbLsaoULlE4m8XQXGVqP2dD3Mqfw2Bhwa/s1000/capacity%20plan,%20ss%20waratah.webp" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="1000" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJTmoUQE6Z_pix0s1j2-k64i11v-DgARSa5OgXlfM0dqSu_sNZ-nk0OX9ZZKlWwmcapBmM28ItgOjPuaPQ23aSK4WlzBqX4MKDbUwyrXDm9SBNlKFtED1xtOOYvmBj5Prkz99yHn3kUzwV9OYrCJxeweC5AVqbLsaoULlE4m8XQXGVqP2dD3Mqfw2Bhwa/w640-h270/capacity%20plan,%20ss%20waratah.webp" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Barclay, Curle and Company Ltd.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-16205821805302030672023-07-27T08:23:00.008+02:002023-08-13T21:31:25.098+02:00ANNIVERSARY (114 YEARS).<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">27 July, 1909, Waratah disappeared off the South African coast.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">https://youtube.com/watch?v=JksgoMVQmKM&feature=share8</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Today we remember those lost:</span></p><p><br /></p><p> <span style="color: #666666; font-size: large;">Passenger List:</span></p><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Adamson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Allen and infant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Rose Allen</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Ashe</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Niel Black</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr T. Blackburn</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Bowden and infant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Master Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr E.A. Bradley</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Col. P.J. Browne</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr P.J. Calder</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss M. Campbell</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Dr J.T. Carrick</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr A. Clark</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss P. Connolly</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Connolly</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss L. Cooke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Wm. Coote</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Wm. Cumming</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Dawes and child</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Donaldson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Dunn</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss D. Dunn (7 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss B. Dunn (2 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr J. Ebsworth</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Father Fadle</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr M.J. Govendo</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Govett</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Master Harvey</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Harvey</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs J. Harwood</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss H.G. Hay</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs A. Hay</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Henderson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss M. Hesketh-Jones</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr R.E. Hugo</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr J. Hunter</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Ibbett</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Lascelles</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss K. Lees</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr R. Lowenthal</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs A. Lyon and infant (1)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr J. McCausland</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Miller</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss B. Murphy</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr E.A. Murphy</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr C.B. Nicholson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr P. O'Connor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr E.B. Page</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Page</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Petrie</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Master Petrie</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs A.E. Press</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss D. Schaumann</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss L. Schaumann</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Sillery</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Starke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Starke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr W. Stocken</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Stocken</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Stocken child (5 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Stocken child (2 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr J.G. Stokoe</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Charles Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss M. Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Master C.G Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr J.F.J. Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr G.H. Tickell</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr David Turner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Turner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Turner child (14 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Turner child (12 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Turner child (7 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Turner child (6 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Turner child (3 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss L. Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Wilson (8 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mr Wright</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Mrs Wright</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Miss Young</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">Crew List:</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P.R. Alexander - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W.R. Allen - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Allen - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G.W. Ambrose - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. Barr- carpenter's mate</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Baxter - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Bellringer - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Belshaw - able seaman </span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Benson - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Blake - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">R. Bocker - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P. Bonham - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Brown - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">L. Burgess - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Butcher - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W.M. Campbell - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J.C. Clark - assistant steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Clarke - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">N. Clarke - apprentice</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Comper - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Conn - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Costello - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">T. Coulson - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Cumming - greaser and fireman </span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. Dance - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Dennison - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G. Dixon - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Dorander - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Edwards - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A.R. Francis - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. French - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H.C. Fulford - surgeon</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Georgeson - boatswain</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H.A. Gibbs - apprentice</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">S.E. Gorham - pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">R.A. Hamelton - refrigerating engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Hamilton - junior engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Hammond - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H.W. Harding - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Harding - - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">O.E. Haysom - butcher</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H.F. Hemy - second officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G.W. Hodder - chief engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">T. Humphreys - senior third engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F.T. Hunt - junior engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Hunter - second engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J.E. Ilbery - master</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Immelmann - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">T. Ings - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P. Isaacs - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Jacobson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J.H. Jamieson - senior fourth engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Jewers - officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Jones - second baker</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Kelly - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">K. Lindross - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Lydiard - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Martin - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. McCrone - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">M. McIlver - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. McKierian - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. McPhee - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G. Meek - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P.F. Monaghan - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Monk - fifth engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A.P. Moore - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J.P. Morgan - third officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P. Murray - sculleryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Nelson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">T. Newman - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Nicholls - forecabin steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Owen - chief officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P. Oxford - barman and storekeeper</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">K. Papinean - pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">S. Pearson - donkeyman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A.E. Phillips - baker and confectioner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Poland - assistant butcher</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Rackliff - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Reinsch - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">R. Robinson - ordinary seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W.B. Rogers - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E. Rumbold - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Sach - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Sale - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Samuelson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Sandon - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E.J. Schafer - boatswain's mate and lamp trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">O. Schelier - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. Seiffort - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Shasal - assistant pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J.Shea - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">P. Skailes - purser and chief steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H.G. Smith - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Smith - storekeeper and refrigerating greaser</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Smith - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C.W. Southwell - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E. Stace - boatswain's mate</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">J. Steel - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">B. Steiner - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E. Sterne - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G. Sudbury - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E. Swan - stewardess</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. Tanner - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">H. Taylor - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">S. Templeton - chief cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Thomas - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Thornton - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G. Thruston - fourth officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F. Trott - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">C. Turkle - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Waite - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">R. Walker - carpenter</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">E.J. Walters - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W. Walters - greaser</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">F.M. Wellington - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">W.G. White - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">S. Whitehorn - stewardess</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">A. Woodcock - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">G. Wyborn - general servant</span><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;">https://youtu.be/S1epqEHoVE8</span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="line-height: 18.48px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.48px;"><br /></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-55605482127589579582023-07-20T14:59:00.030+02:002023-07-29T09:19:15.950+02:00A MAST IN THE BREAKERS.<div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_w9Q7DwsJ7-cSY_FxZeEn00hu-bX5WSHFM5h_tysItoKm5-2tkmoNJa_BXEe8OK9OE7rtQpDcczb9youazODqhxRguSzJRAcP8wKGoghpaOVpXNgyhCBkkteY2LnPiteGQdo_BkqS4mOEOttDCSBocZ9ujOu8MHJc6snhBr6F-zmTW5zAIEVdHfjka0Um/s800/mast,%20shipwreck.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="636" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_w9Q7DwsJ7-cSY_FxZeEn00hu-bX5WSHFM5h_tysItoKm5-2tkmoNJa_BXEe8OK9OE7rtQpDcczb9youazODqhxRguSzJRAcP8wKGoghpaOVpXNgyhCBkkteY2LnPiteGQdo_BkqS4mOEOttDCSBocZ9ujOu8MHJc6snhBr6F-zmTW5zAIEVdHfjka0Um/w508-h640/mast,%20shipwreck.jpg" width="508" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Boston Public Library.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">In the early hours of July 27, 1909, the Blue Anchor Line steamer Waratah overhauled tramp steamer Clan MacIntyre off Cape Hermes. She was upright, stable and heading swiftly into the southwest following the South African coastline via the standard outside steamer track some 12 miles offshore. She was on time and displayed no outward signs of problems.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Waratah was last officially seen at a position abreast the Xhora (not Mbashe) River mouth about 9.30 a.m. that morning.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">This blog focuses on the Harlow account which deduced that Waratah came about due to fire onboard, attempting to return to Durban for assistance. Coasting between 1 and 2 miles offshore would have given Captain Ilbery a favourable winter 'counter current' and should the situation have become unmanageable, an option to beach Waratah. </span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I believe that catastrophic coal dust and methane explosions occurred unexpectedly resulting in the total loss of the flagship in close proximity to Cape Hermes lighthouse station and Port St Johns.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Searches have been conducted in recent years with a number of potential magnetometer target signatures followed up. Limited side-scan sonar surveys have observed no anomalies on the seabed suggesting that all artifacts of vessels lost off Port St Johns are buried within the 30m layer of sediment, lost to history.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Could Waratah have been wrecked so close to Port St Johns?</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-clock-is-ticking.html</span></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Evidence?</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Apart from the anecdotal comment made by author Lawrence Green alleging that aircrews periodically observed a large wreck in shallow water near PSJ, we have a period navigation advisory (see below) specifying the mast of a shipwreck visible in the breakers, circa 1927. This shipwreck referred to is no longer visible on the seabed within the broader area and could have been one of a few documented wrecks (listed below). Or perhaps this was a last salute from the shifting remains of Waratah before she subsided into the sands?</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Ships lost off Port St. Johns:</span><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>- Nossa Senhora de Belem 1635 - Portuguese East Indiaman.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Conch 1847- sailing schooner wrecked on the bar.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Alice Smith 1861 - sailing schooner.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Nicholas 1862. No information.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- William Shaw 1873 - sailing schooner wrecked in mouth. </span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Adonis 1882 - sailing schooner / steam wrecked northern bank Umzimvubu.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Alfredia 1887 - twin screw steamer wrecked on the bar.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Sybil 1913 - wrecked on Porpoise Point.</span><br /><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Douglas Dodib 1914. No information.</span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>- On Sang steamer, 1917 - wrecked off Port St Johns in deep water.<br /></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , "trebuchet" , "verdana" , sans-serif">- Frontier I 1926 - wrecked on bar, Umzimvubu (ultimately beached)</span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span><span style="font-size: medium;">- SS Pemba 1926 - southeast of Port St Johns.</span></span></div></div></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span><span style="font-size: medium;">- MV Calarasi 1997 - cargo vessel foundered in deep water off Port St Johns.</span></span></div></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj5Y0goYRdnhiHpxPkCbB9uY4V0zExCszukse1L7gwezT1uojy2iNNjjAQYrcDN3w3nX0UNfoYlLETvYzallZZRcju4H5UDmJX74ojKyYlqBk4pV-JN8M4HLuarNm4XAYQBHL5Fb_R2e6degVy1zjkaVCoa7d6fx9Q_EzOsBweHQThJlyL7Jj1INW1z574/s640/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj5Y0goYRdnhiHpxPkCbB9uY4V0zExCszukse1L7gwezT1uojy2iNNjjAQYrcDN3w3nX0UNfoYlLETvYzallZZRcju4H5UDmJX74ojKyYlqBk4pV-JN8M4HLuarNm4XAYQBHL5Fb_R2e6degVy1zjkaVCoa7d6fx9Q_EzOsBweHQThJlyL7Jj1INW1z574/w640-h480/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A period Navigation Advisory - courtesy Stan Robinson.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">It will take intensive sub-bottom sonar surveying of the broader area surrounding Captain Bruce's coordinates to establish the presence of wreck(s) / debris field(s) and to paint a fuller picture of vessels wrecked in close proximity to Port St Johns.</span></div><div><br /></div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMnEK_JzvPW52RwIeD6CqlqNAtyyepHXI5uBSfMGxFnPDPqdMbjxxdfJbIUoAHIoY9HlKu6gcFcjaZnnCH-U7iC-zXPOX-NCTqQ7FjXRpiC6RknygCx7VeWo5jjRnIj7PgUTct10gRIs1XBo9hXgihxmvxWSoxeDgf4w6ItrolxUmFkCXVqgN05Fvff4A0/s1116/BREAKERS.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMnEK_JzvPW52RwIeD6CqlqNAtyyepHXI5uBSfMGxFnPDPqdMbjxxdfJbIUoAHIoY9HlKu6gcFcjaZnnCH-U7iC-zXPOX-NCTqQ7FjXRpiC6RknygCx7VeWo5jjRnIj7PgUTct10gRIs1XBo9hXgihxmvxWSoxeDgf4w6ItrolxUmFkCXVqgN05Fvff4A0/w640-h358/BREAKERS.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">At this juncture I would like to take the opportunity to thank and acknowledge the remarkable work undertaken by the Sea Shadow team in pursuit of Waratah off Port St. Johns. Note the extent of potential mag targets - geology vs. buried anomalies. Although recent side-scan surveys have presented challenges and not demonstrated anomalies on the seabed, it does not mean that there are none and Sea Shadow might consider a re-survey in the near future.</span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj551x3uyCV0vENpd-2706j0Nueq1sgKZYMP_MFeL9iGENAT1osKLRTiGhF0F-e6P-d0_w01DeMr2xzwC7vY8QdBqIemI2f1az1JNaw6II5dqdZkhvAzjTGVXIPl7-JZIbqnaN-c9oYJHt6Tfo4z6CE8QErMSM0ouVOZaLWrrtbOs5yFmvGXoP9lSZjDhZ4/s4160/POTENTIAL%20MAG%20TARGETS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj551x3uyCV0vENpd-2706j0Nueq1sgKZYMP_MFeL9iGENAT1osKLRTiGhF0F-e6P-d0_w01DeMr2xzwC7vY8QdBqIemI2f1az1JNaw6II5dqdZkhvAzjTGVXIPl7-JZIbqnaN-c9oYJHt6Tfo4z6CE8QErMSM0ouVOZaLWrrtbOs5yFmvGXoP9lSZjDhZ4/w640-h480/POTENTIAL%20MAG%20TARGETS.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Sea Shadow<br />of particular interest, the cluster surrounding Captain Bruce's coordinates</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeW2rCS1hg9rVPoaLxLIsu5Hz3IKO9t85_RTAeupyRcw5l53tx9k0RUXjNZjseU_3O7QxDPP0clv_G_D7wzTBI_4FUzyHKqhLz8XjLlF25CiU1hb0TBZZE2NaSKvvi6iDghj-A0MIL8oQaARtcVlGKFVAxxpFZLKmnGeqgkXEf9QydH_iUHydMxaM9NaFn/s4160/SURVEY%20BLOCK%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeW2rCS1hg9rVPoaLxLIsu5Hz3IKO9t85_RTAeupyRcw5l53tx9k0RUXjNZjseU_3O7QxDPP0clv_G_D7wzTBI_4FUzyHKqhLz8XjLlF25CiU1hb0TBZZE2NaSKvvi6iDghj-A0MIL8oQaARtcVlGKFVAxxpFZLKmnGeqgkXEf9QydH_iUHydMxaM9NaFn/w640-h480/SURVEY%20BLOCK%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Sea Shadow.<br />One of the surveys.<br /><br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><br /><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666; font-size: medium;">courtesy Google Earth.</span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #666666; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-71454019396565471982023-07-12T08:42:00.003+02:002023-09-27T09:52:22.116+02:00IN A NUTSHELL.<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">REPEAT POST.</span></p><p><br /></p><p> <span style="font-size: x-large;">Daily Commercial News, 11 April, 1911.</span></p><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="95" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="746" data-x="1930" data-y="679" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-top: 1em;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">THE WARATAH INQUIRY.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="111" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="640" data-x="1965" data-y="780" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">English Comments.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="274" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="845" data-x="1899" data-y="900" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">A correspondent of 'Lloyd's Weekly</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Summary,' in discussing the finding</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">delivered at the inquiry into the loss</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">of the Waratah — a copy of which </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">appeared in last issue — states: —</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">One of the two recommendations</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">made by the Court which inquired </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>into </span><span>the loss of the Waratah revives a</span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1343" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="845" data-x="1901" data-y="1176" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">question which was discussed on this</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">page some time ago. Mr. Dickinson</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">and his colleagues say: 'It might be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">possible, with the help of a committee </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">of experts, to arrive at some conclusions </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">concerning the minimum stability </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>requirements of different types </span><span>of </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>vessels consistent with safety at </span><span>sea. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">A careful investigation by such</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">a committee, including, as it would</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">necessarily do, examination of stability</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">curves of many vessels in all trades,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">might show the feasibility of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">recommending minimum curves for </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">different types of vessels for general </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">adoption. If so, rules for the stowage of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">cargo for a particular ship could be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">formulated by the builder for the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">guidance of the ship-owner with greater</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">precision than is now possible.' </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">I quote practically the whole of the </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">recommendation in order to show what</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">was in the minds of the Court when</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">they made it. In their finding they</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">state that the Waratah had <span style="color: #444444;">'sufficient</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">stability as laden, and was in proper</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">trim for the voyage she was about to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">undertake,'</span> but they are apparently of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">opinion, on the general question, that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">stability at sea is largely a matter of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">loading.</span> At any rate, they believe that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">if minimum stability requirements</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">consistent with safety, were specified, </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">shipbuilders could frame rules for </span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1143" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="814" data-x="1932" data-y="4486" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">loading which would cure the trouble.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">I fear that the proposal looks much</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">better on paper than it would work out</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">in practice. At a meeting in Glasgow</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">in March, 1909, of the Institution of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">the author of a paper on ships'</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">specifications <span style="color: #444444;">proposed that the minimum </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">metacentric height in the light condition </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">should be specified by ship-owners, and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">that the non-fulfilment of the condition </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">should be regarded as a breach of contract.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">WELL-KNOWN SHIPBUILDER'S</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">VIEWS.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">In a written contribution to the discussion </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">of this paper Dr. John Inglis expressed the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">opinion that the proposals with regard to </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">stability could hardly be reduced to practice. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">'It was not necessary,'</span> he went on to say,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">'that every ship should be upright and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">have her metacentric above the centre</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">of gravity when in the light condition.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Many good and serviceable vessels had</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">been built, and many would yet be built, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">which would not satisfy that made did </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>often </span><span>enough contain incompatible </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>conditions, </span><span>and it would be absurd to add </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>another in </span><span>the shape of metacentric interval </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>which there </span><span>might be no reason to expect </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>could be combined </span><span>with the other requirements </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>of dimensions, </span><span>draught of water, etc.</span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="975" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="825" data-x="1921" data-y="5629" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">. . . The most expert naval architect in existence </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">would hesitate to undertake to fix the position </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>of the </span><span>centre of gravity of a steamer on pain of </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>total rejection </span><span>in case of putting it too low. </span><span><span style="color: #444444;">The </span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>ascertainment of the </span><span>measure of stability was </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>found, and then not without </span><span>difficulty, after the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>vessel was completed</span><span>. </span><span>In the case of </span><span>cargo ships, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>the stability at sea was in the hands of the </span><span>persons </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #444444;">who loaded them.</span></span><span> 'These expressions of opinion </span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">refer, of course, to the light condition. It seems </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>to me, </span><span>however, that the writer of the paper might </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>profitably </span><span>to his discussion of the matter have based </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>something </span><span>on </span><span><span style="color: #444444;">the minimum metacentric height </span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>when a vessel is </span><span>loaded to the disc with a cargo of </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>uniform density filling </span><span>all the available space.</span></span><span> The </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>condition is obviously unlikely </span><span>in most trades. It is, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>nevertheless, a valuable standard of </span><span>comparison, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>inasmuch as the </span><span style="color: #444444;"><span>centre of gravity for </span><span>homogeneous </span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>cargo can be definitely ascertained</span><span>. </span><span>If the </span><span>cargo </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">does not fill all the space, the stability will be more, </span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="2218" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="816" data-x="2746" data-y="303" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">while cargoes of lighter density will leave a margin </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>on the </span><span>load displacement for the use of water ballast.</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">THE ROOT OF THE TROUBLE.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>Still, all this carries us back to the </span><span>point that the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>stability of a ship at </span><span>sea depends on the way in </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>which she </span><span>is loaded.</span></span><span> As I have said, Mr. Dickinson </span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>and his colleagues think that a </span><span>committee of experts </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>might be able </span><span><span style="color: #444444;">to frame rules for loading based on</span></span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">exactly ascertained knowledge regarding </span><span style="color: #444444;">different </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">types of ships. I agree with Dr. </span><span style="color: #444444;">Inglis that the idea </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;">is impracticable,</span><span> </span><span>although my conclusion may seem </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>to be </span><span>somewhat different from his. It is is that, </span><span>as </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>matters stand,<span style="color: #444444;"> </span></span><span style="color: #444444;"><span><span>specifications too often </span></span><span><span>contain </span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #444444;">incompatible conditions,</span></span><span> and it </span><span>would be absurd to </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>add another in the shape </span><span>of metacentric interval which </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>there </span><span>might be no reason to expect could be </span><span>combined </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>with the other requirements. </span><span>'Mine is that the idea is </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>impracticable </span><span>because of the manner in which the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>ordering </span><span>of new vessels is gone about. I do not </span><span>apportion </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>the blame </span><span>for the unhappy state of </span><span>matters which prevails. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>As a </span><span>matter of fact, </span><span>I incline to regard the position of </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>affairs as </span><span>the result of a drift to which all concerned </span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>have been parties. <span style="color: #444444;">Ship-owners are in the </span></span><span style="color: #444444;">habit of stating </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>their requirements in the </span><span>broadest possible fashion, and </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>of accepting the </span><span>lowest tender complying with them, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>without </span><span>regard to the manner in which the compliance is </span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #444444;">made.</span> That, of course, may be exactly what Dr. </span><span>Inglis </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>means. If it is, then the cure for the </span><span>trouble as it appears to </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>him is the same as the </span><span>cure for the trouble as it appears </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>to me. Let the </span><span style="color: #444444;">ship-owner when he is of a mind to build </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>a vessel </span><span>state his requirements to a skilled naval architect </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>who </span><span>is under no obligation to regard the cheapest as the</span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="730" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="820" data-x="2757" data-y="4477" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>best. I hold no brief for the independent naval </span><span>architect, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>but I am reasonably certain that if men </span><span>of the class were </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span>regularly employed to draw </span><span>up specifications, there would </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>be much less talk </span><span>about incompatible conditions</span></span><span><span style="color: #444444;">.</span> There </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>would, moreover, </span><span>be less dubiety about the stability of ships </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>at sea if </span><span>consulting naval architects were employed more </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>frequently, </span><span>for their service to owners would be just as </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>valuable in </span><span>framing rules for the loading of particular ships </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>as it </span><span>is in making designs and drawing up specifications.</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">This is a superb opinion on the Waratah dilemma. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">It all started with the owners deciding what they wanted next for their fleet and how they would go about achieving this.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">"The owners intended her <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Waratah) </span>to be an improved "Geelong," the previous addition to the Blue Anchor fleet, and the specification for the new vessel was based upon the existing specification of the "Geelong." <b>Rough sketches were drawn out by the owners' representatives showing the general arrangement of the ship wanted, and the subdivision of the holds.</b> These sketches were sent to various builders as a guide to quote upon and they were asked to draw out plans on the basis of the sketches. The plans selected as best fulfilling the owners' requirements were from a builder whose tender was not accepted; but these plans were forwarded to Messrs. Barclay. Curle, who built the ship. The plans so sent were two in number"</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Immediately it is apparent that the Lunds failed requirements outlined by the author of the report; NO naval architect consulted and the cheapest tender sought. The cost factor is vividly illustrated in the following post:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #800180; font-size: large;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2016/03/ss-waratah-vs-ss-anchises.html </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #800180; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">General Statement Regarding Loading. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">This draconian position placed the builders between a rock and a hard place. They were obliged to fulfill the Lunds' demands and we </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">know that the Lunds drafted plans which were by any other name a wish list; that three superstructure decks could sit astride a hull based on the two deck predecessor, Geelong, topped by a towering funnel and navigation deck; and of course that the controversial spar deck be equipped to stow coal; cargo; and emigrants if necessary. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">And as if this were not enough that Waratah be more stable than Geelong in light condition. What were the builders to do? Refuse to build such a ship during a ship-building slump, or take a chance and suffer the consequences. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">The builders did not sugar-coat this lading condition:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">I. Ship light with stores and fresh water aboard G.M.=2 1/2 inches.</span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">Clearly the owners were disgruntled with the outcome, a 'breach of the contract' according to the above opinion - a GM of 2.5 inches, 7.5 inches short of the recommended 10 inches. </span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">Numerous combative letters to the builders ensued:</span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">"Clause 5 of the specification contained the following provisions: "Vessel to be able to stand and shift without any ballast, and to be designed, if possible, to go to sea with permanent coal and water ballast only."<br /><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Knowing what we do about Waratah, there was a touch of the ridiculous in all this.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">" The contract for this vessel provides that she is to be able to stand and shift without any ballast, but this our superintendent does not think she will do. Please let us know if you consider it safe to tow this vessel, without ballast, from one berth to another in dock, and if so, will you take the responsibility? </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">"We certainly consider you should take the responsibility of our moving the vessel without ballast, as perhaps you may have done so yourselves, and as you had several opportunities of doing so, please let us know if you did." </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Dr John Inglis disagreed with the Institute and owners' position as follows:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><b>'It was not necessary,'</b> he went on to say, </span><b><span>'that every ship should be upright and </span></b></span><b><span>have her metacentric above the centre </span></b><b><span>of gravity when in the light condition."</span></b></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">In essence he was saying that steamers in light condition were unstable and expected to be such, hence special care taken and ballast procedures followed during loading, trimming and shifting in port. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2020/10/coaling-difficulty.html gives examples of steamers which turned turtle due to lapses in procedures. Barclay Curle and Co gave very explicit instructions about loading Waratah while in such light condition.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">The author of the report cut to the chase, skipping arguments surrounding stability in port, and which had no bearing whatsoever on Waratah, heavily laden, at sea, final voyage:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b style="color: black;">"the minimum metacentric height when a vessel is </b><b style="color: black;"><span>loaded to the disc with a cargo of uniform density filling </span></b><b style="color: black;">all the available space."</b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">In the case of Waratah this minimum value applied to condition III as follows:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large;">"Ship loaded to disc with cargo at 40 cubic feet per ton in holds, and cargo of 80 cubic feet per ton in 'tween deck, all coal including reserve, F.W., stores, crew, and passengers G.M =4 1/2 inches." </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Clearly 4.5 inches was significantly short of the 10 inches recommended, and could only be achieved by filling tanks 5 and 8 and tackling the coal stowage issue higher up in the hull.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The author then made the following comment:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><b>"If the </b></span><b><span>cargo does not fill all the space, the stability will be more, </span></b><b><span>while cargoes of lighter density will leave a margin on the </span></b><b><span>load displacement for the use of water ballast."</span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">II. Light ship, with all coal including reserve, all water, <b>all water ballast</b> except forepeak, and 1,200 tons in bottom of hold G.M.=6 inches</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">This was certainly born out in condition II for Waratah, 6 inches being greater than 4.5 inches, condition III, but had still not achieved the goal of 10 inches!</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The author hones it down to one sentence, which Captain Ilbery had to discover for himself through trial and error and which finally gave the flagship the GM stability she deserved:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span> "<b>stability of a ship at </b></span><b><span>sea depends on the way in which she </span></b><b>is loaded".</b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The author confronted the Inquiry notion suggesting that steamers of the era could be standardized for lading and stability condition:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><b>"to frame rules for loading based on </b></span><b>exactly ascertained knowledge regarding </b></span><span><b>different types of ships. I agree with Dr. </b></span><b>Inglis that the idea is impracticable"</b></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">That was certainly putting the expertise of the Waratah Inquiry in its collective place. Steamers were unique and ideally should have been given stable life on a naval architect's drawing board.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">With regard to Waratah, one gets the impression that the author directed this criticism squarely at the owners and the dilemma in which the builders found themselves:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><b><span style="color: red;">"specifications too often </span></b></span><b><span style="color: red;">contain incompatible conditions"</span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Waratah with her triple deck superstructure plonked onto a hull 'identikit' of her predecessor Geelong, was an exercise in 'incompatible conditions', particularly when the original specifications were fiddled during construction (e.g. broadening the beam). </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Captain Ilbery was far too experienced a master to let this 'incompatibility' conquer him, but compromises had to be made to achieve the goal.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">A further jab at the Lunds:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><b>"Ship-owners are in the </b></span><b><span>habit of stating their requirements in the </span></b><b><span>broadest possible fashion, and of accepting the </span></b><b><span>lowest tender complying with them, without </span></b><b><span>regard to the manner in which the compliance is </span></b><b>made."</b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">...until there are problems and a loss of the vessel, of course...</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The solution to all of this?</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="2218" data-page-id="17249890" data-rotation="-1" data-w="816" data-x="2746" data-y="303" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span>"ship-owner when he is of a mind to build a vessel </span></b><b><span>state his requirements to a skilled naval architect who </span></b><b><span>is under no obligation to regard the cheapest as the </span></b><b>best.</b><span> </span><b>I hold no brief for the independent naval </b><b><span>architect, but I am reasonably certain that if men </span></b><b><span>of the class were regularly employed to draw </span></b><b><span>up specifications, there would be much less talk </span></b><b>about incompatible conditions</b><span>."</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The cobbling together of plans by those not fully equipped and construction characterised by a 'limited' budget was never going to end well..</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">At the end of a long day in the winter of 1909, Waratah and 211 vibrant souls were lost under dubious circumstances. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">The degree to which 'incompatible conditions' played a role remains in the realm of speculation, until the wreck is found and what is left of her examined for clues.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Delving further into the question of stability:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/02/stabilising-waratah.html</span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4xQGPzsj7zL3s-OWH3r81chaxGlnYOBYvIEJfXhHITbtfsjUzSRSSqg27MMWp7gMV8kQr7QFMUyQ8zV0ZYXTH1V1_LsVZTFgr_w9m9sqtbGzCatibbSyiUiEYbUhJb1d6cCNErUCtn1n4rqSCpTenCg-HoG3ss-detwbPzKDkIr3aXPVqxhvXKg0ygs4U/s640/waratah%20at%20adelaide.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="426" data-original-width="640" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4xQGPzsj7zL3s-OWH3r81chaxGlnYOBYvIEJfXhHITbtfsjUzSRSSqg27MMWp7gMV8kQr7QFMUyQ8zV0ZYXTH1V1_LsVZTFgr_w9m9sqtbGzCatibbSyiUiEYbUhJb1d6cCNErUCtn1n4rqSCpTenCg-HoG3ss-detwbPzKDkIr3aXPVqxhvXKg0ygs4U/w640-h426/waratah%20at%20adelaide.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah at Adelaide - courtesy Stan Robinson.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></span></div></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-17380632232791369762023-06-01T09:22:00.020+02:002023-07-29T09:20:09.152+02:00AN INTERESTING PRESS REPORT COVERING THE INQUIRY.<p> </p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTcpa4I0tO33BZ0f2EpezE7nNICQ--7N77m97tRdvEHLUFzdkhS4y1El4VFzzWSUkr5qk9VadaehlPR9nOJ0q-XcZ4uJ3Tv8S26Br2W7HXBabGbaayZN3zAJSuPgbCFtMuzBUOcRQw7mgSX_5oCK4-qG8QW1idlJm64AIalKY8S2oX64xWdzyWoSj6A/s564/Waratah%20in%20light%20condition.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="341" data-original-width="564" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTcpa4I0tO33BZ0f2EpezE7nNICQ--7N77m97tRdvEHLUFzdkhS4y1El4VFzzWSUkr5qk9VadaehlPR9nOJ0q-XcZ4uJ3Tv8S26Br2W7HXBabGbaayZN3zAJSuPgbCFtMuzBUOcRQw7mgSX_5oCK4-qG8QW1idlJm64AIalKY8S2oX64xWdzyWoSj6A/w640-h386/Waratah%20in%20light%20condition.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;">Hamilton Spectator, 9 February, 1911.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">THE WARATAH.</span></span></p><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="65" data-page-id="21984004" data-rotation="-1" data-w="680" data-x="281" data-y="386" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">OPENING OF THE INQUIRY.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="63" data-page-id="21984004" data-rotation="-1" data-w="680" data-x="281" data-y="451" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">THE FACTS REVIEWED.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="114" data-page-id="21984004" data-rotation="-1" data-w="680" data-x="281" data-y="514" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The following concise summary of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the incidents which preceded the loss</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the Waratah is extracted from</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the " Times." It is a condensed re-</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="5512" data-page-id="21984004" data-rotation="-1" data-w="680" data-x="281" data-y="628" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">port of the opening address of Mr.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Laing, K.C. , who appeared for the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Board of Trade, at the official in-</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">quiry held in London.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. Laing, in his opening, desired</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to express on behalf of the Board</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">or Trade their profound regret at the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">great loss of life and their sympathy</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">with the relatives of those who had</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">unfortunately perished.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Waratah was a passenger steamer </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on a voyage from Australia to London, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">via the Cape. She was loaded, carried </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">92 passengers, and a crew of 119. She </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">left Durban on July 26, 1909, at about </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">8 p.m., for Capetown. She was spoken </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">next day, but had not since been heard of.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The case was of the very greatest</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">public importance. The Waratah was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a new vessel, on her second voyage;</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">she was constructed by builders of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">great eminence, and she possessed</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">every certificate of fitness which a</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">vessel could have. She was built under </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">special Lloyd's survey, classed 100 A1; </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">she held a Board of Trade passenger </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">certificate to obtain which surveys of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">both hull and machinery had to be </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">passed. Twice she had gone through </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the very strict survey of the emigration </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">officers. Her disappearance caused </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">great public consternation, and all sorts </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of theories were propounded.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ALLEGATIONS.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Serious allegations were made as to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the state in which the vessel was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">chiefly with regard to her stability</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and other matters. It was said that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the vessel was built from plans </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">supplied by her owners; that there was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">disagreement between the builders and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her owners as to her construction </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that the insurance was very heavy; </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that she had proved to be very top-</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">heavy on her first voyage ; that on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">arrival home after her first voyage</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the master threatened to leave unless </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the boat deck was removed. It was </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">said that the third engineer, Mr. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Chapman, did leave because in his </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">opinion the vessel was top-heavy.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The question also was raised, counsel</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">thought in the House of Commons,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">whether the vessel was properly</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">manned on her second voyage out</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and it was said that she had proved</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to be top-heavy and had behaved in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">an extraordinary manner at sea on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her second voyage. It was also said</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that she was so loaded as to make</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her unstable when she left Durban,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and many other things were said</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and communications appeared in the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">press. Among other suggestions of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">why she was lost it was said that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">possibly her machinery might have</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">broken down and she had drifted</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">away. Instructions were sent to </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">vessels to look out for her, and three</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of his Majesty's ships carried out</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">an organised search. The Australian</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Government took the matter up and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">supplied funds. A special steamer</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">called the Sabine was chartered.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She carried out an organised search</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">between August 1 and December 7,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1909, over 2700 miles, but no trace</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was found; not only no trace of the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah but no wreckage or any</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">thing of that sort. In those </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">circumstances the Board of Trade </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ordered this formal investigation. In</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">view of the gravity of the loss and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the serious allegations which had</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">been made as to the seaworthiness</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the ship it appeared to the Board</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of Trade desirable, both in the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">interest of the public and in the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">interest or the owners that every kind</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of information that it was possible</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to get about the vessel should be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">placed before the court.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">CLAN MACINTYRE'S SIGNALS.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Waratah left Durban about 8</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">p.m. on July 26, 1909.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">At 4 a.m. on the 27th she was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">sighted by the steamer Clan </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Macintyre, which had left Durban </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">earlier the same day. The following </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">signals passed ; — The Clan </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Macintyre first signalled, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"What ship ?" The answer was,</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Waratah for London." The next </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">signal from the Clan Macintyre was, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Clan Macintyre, for London. What </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">weather had you from Australia ?" </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The answer from the Waratah was. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Strong south-westerly and southerly </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">winds across." The Clan Macintyre </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">then said. " Thanks, good-bye, pleasant</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">passage." and the reply came back</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">from the Waratah. " Thanks, same</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to you, good-bye." At 7.11 the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">same morning the Clan Macintyre</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was abeam of Cape Hermes, 13.1 </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">miles distant, steering a S.W. course</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">true. At 9.80 a.m. the Waratah</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which had crossed from the star-</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">board on to the port bow of the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clan Macintyre, was lost in the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">distance, she being ahead about eight</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">or ten miles, and at a place which</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Clan Macintyre people said was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">about abeam of Bashee <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Xora) </span>River </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and about 12 miles outside it. At that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">time to those on the Clan Macintyre</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Waratah appeared to be <b>perfectly</b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">upright and to be in no difficulty,</span></b></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>steaming rapidly.</b> The same day</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">(July 27) the Clan Macintyre. which</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was proceeding on her course </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">experienced a strong south-west gale</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and a high head sea. In the evening </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the wind veered to the north-west, and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">later on to the west, and moderated. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On the next day (28th) those on the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clan Macintyre experienced what they </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">described as a great storm of exceeding </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">violence, of hurricane force, and that </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">storm continued through the 28th, and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">abated on July 29.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A Captain Brendon, master of a</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer said to be called the Talis</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">had said that be had sighted the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah between 5 and 6 p.m. of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">July 250 miles south of Durban,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and 30 miles off the coast. The </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">manager investigated this story, and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">it appeared to have been a <b>hoax</b>, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">because no such ship could be </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">discovered and no such man could be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">found in the records as being a master </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mariner, and the address given at a </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">London hotel was investigated,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and he was found not to be there</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">at all.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The next story which appeared in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">order of date came from a steamer</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">called the Harlow. She was bound</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to Durban. It was alleged by people </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">who were on board of her that at </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">7.30 p.m. of July 27. when they </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were in the neighbourhood of Cape</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Hermes, they saw coming up behind</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">them two masthead lights and the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">red light of a vessel some eight or</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ten miles away. Shortly afterwards</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">two high flares were seen, from 300</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ft. to 1000ft. in height, and (it was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">said) they suddenly shot up in the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">neighbourhood of the St John River.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Bush fires are of common occurrence</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on that coast, and those on board</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Harlow at the time conceived</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">they had seen bush fires, and at </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Durban made no report of the matter;</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and it will probably be found that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">there is not much substance in the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">identification. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">By February, 1911, </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">no effort had been made to investigate </span><span>'substance in the identification'.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-ship-that-disappeared.html</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">THE GUELPH'S SIGNALS.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The next information came from</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the steamship Guelph. She reported</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that at 9.51 p.m. on July 27th she</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was abeam of Hood Point, and a </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">vessel was sighted, apparently a</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">large passenger ship, bearing some</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">five miles away from her and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">signalling to her by the Morse </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lantern. It appeared that the officers</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">did not make out the first signal,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">but clearly read out "t.a.h."</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and if it should be that that vessel</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which was signalling by Morse code</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="3637" data-page-id="21984004" data-rotation="-1" data-w="586" data-x="961" data-y="299" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to the Guelph was the Waratah, then </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">it would be a very important</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">matter to consider. The officer</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">from the Guelph said that the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer he saw was on her proper</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">course for Capetown, and that </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">beyond making her name or part of it</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">by the Morse code she apparently</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">made no signals of distress. It</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">would be noticed that if the Guelph</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">really did see the Waratah at the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">position stated, the Waratah had </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">travelled only about seventy miles since</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">she was lost sight of by the Clan</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Macintyre. As she was a 13-knot</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer it would seem to follow</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that there had been some breakdown</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in the engine room. The court</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">would also bear in mind that if</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">this breakdown had taken place the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clan Macintyre, which was </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following up behind the Waratah,</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ought to have overtaken her and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">seen her, but she did not.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">And should have done so, the unidentified steamer being 13 miles offshore (8 + 5 miles) - both Clan MacIntyre and Waratah following the outer steamer track between 10 and 15 miles offshore (average 12 miles). </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">It could not have been Waratah, as Clan MacIntyre would have sighted her for a second time having been abeam this position at about 5 p.m. 27 July.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">But given the finite nature of the steamer track between Durban and Cape Town, it should have been very easy to establish which ship this had in fact been? </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If one follows the logic through, a large passenger ship should have averaged similar to Waratah, about 13 knots from Durban to East London, a distance of 244 miles = 18.7 hours = departure from Durban, just after 3 a.m., 27 July. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Which carrier would have passenger ships departing at 3 a.m.?? </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Given that it could not have been Waratah nor another large passenger ship, one comes to the only plausible conclusion; Blanchard was mistaken. After all the weather was clear at that time and he would have had 15 minutes to establish the identity of the other ship.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Captain Stan Robinson debunked the Guelph sighting comprehensively:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2021/08/remembering-stan.html</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">There was also evidence from a</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer called the Tottenham that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on August 11, 1909, somewhere off</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">East London they passed what </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">appeared to be bodies in the sea and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">wreckage apparently from some </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">vessel and another steamer, called the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lnsizwa, also sighted bodies, or what</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were thought to be bodies, ten miles</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">off Bashee River. That was the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">whole of the evidence which they</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">could produce with reference to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">what had been seen or heard of the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Bodies and wreckage offshore within a powerful current, by very nature, is transient evidence - a little more than </span>'the whole of the evidence which <span style="color: red;">they</span> could produce'. <span style="color: red;">'They'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> suggesting conspiracy theories?</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2019/04/bodies-or-skates.html</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Waratah was built to a design </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">supplied to the builders by the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">owners <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(and this is where the trouble</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">set in)</span>, and the specification would</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">be laid before the court. She was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a twin-screw vessel of spar deck</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">class, having three decks. The </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">specification provided that the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">vessel was to have a displacement of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">16,800 tons <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(coefficient of fineness</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">0.7) </span>on a mean draught of 29ft. 3in. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">(28.83 ft. final voyage)</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The vessel was to be able</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to stand and shift without ballast, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and to be designed, if possible, to go </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to sea with permanent coal and water </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ballast only, and to have a speed of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">about 13 knots She was taken over </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">from the builders on October 23, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1908. She passed her Board of Trade </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">survey on October 27, 1908. and was </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assigned a load line, the centre of the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">disc being 8ft. 1in. below the spar deck.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She started on her first voyage for</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Australia, via Cape ports, on November</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">6, 1908. She was tested for stability by </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. George Barry, of Barclay, Curle and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Co., and it would appear that her </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">metacentric height was .26 feet, and the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">range of stability 90 degrees.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Although less than the builders' recommended 0.83 ft. for going to sea, patently top heavy in this condition, the range of stability 90 degrees implied that Waratah would recover even if 'pushed over' to 90 degrees. An exaggeration not born out by the stability curve figures.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">HER FIRST VOYAGE.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On her first voyage she had 67</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">cabin passengers and 789 steerage</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">passengers, with a crew of 104 hands,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the approximate weight of cargo</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and coal on that voyage was 8,369</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">tons. </span><span style="font-size: medium;">She drew 27ft. 11in. forward, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>and </span><span>28ft. 4in. aft. </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(mean, 28.1 ft.). </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2023/01/a-rare-period-report-of-cargo-details.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">"Pilot Girling stated that when piloting </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif;">the Waratah outwards to Melbourne in December, 1908 with a draught of 26 ft. aft and 21 ft. 6 in. forward, she was very tender indeed when rounding Schnapper Point."</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">Waratah's mean draught in this instance was <b>23.5 ft</b>., which, after discharging cargo at Adelaide (900 tons) and shipping lead concentrates, about 1,500 tons. Top heaviness in this condition not difficult to understand and draught way off 28.1 ft. as claimed at the Inquiry!!</span></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She made that first voyage to Australia </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in <b>safety</b>, she sailed from Australia on </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her first voyage home in December, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1908, and arrived <b>safely</b> in London on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">March 7, 1909. When she left Adelaide </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on that voyage home they were</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>told she had 8,675 tons </span><span>on </span><span>board, and </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>that she drew 28ft. forward </span><span>and 28ft. 6in. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>aft. When she arrived </span><span>home no adverse </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>reports were made, </span><b>at any rate to the </b></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Board of Trade</b><span>.</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">In the course of this investigation</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Board of Trade had affidavits</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and depositions from quite a number</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of people, and undoubtedly some of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">them stated that she was a vessel</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which behaved in a most extra</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ordinary manner in apparently calm</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">weather; others said that she behaved </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">very well. She again went through </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the hands of the emigration</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">officers and was surveyed in dry</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">dock by Lloyd's surveyor, and on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">April 27, 1909, she sailed again, on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her second voyage from London,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">carrying 8,070 tons on a draught of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27ft. 8in. forward and 27ft, 10in. aft.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/02/stabilising-waratah.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She had, all told. 119 hands, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">including the master, four mates, the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">surgeon, purser, carpenter, boats-</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">wain, boatswain's mate, 18 able</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">seamen, one ordinary seaman, four</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">other seamen, and two boys, making</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a total of 35 deck hands. The master </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and all the officers but one who was </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">promoted returned in the ship, and </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">he thought all the engineers returned </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in her except two who were promoted. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The minimum number of deck hands </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for a vessel with her complement of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">emigrants was 26. Four of the seamen </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were shipped at 1/ a month for the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">purpose of working their passage out,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and four other seamen (he thought)</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">did the same thing, as did one</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">trimmer. Those who worked their</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">passage were competent seamen</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">with the requisite qualifications.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She carried boat accommodation on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her second voyage for 787 statute</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">adults, in addition to an extra boat</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which would hold 29. She had also</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">three Chambers patent life-rafts,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which would carry 105 people, so she</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">she had accommodation for 921 people.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/06/why-were-there-no-survivors.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">THE LAST VOYAGE</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She arrived at Adelaide on June 8, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1909; on June 17 she arrived at </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sydney; and on June 26, reached</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Melbourne. About this outward </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">voyage there were quite a number </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of people who had made affidavits</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and depositions describing the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">conduct and behaviour of this vessel.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On return voyage she arrived at </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Durban on 25 July. The vessel went</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">through the usual overhauling by the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">master and the engineers. Nothing </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was found to be wrong. The manifests</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">would be produced for the cargo </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">shipped at Melbourne, Sydney and</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Adelaide. If the figures and the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">calculations of Mr. Barry, who would</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">be called, were correct, the vessel</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">would appear to be all right.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2020/10/conspiracy-theories.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2020/01/waratah-and-storm-of-exceptional.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/02/sequence-of-events-and-debunking.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/08/stan-man.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">The Inquiry into the loss of Waratah was in my opinion a whitewash, the ultimate objective being to exonerate ship, ship owners and Board of Trade. Fire had been an issue during the maiden voyage and was never fleshed out in terms of adequate coal bunker ventilation and extent of fire insulating materials, the implications of which are outlined as follows:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/03/fire-conundrum-maiden-voyage-1908.html</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">It is easy to pick holes in the Harlow theory, but in the same breath it is essentially a 'convenient' theory that Waratah </span><span style="font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">'was lost in a storm of exceptional violence' a<span style="color: #2b00fe;">nd as for the rogue wave theory, distinctly possible but again, rather convenient and cursory given the complexity of this extraordinary mystery.....</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #800180; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Rn58KxmI5Eg/YBvpAsACLgI/AAAAAAAAMpM/Ao21UCS-MnMzi7eibezWKX7kB6Azdds9gCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/waratah%2Bamazing.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="640" height="408" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Rn58KxmI5Eg/YBvpAsACLgI/AAAAAAAAMpM/Ao21UCS-MnMzi7eibezWKX7kB6Azdds9gCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h408/waratah%2Bamazing.gif" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span>© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-29292906615341292562023-05-17T13:32:00.017+02:002023-07-29T09:20:31.691+02:00'18 HOURS OUT FROM DURBAN.'<p> </p><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">No matter how many times I scrutinise the Harlow witness case in favour of Waratah foundering off Cape Hermes, there is always an additional piece of the puzzle to be explored. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The following press report refers to the incident off Cape Hermes taking place '</span><span style="font-size: medium;">18 hours out from Durban'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">. If this were the case, Harlow averaged a paltry 7.6 knots (with the favour of a counter current, </span><span style="font-size: medium;">'keeping the coast in sight'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">). This figure does not accord with Captain Stan Robinson's research which revealed that Harlow arrived at the Durban breakwater by roughly 10 a.m. 28 July, giving an average speed of 9.5 knots - far more likely for this category of tramp steamer with a favourable counter current in fair weather.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clarence and Richmond Examiner, 14 December, 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain of the British steamer Harlow, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">declares that on the evening of July 27, when</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">about 18 hours out from Durban, he sighted </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a steamer smoking fiercely. She appeared to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the captain of the Harlow to be going much</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">faster than his own vessel, and he could</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">see her red light distinctly and two mast</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">head lights. According to this captain's </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">evidence, the vessel exploded twice</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">half an hour after he had sighted her,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and there was an interval of only a few</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">seconds between the explosions, which</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">threw a flash of about 300ft. the first</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">time and about 1000ft. the second time.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">No signals were shown to him. The </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">captain estimates that at the time of the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">alleged explosions the vessel was only</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">three miles from Cape Hermes, and he</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">considers that the wreck would be in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">about 20 fathoms of water between</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">that cape <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Hermes)</span> and St. John's River.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Captain Bruce:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">"At 5.30 p.m. on the 27th July, 1909, being 14 miles S.W. off Cape Hermes I was on the bridge with the chief officer.... There was a moderate breeze from the south. At 7.30 p.m. Harlow was abreast of Cape Hermes."</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">A quick calculation gives us an average speed of 7 knots approaching Cape Hermes which roughly accords with the 7.6 knots and 18 hours alleged in the report. However, Harlow's chief engineer had this to say:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chief Engineer Harris:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">"On July 27th 1909 the vessel I believe, was about 180 miles from Durban, and at 7.30pm on that day I went out of my cabin on to the after deck. The weather on that day was generally fine and clear, the sea was practically smooth, the vessel was proceeding at full speed ahead, and the coast was kept in sight."</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">'Full speed ahead',</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> quoted by the man in charge of the engine room and whose business it was to know, averaged about 10 knots for this class of tramp steamer. The similarly configured tramp steamer Clan MacIntyre averaged 10 knots (excluding Agulhas Current) earlier in the day. 9.5 knots equated with arriving at the Durban breakwater by 10 a.m. the next day rather than 2 p.m.. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">I believe the 18 hours quoted was an error of memory and caused some confusion regarding distances giving Harris to believe that Cape Hermes was 180 miles from Durban averaging 10 knots </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">'full speed ahead'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">, when in point of fact Cape Hermes is about 137 miles from Durban. An alternative to this is that Harris was quoting the midday (27th) distance from Durban.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">There is no doubt that the incident took place off Cape Hermes as this had the only signal station and flashing light (every 3 seconds) along this extended portion of the South African coast. Position and 137 miles confirmed. For a period of time prior to arriving off Cape Hermes and hauling out and for whatever reasons, Harlow was making only 7 knots. Allowing the faster steamer to catch up out of curiosity? But the clincher is that according to Harris Chief Engineer, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">'the vessel was (<span style="color: #2b00fe;">then</span>) proceeding at full speed ahead'. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Therefore, Harlow transitioned from 7 to 10 knots off Cape Hermes and might only in fact have covered about 2.5 miles by the time the first explosion occurred (about 7.50 p.m.), illustrated on image 3 below. If one employs this rationale we get a distance of about 3 miles from Cape Hermes - '</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">the vessel was only three miles from Cape Hermes'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> referred to was Harlow, NOT Waratah. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Box ticked.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">In fact, the separation distance between the two vessels by the time the first explosion occurred was a mere 1.6 miles. If this were the case there could have been no confusion whatsoever that a large steamer astern was on fire and exploded, foundering off Port St. Johns, as claimed.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman";">There is absolutely no doubt in my mind that Waratah was lost off Cape Hermes / Port St Johns. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGQwKcOjLSGeJYQVIiXh30flzMEGet80wZJzfoc-tBbPYMOaLpQCNmAgkDLmJ9Ab9Fnz9H_5h3QsbjJIdDg5qP8FBbQhc1nJ1glZkQKAlvoIbDBDMcnSl8m7Fah1PPkVn6BMmYVs9Sqb4VDFym_x2Pycy0TFJ8oa1ee9utK8kcIXQdp_t1yyZx8RxGoA/s4160/36%20meters.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGQwKcOjLSGeJYQVIiXh30flzMEGet80wZJzfoc-tBbPYMOaLpQCNmAgkDLmJ9Ab9Fnz9H_5h3QsbjJIdDg5qP8FBbQhc1nJ1glZkQKAlvoIbDBDMcnSl8m7Fah1PPkVn6BMmYVs9Sqb4VDFym_x2Pycy0TFJ8oa1ee9utK8kcIXQdp_t1yyZx8RxGoA/w640-h480/36%20meters.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The 20 fathom, 36.5 m depth range is depicted by this chart, confirming Captain Bruce's coordinates illustrated on the image below.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqV0w82hW7YK2cCORPy5M5EB-PKpMSfgweD_AGecvcWK8FQUxsexJCfSCToh8i-_Jcwsy_hMpmrPBlZwUZhE2_HUXgsi7HpPYUTO2SzvZcYRpqWohpRN83DyeuMvoZcoLB5aD3GBSKeRdYeDEdVFM-_xNp2tFj5JpYEl-iBbyZzVdcI1T_yzdn6ZsW5w/s1116/20%20FATHOMS.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqV0w82hW7YK2cCORPy5M5EB-PKpMSfgweD_AGecvcWK8FQUxsexJCfSCToh8i-_Jcwsy_hMpmrPBlZwUZhE2_HUXgsi7HpPYUTO2SzvZcYRpqWohpRN83DyeuMvoZcoLB5aD3GBSKeRdYeDEdVFM-_xNp2tFj5JpYEl-iBbyZzVdcI1T_yzdn6ZsW5w/w640-h358/20%20FATHOMS.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiLWFciKu1mvNak0fLKwFQbX2c8h4VRkeaIXSubNWKnLsJaFIdvb9Z91VAGftkE_ksTxQm_6EF0mMTj4EiQi2BhmOJtsEw9L4-pWhpjoxrtXYELHjhdAmtT82YH5Z-FAShMX4iQDMQCDfmOHd03kWwYkFux_BxakJSBw16R-ofTAayndvPD10bw-0KxQ/s1116/3%20MILES%20FROM%20CAPE%20HERMES.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiLWFciKu1mvNak0fLKwFQbX2c8h4VRkeaIXSubNWKnLsJaFIdvb9Z91VAGftkE_ksTxQm_6EF0mMTj4EiQi2BhmOJtsEw9L4-pWhpjoxrtXYELHjhdAmtT82YH5Z-FAShMX4iQDMQCDfmOHd03kWwYkFux_BxakJSBw16R-ofTAayndvPD10bw-0KxQ/w640-h358/3%20MILES%20FROM%20CAPE%20HERMES.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As the original press report above suggested, there was no confusion whatsoever that a large, fast steamer showing a red side light and two masthead lights was astern Harlow that tragic night and given that there were/are no records even remotely suggesting some other ship, Waratah was the only candidate meeting her fate under circumstances too horrible for most to accept - then and now.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEnsccjuywlV1oG_g4vaKrhQPueQcLM0bjw8QmL23KZcfCat1rEW6wypSUeBQBi1BDf3JHyRM6ic0vfOaB0lSP9n1yjMnlg7VSoTO4tzPmDanu7UteuYrmgoopSCO6Au3kUXIFME7qM-K7oAKAOIk8PsWbSJFBSfN6bcPfGyN1BvQhI2jXwzGUDyazgw/s4160/anomaly.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /><br /></a></div><br /><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-39818341327085979082023-04-22T10:38:00.018+02:002023-07-29T09:20:54.514+02:00REMEMBERING KOOMBANA, THE BALLA BALLA CYCLONE AND NOW, CYCLONE ILSA.<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">RMS Koombana was a similar late Edwardian combination passenger, cargo steamer, plying the Western Australian coastal trade. She steamed into cyclonic conditions, 20 March, 1912, never to be seen again. My personal opinion is that it is something of a no-brainer where to search for the lost steamer. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2023/01/summary_27.html</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">With respect to finding the wreck I have consistently held the view that the site will approximate an oil patch / slick discovered by Captain Upjohn of the Bullarra, late 2 April, 1912, almost a fortnight after Koombana went missing. Note that an oil slick was used to locate the wreck of the Derbyshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Derbyshire). The exact location of the oil patch was dependent on Captain Upjohn's coordinates which were susceptible to period calculation errors. We have his broader guidance of 27 to 28 n miles northeast of Bedout Island. </span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Wreckage was discovered approximately at the same time, a fortnight later, in various locations (see image below) including an awning spar and one of the planks in close proximity to the oil patch (not marked on image). In order to substantiate a theory that the oil patch marked the location of the wreck it could be postulated that the distribution of wreckage supports a starting point in the broader vicinity of this oil patch - a current, post cyclone, predominating in a generally westward direction.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"> </span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7EY_7McTKNDb5FmjplFI6NBB09jcRtJR7-bbsSDWQ3Qq2QdiqC_HogNCfwoFsfuRYwlZjwaarhKhz2zn5JjjJfUo0og_Lokc0sVGchJ1byHCbT6znk-jhOIFUrGHmmtl15NmVVoWi446t-DZJVx6JK7UVTx1mpqnMVcWeWAbuOOG9BCkpV80tFKKrFg/s640/KOOMBANA%20WRECKAGE.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="640" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7EY_7McTKNDb5FmjplFI6NBB09jcRtJR7-bbsSDWQ3Qq2QdiqC_HogNCfwoFsfuRYwlZjwaarhKhz2zn5JjjJfUo0og_Lokc0sVGchJ1byHCbT6znk-jhOIFUrGHmmtl15NmVVoWi446t-DZJVx6JK7UVTx1mpqnMVcWeWAbuOOG9BCkpV80tFKKrFg/w640-h362/KOOMBANA%20WRECKAGE.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">1. Stateroom door; painting stage; small pieces of board. SS Gorgon </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 10 S, 119 06 E</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">2. Motor launch starboard bow plank (with insignia). SS Bullarra </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 15 S, 119 06 E</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><div style="color: #222222;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">3. Small wreckage; (life) boat tanks; lifebelts; panel from saloon / smoke room ceiling. SS Bullarra</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">(see: </span><a href="https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/11/sufficient-warning.html" style="color: #222222; text-indent: -1em;">https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/11/sufficient-warning.html</a><span style="color: #222222;">) </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 15 S, 119 06 E</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">4. Bottom board from (life) boat; white painted board. Lugger McLennan. </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 22 S, 119 05 E </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">5. (life) boat mast and small wreckage (rising from bottom). SS Una </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 07 S, 118 53 E</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">6. Miscellaneous wreckage. SS Una </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">25 miles NW Bedout Island. </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">7. Miscellaneous wreckage. SS Una.</span><span style="color: #222222;"> </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">28 miles NW Bedout Island.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">(see </span><a href="https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/10/captain-rantzau.html" style="text-indent: -1em;">https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/10/captain-rantzau.html</a>)</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">8. Cabin paneling. Lugger Mina. </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 30 S, 118 55 E</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">9. Smoking room cushion; cabin door. SS Minderoo. </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 36 S, 117 53 E </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">10. Straw envelopes (Leech's fortune). SS Minderoo and SS Gorgon. </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">55 miles NNW Port Hedland.</span><br /><span style="color: blue;">(see: </span><a href="https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/11/sufficient-warning.html" style="text-indent: -1em;">https://koombanarevisited.blogspot.com/2019/11/sufficient-warning.html</a>)</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">11. Bottom boards (lifeboat); drawer; small teak panel. SS Minderoo. </span><br /><span style="color: blue;">19 32 E, 118 09 S</span><br /></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"></span></div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I have taken a closer look at the most recent Cyclone Ilsa which made landfall between Port Hedland and Wallal Downs, a cyclone very similar in size and behaviour to the Balla Balla Cyclone of 1912, albeit north not south of Port Hedland. My intention is to document the daily surface currents in the vicinity of Bedout Island over a period of roughly a fortnight (when wreckage was first discovered, assumed to be rising from the wreck, as absolutely no wreckage was discovered during extensive searches prior to this) and observe whether a generally westward trending current in the vicinity of Bedout Island does in fact follow a direct cyclone hit in the Pilbarra during the late cyclone season of March and April.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">We shall see.....</span></p><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRq5fhGfIsb-lB5htS9h95ugyyA0XzCOPvziiD1rps7G1_TOseLKzooGwkdHPydtQX24D3Uk8k7gEznE0sKA3HrqhC8gVW2VYx1ruRvjyTLXWvPs_jAz6J3dK_0irM37KhnKdafhD0X9picnIxzsGk1jKjKLMDrxgWC5JPt8Xm4gUhkYxH3RcVkuV8sw/s4160/CYCLONE%20ILSA%20PATH.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRq5fhGfIsb-lB5htS9h95ugyyA0XzCOPvziiD1rps7G1_TOseLKzooGwkdHPydtQX24D3Uk8k7gEznE0sKA3HrqhC8gVW2VYx1ruRvjyTLXWvPs_jAz6J3dK_0irM37KhnKdafhD0X9picnIxzsGk1jKjKLMDrxgWC5JPt8Xm4gUhkYxH3RcVkuV8sw/w400-h300/CYCLONE%20ILSA%20PATH.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />Cyclone Ilsa path, north of Port Hedland,<br /><br />Diameter, roughly 100 miles, similar to size of the 1912 Balla Balla cyclone.<br /><br />courtesy The Age<br />https://www.theage.com.au/national/western-australia/cyclone-ilsa-live-updates-wa-coastline-to-be-rocked-by-category-5-cyclone-red-alert-imminent-20230413-p5d06k.html</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1EmBxEV5YUmJfAKRrc45RvP5B6hWdgnGN4k0km1e1OvYMPSHfWu2HdZd9WimU1o6NB63y6YlQBA8TuFwbvVFvXt8QEmKXAgM7YZzGMqta4Wf3bVL2qyMCM5gM9Vz61JtR-O6je8ykBBqVA7n1tQnjXERC6aK6Vt7MvXcQIutYTVRNFavVEHwC3aSvYw/s1116/WORST%20HIT.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1EmBxEV5YUmJfAKRrc45RvP5B6hWdgnGN4k0km1e1OvYMPSHfWu2HdZd9WimU1o6NB63y6YlQBA8TuFwbvVFvXt8QEmKXAgM7YZzGMqta4Wf3bVL2qyMCM5gM9Vz61JtR-O6je8ykBBqVA7n1tQnjXERC6aK6Vt7MvXcQIutYTVRNFavVEHwC3aSvYw/w640-h358/WORST%20HIT.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgmxEDcOJk7yExggSv-gyjA4cCt9nqNEPyH-eXeiOXGfhpKoOhpgzG0-g7u1uqbUBm2qe9oakxYvknw3Ys3X1Xzn6v3wvdC0XC9IKZygzeOF7uwAUEmJArVlxV8KvCSRpfi05iHCqell6SwEuqrLU4Cu1XkuYhp-lsUfZsfNGRVEt9t2pbskSmJDTnTg/s4160/13APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgmxEDcOJk7yExggSv-gyjA4cCt9nqNEPyH-eXeiOXGfhpKoOhpgzG0-g7u1uqbUBm2qe9oakxYvknw3Ys3X1Xzn6v3wvdC0XC9IKZygzeOF7uwAUEmJArVlxV8KvCSRpfi05iHCqell6SwEuqrLU4Cu1XkuYhp-lsUfZsfNGRVEt9t2pbskSmJDTnTg/w640-h480/13APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />13 APRIL - Bedout Island is roughly where the two 'll's' of Wallal Downs appear on the graphic. Note the predominantly westward surface current trend in the broader area. This is prior to cyclone Ilsa moving in.<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><br /><br /><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuvO9Qy6aXx41gTnJwJ4z9ETkH3YVci0ImgXUd3Qvdnj658c67wOMunHNfYbZugXoQkRqNqT_DMfTf1-Wd0rf1vzvi3MwyNE-AY99-n5c1y2OCpTFCePh2WIkSEyIchfCFq9o8yXC3L8GujFyJaM1Wh0rFG-Jdrihori1K4U4mbQLYAUIIWaFwz9GquQ/s4160/SHIPPING%20CLEARED2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuvO9Qy6aXx41gTnJwJ4z9ETkH3YVci0ImgXUd3Qvdnj658c67wOMunHNfYbZugXoQkRqNqT_DMfTf1-Wd0rf1vzvi3MwyNE-AY99-n5c1y2OCpTFCePh2WIkSEyIchfCFq9o8yXC3L8GujFyJaM1Wh0rFG-Jdrihori1K4U4mbQLYAUIIWaFwz9GquQ/w640-h480/SHIPPING%20CLEARED2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />Shipping cleared in path of Cyclone Ilsa (late 13 April)<br /><br />courtesy VesselFinder.<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp69FIHtSiKdpuzNPoIYar7B0YiMPfkAUo8ZRmgjmw3VP1jpeMuVJQStSYoH_A_aW6W4L5h-HTr7PLaxtsVshbdrv7IpyGkzs0z0MDhyd9XDbRCAZRnUPCn7ybn4t6a8Yj7ihNlKrkIDFPFmh2R0rbi1-oARUR_KV2AlV2GeOShqMeVk8aH7zRbJ3ttw/s4160/14APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp69FIHtSiKdpuzNPoIYar7B0YiMPfkAUo8ZRmgjmw3VP1jpeMuVJQStSYoH_A_aW6W4L5h-HTr7PLaxtsVshbdrv7IpyGkzs0z0MDhyd9XDbRCAZRnUPCn7ybn4t6a8Yj7ihNlKrkIDFPFmh2R0rbi1-oARUR_KV2AlV2GeOShqMeVk8aH7zRbJ3ttw/w640-h480/14APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />14 APRIL - as Cyclone Ilsa made landfall between Port Hedland and Wallal Downs, note the distinct changes in the surface currents. Bedout Island experienced a record sustained wind speed of 218 km/hour.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSpqbZMBrObKEPzH3cjCBs8gwTQxfPP4qNVRzH65yUUf9Mbustm8H4kAPHlv_JXsIHsd2RJe23XafEZM6wcgN_YdqLyFwLgcEsm4lvvPurxTavj8lZcwbTUBJbaaxOMJXcN5ACcyLa9nGNaod7ZRzzSXG56gBF-tmoA9SNJws_00pXTMHdhY8K1ftVaA/s4160/15APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSpqbZMBrObKEPzH3cjCBs8gwTQxfPP4qNVRzH65yUUf9Mbustm8H4kAPHlv_JXsIHsd2RJe23XafEZM6wcgN_YdqLyFwLgcEsm4lvvPurxTavj8lZcwbTUBJbaaxOMJXcN5ACcyLa9nGNaod7ZRzzSXG56gBF-tmoA9SNJws_00pXTMHdhY8K1ftVaA/w640-h480/15APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">15 APRIL - <b>1 day</b> <b>post cyclone</b> - a distinctly counter, 'northeastward' trending surface current in the vicinity of Bedout Island.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><br /><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKUld510_DqHJhqe9x85zF_5K1e_KsBII1kmis-hJaXSDqfzaoqH2lERoERz147eeoJyStUScjuWaE43aMQKj33LYliqX_xLanyKo7iA-QgoQbm5rWxzDcJks2lwrORgPoDAbatDsUB8M4r2IRKOLYUQwbSZKlWQdD9e4DUPwngUMz51yzJfEDDM964A/s4160/16APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKUld510_DqHJhqe9x85zF_5K1e_KsBII1kmis-hJaXSDqfzaoqH2lERoERz147eeoJyStUScjuWaE43aMQKj33LYliqX_xLanyKo7iA-QgoQbm5rWxzDcJks2lwrORgPoDAbatDsUB8M4r2IRKOLYUQwbSZKlWQdD9e4DUPwngUMz51yzJfEDDM964A/w640-h480/16APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">16 APRIL - westward current around Bedout Island, 're-established'.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw32hGE__9aSTKGfFdSkwW9pQVcF_IgOJpExrWbTqDMv-jGrtPBhHFSJDxac0-MH9FKTH8AKcgb15D_ir4kC5slckhlcMUYYirxtrN76S8rtyc8RjSyt_bv8gsPOGWMHCza1yUtTm9hpzpwaIZZKpF3BZPaRhK9Phxz6Kb6vJsKIBtrhWu5J5nG0Ls_Q/w640-h480/17APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">17 APRIL - unchanged, westward</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw32hGE__9aSTKGfFdSkwW9pQVcF_IgOJpExrWbTqDMv-jGrtPBhHFSJDxac0-MH9FKTH8AKcgb15D_ir4kC5slckhlcMUYYirxtrN76S8rtyc8RjSyt_bv8gsPOGWMHCza1yUtTm9hpzpwaIZZKpF3BZPaRhK9Phxz6Kb6vJsKIBtrhWu5J5nG0Ls_Q/s4160/17APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhry_5R4tWUWbQLKttceFxvxOJEbCPs9jCCbNM_sb-N_TxANFSSoY2jPAPDgoZDrWL-9U43qbuZvLfDIF6IQf7xi_ERxJB0kq1f-DXfqhbqd7bsaHiCdt_dQFvFCvwu8d7Xn_-d7xoHWb8ezYD_xy9p43wXIPhMmMmu_cVIHFCcFJjDZJfX1JJEta6Jaw/s4160/18APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhry_5R4tWUWbQLKttceFxvxOJEbCPs9jCCbNM_sb-N_TxANFSSoY2jPAPDgoZDrWL-9U43qbuZvLfDIF6IQf7xi_ERxJB0kq1f-DXfqhbqd7bsaHiCdt_dQFvFCvwu8d7Xn_-d7xoHWb8ezYD_xy9p43wXIPhMmMmu_cVIHFCcFJjDZJfX1JJEta6Jaw/w640-h480/18APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">18 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPhd4Jmc2hvCLvT_urrI4nocC1Ab9RjKjV04z6FbwnHBq-DlWicm1AweR4X1Q5R0KXBwjeA36mPNwt9W6SmMoKTZY8DwA0FY12WKa_5IdQLlFx2GqARX2KU4pz9WALXLl88rXgWUp09aL0osyoFuNDYO87P1FEhNCF1Z_C6trejeuRb5JxFNfCP8ZP3w/s4160/19APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPhd4Jmc2hvCLvT_urrI4nocC1Ab9RjKjV04z6FbwnHBq-DlWicm1AweR4X1Q5R0KXBwjeA36mPNwt9W6SmMoKTZY8DwA0FY12WKa_5IdQLlFx2GqARX2KU4pz9WALXLl88rXgWUp09aL0osyoFuNDYO87P1FEhNCF1Z_C6trejeuRb5JxFNfCP8ZP3w/w640-h480/19APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">19 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGk-L5cm0bGEiW8pJWj7zR4l2smm3wa0qyF7LiXFm4se0LGfVwKSYJZC8-TjHooUB4YE93Fbl7chqdMixFQ6OGbEjBg614-wz-FHGRgoL8TI8M7slWXLwTsnLPxmb5amhYHKTmwIflooa4_sCDaM5K3cch2GJfyqcQEgyOurGtTKj-kZlsOcttlpgldg/s4160/20APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGk-L5cm0bGEiW8pJWj7zR4l2smm3wa0qyF7LiXFm4se0LGfVwKSYJZC8-TjHooUB4YE93Fbl7chqdMixFQ6OGbEjBg614-wz-FHGRgoL8TI8M7slWXLwTsnLPxmb5amhYHKTmwIflooa4_sCDaM5K3cch2GJfyqcQEgyOurGtTKj-kZlsOcttlpgldg/w640-h480/20APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">20 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3o4ukJZWXyS732v_1VSaFxWdb715czZlVyzHeimqIFg_FFKVPAWeCdlcGHp5wkPADXTmgp_WVft4M38-5vVCu3plvXPLDkZF8v34BK28T-sLXpt1hgO1pEzQHnlfO51SQG2K9Qf0YB_xxsqP6SYSnMaRn69LEbeoNHI6dCtzGwiU8PIXZrTWj73SzIw/s4160/21APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3o4ukJZWXyS732v_1VSaFxWdb715czZlVyzHeimqIFg_FFKVPAWeCdlcGHp5wkPADXTmgp_WVft4M38-5vVCu3plvXPLDkZF8v34BK28T-sLXpt1hgO1pEzQHnlfO51SQG2K9Qf0YB_xxsqP6SYSnMaRn69LEbeoNHI6dCtzGwiU8PIXZrTWj73SzIw/w640-h480/21APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">21 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyVU6eMZg8nZJnRm01UVo1wkS9JNbdNUhMxLoLKBydMw3E9jzYW8mi6tJ4yy_kaCslAMjSOo1al0MjrZn3jcTxNQf6cHg38vyU6YWswnjbXp4-X0v3XTDz3q5PDO7rePodjH-u9Yp3rJ25DWC0juvx_QXOuDFL1UIBgN-Mr4NbI_fFi2ohQntqMx6bOQ/s4160/22APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyVU6eMZg8nZJnRm01UVo1wkS9JNbdNUhMxLoLKBydMw3E9jzYW8mi6tJ4yy_kaCslAMjSOo1al0MjrZn3jcTxNQf6cHg38vyU6YWswnjbXp4-X0v3XTDz3q5PDO7rePodjH-u9Yp3rJ25DWC0juvx_QXOuDFL1UIBgN-Mr4NbI_fFi2ohQntqMx6bOQ/w640-h480/22APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">22 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb3y4wYCjGg7iaxIsu3PD-G2qJCsnRKHX4cRLfFyicnEH1MuBef6cseE_zyZn9_zQst-l_gaz-1EoDaHYK2Ab1oK9KQMAp9_BzKmZkcTU1ezltKbYY4VuTg2XPZqdxndAy8riGK_Sgs-N_BgA7-fKrP3lLnnZeb8wie8c337jlPtSLSjPo-9lqd1C8uA/s4160/23APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb3y4wYCjGg7iaxIsu3PD-G2qJCsnRKHX4cRLfFyicnEH1MuBef6cseE_zyZn9_zQst-l_gaz-1EoDaHYK2Ab1oK9KQMAp9_BzKmZkcTU1ezltKbYY4VuTg2XPZqdxndAy8riGK_Sgs-N_BgA7-fKrP3lLnnZeb8wie8c337jlPtSLSjPo-9lqd1C8uA/w640-h480/23APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">23 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwMnlqZR1z9rl86BIJYyHwyophMVhaXFORsj6SnLzMZ_YHQ5kacfeguMJAj1IC3r94ET6qrlr9PCDSfxPxuvg1hv0wGb8a9SetGgCt8Yj4jRW0ccWff5UcDJoIIwRVrvfjaXxapidRoAdCyqR1SdrpYRp14CNHVSlNRbZY_X5SGfxPxQxCnXHfDlsxrQ/s4160/24APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwMnlqZR1z9rl86BIJYyHwyophMVhaXFORsj6SnLzMZ_YHQ5kacfeguMJAj1IC3r94ET6qrlr9PCDSfxPxuvg1hv0wGb8a9SetGgCt8Yj4jRW0ccWff5UcDJoIIwRVrvfjaXxapidRoAdCyqR1SdrpYRp14CNHVSlNRbZY_X5SGfxPxQxCnXHfDlsxrQ/w640-h480/24APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">24 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXJfIGOF9nXUy9WvyjizORlqm92f0_KORMaxBUo9aXezyhgSo-XywiyW1TLMf2B-VIeKLhaSG2DvylaU1Tod7V1yCHF2xRWjbAeeGloCUcgeLQCpxdyxYongULmqygPc0Zv3Z9L5w8R_9O8fhU_FCDkYAWJ8JjhkPZMHLYjrKtuk8MH-NL1vRHZ1oPng/s4160/25APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXJfIGOF9nXUy9WvyjizORlqm92f0_KORMaxBUo9aXezyhgSo-XywiyW1TLMf2B-VIeKLhaSG2DvylaU1Tod7V1yCHF2xRWjbAeeGloCUcgeLQCpxdyxYongULmqygPc0Zv3Z9L5w8R_9O8fhU_FCDkYAWJ8JjhkPZMHLYjrKtuk8MH-NL1vRHZ1oPng/w640-h480/25APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">25 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilcnV9bzpbMHuUKNjJaoLya4I58N2g5S0hZRO7PBKRf009aaEs9C7WAon4e-LyJSKb19hIYmJW56KMspBrSx9a4Ewvu7TRlKAzVHGsCb34ZS-WhWt6NPdFLj70qlOE-E_54m2lTAGP6CJjG-tG4MlxpgsImVg9FiRuiz3OGUmI5lEOpzCCrer-z7X1Rg/s4160/26APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilcnV9bzpbMHuUKNjJaoLya4I58N2g5S0hZRO7PBKRf009aaEs9C7WAon4e-LyJSKb19hIYmJW56KMspBrSx9a4Ewvu7TRlKAzVHGsCb34ZS-WhWt6NPdFLj70qlOE-E_54m2lTAGP6CJjG-tG4MlxpgsImVg9FiRuiz3OGUmI5lEOpzCCrer-z7X1Rg/w640-h480/26APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">26 APRIL - still generally westward current, but just 'further out'.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLoZd_ZaDp0xW_iJeizGsc-0HDHG8s0pQxpmnMIwZJ5p-WCDGvqEnUjSM5zXMnEwPKV3jg5jlNI_o-IXenx8Ip5qBavHFkqctqHgJT-NThHo2K_wVoYHE1KA8Ur42LzF0_7lqyleb-dygyMHsygGuNF01YzvZz33vZ14-RP63AkCdF558qHGn-I94zKA/s4160/27APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLoZd_ZaDp0xW_iJeizGsc-0HDHG8s0pQxpmnMIwZJ5p-WCDGvqEnUjSM5zXMnEwPKV3jg5jlNI_o-IXenx8Ip5qBavHFkqctqHgJT-NThHo2K_wVoYHE1KA8Ur42LzF0_7lqyleb-dygyMHsygGuNF01YzvZz33vZ14-RP63AkCdF558qHGn-I94zKA/w640-h480/27APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27 APRIL - as above, same generally westward trend.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaT_WnRugUMMzOOhj0G8VYPVwKpyN7jcIAl8bHL2vV64ayAT5JFA4PCTsreX59oGWbtr5SjNE0t9yCd7HQl7DNlW19AhXr9vGJ8jLgits8oZuYwgtUHV5HBe37zCozt6IFjQmcWWVEBptBRx4HIakrVQdIuI6VnpjVHPMHmXhiCTMQMCtPmTGMfr4M0A/s4160/28APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaT_WnRugUMMzOOhj0G8VYPVwKpyN7jcIAl8bHL2vV64ayAT5JFA4PCTsreX59oGWbtr5SjNE0t9yCd7HQl7DNlW19AhXr9vGJ8jLgits8oZuYwgtUHV5HBe37zCozt6IFjQmcWWVEBptBRx4HIakrVQdIuI6VnpjVHPMHmXhiCTMQMCtPmTGMfr4M0A/w640-h480/28APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">28 APRIL - unchanged.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir_uiNjCaXkFi7HrDQkhiN9cbsZr8_vBbCQ4Mr1ZMD8A2RKsPYUyY7FAxdcM_y6JaeFFvVHxa4899hydYH-pJWiwjH2oH_2-tgRY9TENbPv5MTOjWRatYbSgJ50yBiHBixkyK_VkhzC0E1ih39EFmcnuQVfELvw-z8PQU-c2WTQvHDmakAlO_4wsqFqQ/s4160/29APRIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir_uiNjCaXkFi7HrDQkhiN9cbsZr8_vBbCQ4Mr1ZMD8A2RKsPYUyY7FAxdcM_y6JaeFFvVHxa4899hydYH-pJWiwjH2oH_2-tgRY9TENbPv5MTOjWRatYbSgJ50yBiHBixkyK_VkhzC0E1ih39EFmcnuQVfELvw-z8PQU-c2WTQvHDmakAlO_4wsqFqQ/w640-h480/29APRIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">29 APRIL - unambiguous, westward trending surface current.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">In conclusion it appears that there is a generally westward trending surface current post cyclone that persists for up to a fortnight and which, more importantly, supports a flotsam drift theory with Captain Upjohn's oil patch as the starting point.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><br /></div><div>courtesy:</div><div><br /></div><div>Google Earth</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;">http://www.bom.gov.au/oceanography/forecasts/idyoc300.shtml?region=NWWA&forecast=SSTCur</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-54520127599262824832023-03-10T10:28:00.016+02:002023-07-29T09:21:16.825+02:00PORT ST. JOHNS.<div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIr81naPb6DB5ASua6x_PISSm0zZkcPusAwOizBQjASllq8vMcxgneTSbGIDfemLwFhkkAj-YCD6BeDEaHUTahKPgKFRpDUXvX7uueo9cz1FGfyOzTOfxNcJRxolLJ3aRCND9MIwpoWAO3ipWeCOozXAIBoVmS1_FPGgQxHibrYGQKahO2foFS3LaqWA/s975/birdseye1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="975" height="420" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIr81naPb6DB5ASua6x_PISSm0zZkcPusAwOizBQjASllq8vMcxgneTSbGIDfemLwFhkkAj-YCD6BeDEaHUTahKPgKFRpDUXvX7uueo9cz1FGfyOzTOfxNcJRxolLJ3aRCND9MIwpoWAO3ipWeCOozXAIBoVmS1_FPGgQxHibrYGQKahO2foFS3LaqWA/w640-h420/birdseye1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Period Port St Johns, courtesy and with thanks, www.wildcoast.com</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdOYLGYcsRiAbRxrOEHb3ey5ezzpySFerUlzmdKfsfy35sOfwnmb4jaWQ6vkvkguQr-JQ62xscdaRNBLBoqNvyHPXknjau3HJ9pLKAYMLsOHxY9-9NfRFUxMLLfsjDCB7GZzTLvJ7b2y88bMkOfhgb2MUOu_np1ThWtsXaJmBBMB-FTaQ_NYgpfQrlsQ/s640/HYPOTHETICAL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="640" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdOYLGYcsRiAbRxrOEHb3ey5ezzpySFerUlzmdKfsfy35sOfwnmb4jaWQ6vkvkguQr-JQ62xscdaRNBLBoqNvyHPXknjau3HJ9pLKAYMLsOHxY9-9NfRFUxMLLfsjDCB7GZzTLvJ7b2y88bMkOfhgb2MUOu_np1ThWtsXaJmBBMB-FTaQ_NYgpfQrlsQ/w640-h362/HYPOTHETICAL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Port St Johns and Cape Hermes, early evening, 27 July, 1909.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="76" data-page-id="20556830" data-rotation="-1" data-w="607" data-x="3050" data-y="475" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The Macleay Chronicle, 16 May 1928</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Port St. John's.</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="393" data-page-id="20556830" data-rotation="-1" data-w="854" data-x="3050" data-y="566" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Tucked away as it is in a remote region </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">of the Native Territory of Pondoland, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Port St. John's is reached only</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">by road and sea, and the comparative</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">difficulty of access debars many who</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">would otherwise visit it. Leaving</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Kokstad, the railway terminus in East</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="2121" data-page-id="20556830" data-rotation="-1" data-w="853" data-x="3056" data-y="959" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Griqualand, the journey takes a whole</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">day by motor through the fine scenery</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">of the lonely Native Territory. After</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the dusty highway nothing could be</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">more refreshing than the thought of</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">reaching the coast, where the waters</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">of the Indian Ocean boom unceasingly</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">upon its rocky shores. As though to</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">reward the weary traveller, the winding</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">road descends for the last ten miles</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">through verdant bush with ever recurring </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">views of the mighty 'Gates of St.John's.' </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Between these headlands, hundreds of </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">feet below, the Umzimvubu River passes </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">silently out to sea.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">It is recorded that Vasco de Gama</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">sent a boatswain ashore here with a</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">party in search of water which they</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">were unable to find, for being tidal the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">river is salt for several miles. The</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">boatswain named the spot- 'St. John's</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Bay,' from the likeness to a face which</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">he thought he saw on the edge of the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">cliffs. At a later date it was held by</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the British as an outpost for Pondoland</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">until it was finally taken over by the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Cape Province, who paid the Pondos</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">for about forty-five miles of territory.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">situated on the coast midway between </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Durban and East London, Port St. </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">John's is visited by small coasting</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">vessels which enter the harbor and lie</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">sheltered beneath the overhanging cliffs.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Here the river is about a third of a</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">mile wide and presents an almost lake</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">like appearance. Further up it is</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">navigable for small motor boats for</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">about fourteen miles. Formerly the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">river swarmed with hippopotami and</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">so came to be called the Umzimvubu,</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">a native word meaning 'the home of</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1779" data-page-id="20556830" data-rotation="-1" data-w="863" data-x="3056" data-y="3080" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hippo.' The headlands or 'gates,' as</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">they are called, which rise on either</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">side of the river to eleven and twelve</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hundred feet, respectively, in height</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">are forest clad from waters edge to</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">summit, and in summer are splashed</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">with the vivid colors of flowering tree</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and shrub. Lovely lilies grow at the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">water's edge, and chattering monkeys</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">swing from tree to tree in the bush</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">above.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The village, which lies in a secluded</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">nook at the mouth of the river, is a</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">haven of rest, beautiful in its simplicity</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">It is not an uncommon sight to see a</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">group of Pondoland natives come riding </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">through the streets on their ponies.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">They are tall, handsome men, reserved</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and dignified in bearing. Very picturesque </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">they look in their lightcolored blankets </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">thrown Arab fashion round head and </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">shoulders and falling to their feet.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The road beckoning the motorist up</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the headlands above the village leads to</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the lofty summit from which one looks</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">down upon the crag and forest, harbor,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">river and sea in endless variety of form</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and color. Such a bounteous feast of</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">peace and inspiration is lavished upon</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the traveller that regretfully he bids</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">farewell to Port St John.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: 16px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn1m2fwDFUP8zuCjTUovHQoPJGyplnlRsHQ8GMPhCrmLLaMFY2HY-V-UvDSqovrlMvrzWbN9mPHLXBrILkyvIWCnBsDJUK1d5ubGx3xMA2Wz42HIuXa-0do0RgHO_jtdQgbaqNoHWS48XxoJ0U5NNAPEw9vdoIkvs5Vn2VgD6NqF98gk6WL8SRnlcVjg/s1116/FROM%20THE%20VANTAGE%20OF%20THE%20BRUCE%20COORDINATES.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn1m2fwDFUP8zuCjTUovHQoPJGyplnlRsHQ8GMPhCrmLLaMFY2HY-V-UvDSqovrlMvrzWbN9mPHLXBrILkyvIWCnBsDJUK1d5ubGx3xMA2Wz42HIuXa-0do0RgHO_jtdQgbaqNoHWS48XxoJ0U5NNAPEw9vdoIkvs5Vn2VgD6NqF98gk6WL8SRnlcVjg/w640-h358/FROM%20THE%20VANTAGE%20OF%20THE%20BRUCE%20COORDINATES.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Although the last estimated position of Waratah, according to Captain Bruce, looks relatively close to the mouth of the Umzimvubu River (about 1.6 miles) on Google image above, seen from the vantage of sea level, it is a considerable distance, but one that does not diminish the elevation of the topography surrounding Cape Hermes and Port St Johns.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: 16px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8GqxBkglrwDYAv7oO5rmt3KISLR397CBEiOSROxwfDlSqGgVvQcEVIa9U9alj_1TgG0q1lZfu4ZHqSN0KZw6ZVKrFuvrV9CkCgMSwAtqAilOFmjTd3uGImtQGloXCa6dO4H71AkM_8BsVd_pWfz4Ms-ocLh0FN-ufFvnCYC9xaz5sgKkJl-gFifhKxg/s1116/FROM%20THE%20VANTAGE%20OF%20THE%20HARLOW.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8GqxBkglrwDYAv7oO5rmt3KISLR397CBEiOSROxwfDlSqGgVvQcEVIa9U9alj_1TgG0q1lZfu4ZHqSN0KZw6ZVKrFuvrV9CkCgMSwAtqAilOFmjTd3uGImtQGloXCa6dO4H71AkM_8BsVd_pWfz4Ms-ocLh0FN-ufFvnCYC9xaz5sgKkJl-gFifhKxg/w640-h358/FROM%20THE%20VANTAGE%20OF%20THE%20HARLOW.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">From the vantage of the Harlow, hypothetically about 4 miles ahead of Waratah, Port St. Johns is but a sliver in the distance, compounded by darkness. Even if there were bush fires along the coast, it does seem a stretch of the imagination that Transkei scrub fires could have have produced two distinct broad, fantail flashes of light 300 and 1,000 ft. into the night sky and that such distinct natural phenomena could then have been 'responsible' for the running lights of the steamer astern (two white masthead and red port side lights) disappearing from view, the steamer having being in view for an extended period of time. Furthermore, it must have been challenging for Captain Bruce to estimate the last visible position of Waratah accurately given the absence of reference points apart from the every-three second white flash of the Cape Hermes Light. Finding Waratah was never going to be an easy exercise. </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">courtesy Trove and Google Earth.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-52171587707571500032023-03-08T11:41:00.002+02:002023-07-29T09:22:24.365+02:00COORDINATES CONFUSION.<p>Newcastle Morning Herald, 22 May, 1905. </p><p><br /></p><p>CAPE <span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;">HERMES LIGHT.</span></p><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The Government of Cape Colony has given</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">.notice, dated 25th February, 1905 that the</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">power of Cape Hermes light (white flashing),</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">St. John or Umzimvubu river, which had been</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">temporarily reduced, has been increased to its</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">original strength, vis, 30,000 candles, and</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">consequently it is now visible in clear weather</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">from a distance of 20 miles. Approximate</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">position, lat. 31deg. 38 min. S, long. 29 deg.</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">33 1/2 min. E. The characteristics of the the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">light are given in the Admiralty List of Lights,</div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">part V, 1905, No 24. Notice No 250 of 1905.</div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: 16px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDxe7DnH4x0lBOvtNhmoU7bhfCpKZ-v-_OuvG5sU6Gqyh5YDMVc7EhbMjW4flxNvyY_1wPLV5vMY7CukBRYCl-ZYCIhb0XC4evVS40nWG2XCXjLIJwba6fn_X5KHqhjrMcYNd_K-z2ni3wRt603fOD5ylSOC5rNeoSwZ2Z7_fdcz52JwQhaMthfACWtg/s1116/COORDINATES%20ACCURACY.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1116" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDxe7DnH4x0lBOvtNhmoU7bhfCpKZ-v-_OuvG5sU6Gqyh5YDMVc7EhbMjW4flxNvyY_1wPLV5vMY7CukBRYCl-ZYCIhb0XC4evVS40nWG2XCXjLIJwba6fn_X5KHqhjrMcYNd_K-z2ni3wRt603fOD5ylSOC5rNeoSwZ2Z7_fdcz52JwQhaMthfACWtg/w640-h358/COORDINATES%20ACCURACY.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The coordinates quoted in the period report are 0.32 n miles 'out', which suggests that there could have been a similar deviation error associated with Captain Bruce's given coordinates, which in turn might have made localising the wreck at the time more challenging than anticipated - deploying a drag wire. Furthermore, after perusing many historical wreck case histories, the coordinates given by witnesses were seldom within 2 miles of X marks the spot. Searches have always been challenging.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">courtesy Trove and Google Earth.</div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-76385382956717464422023-02-15T13:43:00.045+02:002023-07-28T08:59:42.370+02:00THE SHIP THAT DISAPPEARED.<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;">It is great to see fresh video material on the subject of Waratah (You Tube) recently. Judging by the extent of comments and interest, the controversial steamer is lost but certainly not forgotten. During the course of this lengthy blog I have presented period reports and analysis in favour of the S.S. Harlow witness account, which alleged a final, fateful sighting of Waratah off Cape Hermes. <br /><br />Most Waratah enthusiasts favour a rogue wave being the cause of the loss, or the storm of 28 July, 1909. I prefer circumstantial evidence and the following repeat summary post explores the extent of detail presented in favour of the Harlow incident. <br /><br />If it was simply a case of mistaken identity and another steamer, observed over an extended period of time, was astern the Harlow late 27 July, given the extent of press coverage surrounding the missing flagship the identity of the 'stranger' should have come to light and being a larger, faster vessel (two masthead lights), should ultimately have overhauled Harlow.<br /></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;">This was never the case.</span></span><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEieV3hh0UI9hZjKxOlgI8NEVORDnInSTfdk6wzF2BtkkwJ3-l9S7P26KJorFF1LT-Qn7-Dq3L8c7cA_ySMM7FZ676sjxa1o6BkjcUrImit8wxm62zaZHGhmz4jd4Q6_HwCR3UaYrCnIoFZq2GlknouJGjoOC_rQ8xa4-LWVi6U5RmHPjoEWBb5s91AImA=s1116" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEieV3hh0UI9hZjKxOlgI8NEVORDnInSTfdk6wzF2BtkkwJ3-l9S7P26KJorFF1LT-Qn7-Dq3L8c7cA_ySMM7FZ676sjxa1o6BkjcUrImit8wxm62zaZHGhmz4jd4Q6_HwCR3UaYrCnIoFZq2GlknouJGjoOC_rQ8xa4-LWVi6U5RmHPjoEWBb5s91AImA=w640-h362" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">7.30 p.m., 27 July, 1909, SS Harlow was on a Northeast by East course 1 to 2.5 miles off the coast, hauling out from Cape Hermes to avoid the Waterfall Bluff formations further up the coast. Weather was </span>'generally fine and clear'<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> (Waxing Gibbous moon generating 63% of full moon light). The tramp steamer averaged 9.5 knots (full speed) to arrive at the Durban breakwater by 10 a.m. the following day. Her captain, John Bruce gave coordinates for the last position of Waratah which incorporated a broader 2 miles abreast the St Johns River (Umzimvubu) - 3 miles just beyond the scope of given coordinates. Alfred Harris (Chief Engineer) referred to Waratah being on Harlow's port quarter which is verified on the image, between 4 and 5 miles astern at 7.30 p.m. The 8 p.m. Harlow position is about 4 miles ahead of the broader coordinates position, which correlates. </span></span><br /></span><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioIaZIm7Bph6DutAIs2WuSymTNyz-OqJ5ckTDdISPjfJvrYrEGXsEp2pCuTKQ6_6AhYg62juIrBlxfK3O3-q7vFtMGakxr96eCOLmfnWVlIjUXCeh3cpRh_kbpcI8mxjOHVaFLeDHvZ3Dv1vE4jnCTcJ-bbRdlkqua6yrZxOedttYGqLd0yHMejuRKjg=s1116" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioIaZIm7Bph6DutAIs2WuSymTNyz-OqJ5ckTDdISPjfJvrYrEGXsEp2pCuTKQ6_6AhYg62juIrBlxfK3O3-q7vFtMGakxr96eCOLmfnWVlIjUXCeh3cpRh_kbpcI8mxjOHVaFLeDHvZ3Dv1vE4jnCTcJ-bbRdlkqua6yrZxOedttYGqLd0yHMejuRKjg=w640-h362" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">'avoiding' Waterfall Bluff, hauling out.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /><br /><br /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLXAxMiwELi9cSYhfS4VWRE9b3WC1Kuqsh85Vnj0OZZMHnciV72vfUv-u3YIvod22NF1pSrS5s7lzYgMmUuhQAZGyld__MrvfSriyp2Evx4ArWXFsbjMf_Li9Uc1Xea685XdCsR2Z_D2uDNLjflM4__EqFlcChhWSI4MXCSNZu0JczK4Xd6w-KMLze0Q/s640/harlow.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="640" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLXAxMiwELi9cSYhfS4VWRE9b3WC1Kuqsh85Vnj0OZZMHnciV72vfUv-u3YIvod22NF1pSrS5s7lzYgMmUuhQAZGyld__MrvfSriyp2Evx4ArWXFsbjMf_Li9Uc1Xea685XdCsR2Z_D2uDNLjflM4__EqFlcChhWSI4MXCSNZu0JczK4Xd6w-KMLze0Q/w640-h408/harlow.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SS Harlow (1903)<br />4,212 tons (later 5,106 tons)<br />370 ft. length<br />375 HP engines, John Dickinson & Sons Ltd, Sunderland<br />owners J & C Harrison Ltd. </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: transparent;"><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></td></tr><tr style="background-color: transparent;"></tr></tbody></table></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-aILMtxdgTkHpgwrUwYDwScWk47KehCWD0wwBGnDiC-35P11rN7XAsSlszeYwS2vdnGNZyo2OC1Z7cZSdoylOYFPyqYW-ZxUtACPV2r4ADDfvTpMbKmTAASjK_Q7VhB7TvAQf02PhI8ogAQDonPyYbZ8mVZHjgKpTdYgxQg_L_BKkbm68NHg0LbZEA/s1116/ANCHORAGE.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-aILMtxdgTkHpgwrUwYDwScWk47KehCWD0wwBGnDiC-35P11rN7XAsSlszeYwS2vdnGNZyo2OC1Z7cZSdoylOYFPyqYW-ZxUtACPV2r4ADDfvTpMbKmTAASjK_Q7VhB7TvAQf02PhI8ogAQDonPyYbZ8mVZHjgKpTdYgxQg_L_BKkbm68NHg0LbZEA/w640-h362/ANCHORAGE.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Waratah, according to Captain Bruce, lay somewhere in this immediate vicinity.<br /></span><br />Quotes:<br /><br />'The captain <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Harlow) </span>cannot understand how they did not see her <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Cape Hermes keepers / Waratah)</span>, for her lights were burning brightly, and above her was a dense volume of smoke.'<br /><br />'From the terrific explosions they were of the opinion that everyone must have been killed instantly.'<br /><br />'I give the position as near as possible:<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><u style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><br /></u><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">'Latitude 31 degrees 38 min South, longitude 29 degrees, 35 min East.' </span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><br style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">'If two launches are sent out and sweep with a wire a mile or two long, they will <b>surely</b> locate her.'</div></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlHiOLrVr9-p3WuIYnoeA92WZhCPtfh-ttgc-beySQnTDjr0HX0gHHCw9dh9x_GAt_XyEVnDXn-kYQi2bHXyBh1rckwJ8f-oCtf2op5o8hjysN8aU_YZWVbMEBwqVSbecAygPDyi01Iu0ERk12ZVJEVu2VUtva0-qHsRzzNYWlhnC5Uhi6AE1q7WorBA/s4160/IMG_20220422_094501.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlHiOLrVr9-p3WuIYnoeA92WZhCPtfh-ttgc-beySQnTDjr0HX0gHHCw9dh9x_GAt_XyEVnDXn-kYQi2bHXyBh1rckwJ8f-oCtf2op5o8hjysN8aU_YZWVbMEBwqVSbecAygPDyi01Iu0ERk12ZVJEVu2VUtva0-qHsRzzNYWlhnC5Uhi6AE1q7WorBA/w640-h480/IMG_20220422_094501.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><span style="font-size: large;">circa 1909 - courtesy Stan Robinson</span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br />18 fathoms approximates Bruce's 20 fathoms and a seabed consisting of mud and clay with potential to 'swallow' a large wreck - <b>'quicksand'</b> properties?<br /><br />Waratah could have disappeared without trace just off Cape Hermes</span> ....<br /></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Quote, Bruce:<br /><br />'She is in about 20 fathoms of water, right off St Johns River, and a diver could easily work there.'</span><br /><br /><div><div style="font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span face="sans-serif"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face="sans-serif"><span style="color: #444444;">"Birch (1981) reports up to </span><b><span style="color: red;">34 m (111 ft.)</span></b><span style="color: #444444;"> of </span></span><span face="sans-serif" style="color: #444444;">sediment across the shelf off the Mzimvubu river."</span></span></div></div><div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: left;"></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #444444;"></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span face="sans-serif" style="color: #444444;">Quicksand forms in saturated loose sand when the sand is suddenly agitated. When water in the sand cannot escape, it creates a liquefied soil that loses strength and cannot support weight. </span><span face="sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">Agitation would have taken the form of marked swells and current forces during winter months or even an earthquake / tremors during the early part of the 20th century.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>'1942 Nov. 1; 06 50 31° 10' 30° 30' <b>5.5</b> magnitude earthquake, Port. Shepstone' </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;">The saturated sediment may appear quite solid until a sudden change in pressure or shock initiates <b>liquefaction</b>. This causes the sand to form a suspension and lose strength. The cushioning of water gives quicksand, and other liquefied sediments, a spongy, fluid-like texture. Objects in liquefied sand sink to the level at which the weight of the object is equal to the weight of the displaced soil/water mix and the submerged object floats due to its buoyancy. </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">In effect Waratah would have vanished into the sediment.</span></div></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Or simply be covered by sand (silt) as in the case of the Grosvenor wreck about 20 miles north of Port St. johns</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span>The Evening News, 15 June, 1939.</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> </span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: large;">'Engineers are thrusting a</span></span></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="258" data-page-id="21926805" data-rotation="-1" data-w="707" data-x="3154" data-y="2256" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">giant dam into the sea on the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">wild Pondoland Coast, about 20</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">miles north, of Port St Johns</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">(Cape Province) in an attempt to</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="2148" data-page-id="21926805" data-rotation="-1" data-w="707" data-x="3154" data-y="2514" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">recover the treasure from the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">wreck of the East Indiaman the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Grosvenor.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">The wreck lies in Grosvenor Bay,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">named after the ship, and is believed</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">to/be covered with about 10 ft, <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(3m)</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">of sand and about 28 ft. <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(8.5m)</span>of </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">water.</span></div></div></div></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;">Lawrence Green, 'Harbours of Memory' - prior to the 1940's:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;">'They tell you the Waratah foundered near Port St. John’s and this is probably true. Air crews have noted a dark mass on the sea-bed which is not marked on the charts.'</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;">Mr. Green suggested that the wreck was visible in shallow water for a period of time after 1909.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7ReeceKM-MyKzC2kLfTPhBKfgz2Qlo16NBkoaMsLxpJ4uRsGcgb4kT28eR9eATs8o9ATCoQFN6KIhbK78VNjZLJsflAxl8zYIxRC8cowMyfMKNxNuyPsVrw2BbhzSsnF2z8zamKs4IPhDY3pCzHvHnMxRSIEC6JOKUX7WZUEPk37u1mEpRWvduuW7g/s640/waratah%20amazing.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="640" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7ReeceKM-MyKzC2kLfTPhBKfgz2Qlo16NBkoaMsLxpJ4uRsGcgb4kT28eR9eATs8o9ATCoQFN6KIhbK78VNjZLJsflAxl8zYIxRC8cowMyfMKNxNuyPsVrw2BbhzSsnF2z8zamKs4IPhDY3pCzHvHnMxRSIEC6JOKUX7WZUEPk37u1mEpRWvduuW7g/w640-h410/waratah%20amazing.gif" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;">TSS Waratah - 10,000 tons 'vanished'....</div></span></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><span><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b><br /></b></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">To complicate the challenge of locating her, the wreck could have 'moved':</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: large;"> </span><div style="background-color: white;"><span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><p style="font-size: large;"><span>....'a large proportion of the medium sized fraction supplied by the Mzimvubu River is being carried across the shelf and lost down the head of the St Johns Canyon. It is suggested that when the Mzimvubu River is in full flood, the strength of the flow is sufficient to transport medium-size material in suspension across the shelf, where some may escape down the St Johns Canyon. The remainder is entrained by the Agulhas current and carried southward.'</span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">SS Virginia:</span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;">'For a ship that sank 80 years ago, the SS </span><em style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Virginia</em><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"> has traveled a fair distance: the oil tanker has moved more than 10 kilometers since it was torpedoed by a German U-boat in 1942.'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The shipwreck, located off the coast of Louisiana, is riding lobes of mud moving over the seafloor. These mudflows occur because the Mississippi River is continuously dumping vast quantities of sediments—more than 550 million metric tons each year—into the Gulf of Mexico, and earthquakes and storms occasionally set some of that material moving en masse.'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Overall it has traveled more than 10 kilometers from where it originally sank, the team estimates. That amount of movement is “surprising in the context of how much force is necessary to move a 500-foot-long [more than 150-meter-long] steel-hulled shipwreck embedded in the seafloor—not just once or twice but perhaps dozens of times,”'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: large; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPYPMPTz_LvMhcGoQNXHRn91hpCxUyzTt0CI8GyAFdSfm03v3IiwLCY-_cOJamZ4rxwSuuDmQBq33dbj0grGpyfZBZn76UmJw1QG7v5vRg6g--KeISoh_FzvHKQJ_dvMMKDxdAgd2lvFlLKmDTxbYrKkZzclf7N278IOgN1VeEHoVw6WFWszAWqPXzyw/s1280/wreck%20of%20virginia.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPYPMPTz_LvMhcGoQNXHRn91hpCxUyzTt0CI8GyAFdSfm03v3IiwLCY-_cOJamZ4rxwSuuDmQBq33dbj0grGpyfZBZn76UmJw1QG7v5vRg6g--KeISoh_FzvHKQJ_dvMMKDxdAgd2lvFlLKmDTxbYrKkZzclf7N278IOgN1VeEHoVw6WFWszAWqPXzyw/w640-h360/wreck%20of%20virginia.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SS Virginia</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><p style="font-size: large;"></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The example of Nailsea Meadow is an intriguing case in point, suggesting a combination of submergence, drift and 'being driven' along the seabed by the forces of the Agulhas Current. She was torpedoed 'abeam' Port St Johns as per log (U-196) records but the wreck lies some 37 miles further down the coast:</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">"12th May 00.02 hours, shot from tube 1V (T3) was a surface runner, goes past ahead to port. After several internal detonations the freighter settles quite suddenly over the forestem. </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">00.04 hours a short time later heavy detonation, high black smoke cloud. Sinks.</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: blue; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: blue; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: red; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> Sinking at 31 42 degrees south</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> 29 48 degrees east.</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> </span></span></span></p><p style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span>Abeam of Port St Johns</span></b><span style="color: #000025;"> ran off on course 070 degrees."</span></span></span></span></p><p style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></p><p style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Even if Captain Eitel Kentrat's coordinates were a 'bit off' there is no reason or evidence to suggest that there was an error of 37 miles. Also visibility was apparently good enough to make out the details of the '</span><span>freighter's</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">' last moments.</span></span></span></span></p><p style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: justify;">Explosion(s) might have resulted in a similar outcome to torpedo damage, with enough water tight compartments intact to ensure that Waratah, like Nailsea Meadow, drifted a significant distance down the coast before settling on the seabed.</span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: large; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxpnYFwtNCpbMZhJx8DRClXItHKqGGQ5Cq_T_2-FNgHyA86wTl3oQ3NS7ZzUsqdLBNnVS2D9pK3-_jcUT0S-w8eezimaSjDZEEnd0vLro9cWsm28c6ZBeJBVwONhIH71C3lwa332oI0V6pkeL1gPU7v0J9U4j5S-IiJgQaM-grg8CZXceQhxsiO7MA2w/s1116/37%20MILES.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxpnYFwtNCpbMZhJx8DRClXItHKqGGQ5Cq_T_2-FNgHyA86wTl3oQ3NS7ZzUsqdLBNnVS2D9pK3-_jcUT0S-w8eezimaSjDZEEnd0vLro9cWsm28c6ZBeJBVwONhIH71C3lwa332oI0V6pkeL1gPU7v0J9U4j5S-IiJgQaM-grg8CZXceQhxsiO7MA2w/w640-h362/37%20MILES.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size: medium;"> </p><p><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Proof Waratah exploded.....</span></p></div></span></div><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202124;">'Firedamp </span><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202124;">is the name given to a number of flammable gases, especially coal methane. ... The gas accumulates in pockets in the coal and the release can trigger explosions.'</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Bituminous coal such as that mined at Elandslaagte and supplied to Waratah (Durban) was a source of both methane and coal dust.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">"I believe the coal supplied at the BMA (Bluff Mechanical Appliance, which in 1910 was pretty much brand new), was high volatility bituminous coal (aka “Black Coal”) from the Natal coalfields around Klip River (nr Ladysmith), and after about 1908 from Elandslaagte area. According to Wikipedia, “<i>…</i></span><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">this type of coal is known for releasing the largest amounts of </span></i><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp&source=gmail&ust=1508847213266000&usg=AFQjCNG4pBDELL7TcGJNFGVFCQxDX7Czfg" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank" title="Firedamp"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #1f497d; text-decoration-line: none;">firedamp</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">, a dangerous mixture of gases that can cause underground explosions. Extraction of bituminous coal demands the highest safety procedures involving attentive gas monitoring, good ventilation and vigilant site management….</span></span></i><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">”. </span><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">My uncle farmed in the Biggarsberg near Elandslaagte (managing a farm for NCP) for many years, and I clearly recall hearing of mine accidents involving explosions of gases on the mines in the area in the 1970s"</span></span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Courtesy Kevin Oram.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Shipping coal through one main chute forward of Waratah's funnel on the boat deck could have created significant coal dust by the time coal settled in hold spaces lowest down within the ship and the process could also have generated heat (friction) ---> fire. This could further have been triggered by 'heated' coal.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Coal bunker fire, maiden voyage, 1908.</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">The Inquiry did not explore how adequately Waratah's coal bunkers were ventilated and if there had been deficiencies these could have contributed to the build up of gases within hold spaces.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span>'Studies have shown that an initial methane explosion within a cylinder, </span><span>such as the cylindrical confines of a ship's hull</span><span>, could be </span><span>followed by a more severe secondary explosion:'</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">'The shock wave pressure can be higher than the original explosion by about <span><b>ten times</b></span>. Furthermore, the pressure wave causes a <b>dispersion of the layered coal dust and forms a cloud of coal which may explode </b>at the presence of an ignition source.'</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">'Studies show that the explosion of methane/coal dust/air mixtures consists of <b>two distinguishable phases.</b> <b><span>The initial methane explosion is followed by the coal dust explosion.'</span></b></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">'In fact, compared with the first explosion, the secondary explosion has a longer distance from the source of the explosion and can further generate <b>high-temperature flames, shock waves and toxic and harmful gases</b> which are more destructive.'</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Captain Bruce came to the conclusion that Waratah's '</span><span>bunkers fired'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> and the ship exploded killing all on board.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Bruce; his Chief Officer Owen and Chief Engineer, Harris witnessed two separate, distinguishable flashes emanating from the location of the ship astern. The first, rose about 300 ft. into the night sky, followed by a greater flash reaching some 1,000 ft.. </span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Given the studies and extracts quoted above (see links below), one can agree that Waratah's</span><span> 'bunkers firing'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> could have caused an initial explosion followed directly by a more powerful, destructive explosion.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Bruce's observations and conclusion are plausible.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Inquiry:</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">"Afterwards he came to the conclusion that </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">they had something to do with the Waratah, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">and that it was that vessel blowing up about </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">three and a half to four miles <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(1.7 miles, ref</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">coordinates declaration) </span>off the mouth </span><span>of the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>St. John </span><span>River. Asked what sort of </span><span>explosion </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>it was, </span><span>witness replied:-</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">"I thought it might be the bunkers or the </span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">boilers. They were broad, fantail flashes." </span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">He admitted that, having regard to the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">position in which the Waratah had been </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">spoken by the Clan McIntyre that morning, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">she must have returned on her course towards </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Durban in order to have been where he saw the</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">flashes."</span></div></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l7mbcYAGBhQ/YZ90eEldVWI/AAAAAAAARSk/2NZm_w9IMW8ENFtOb8ttg61JybF7YDz1gCLcBGAsYHQ/s1200/explosion%2Bat%2Bnight.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l7mbcYAGBhQ/YZ90eEldVWI/AAAAAAAARSk/2NZm_w9IMW8ENFtOb8ttg61JybF7YDz1gCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h426/explosion%2Bat%2Bnight.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";" /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">The Canberra Times, Friday 3 January, 1930</span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc56" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="27" ww="84" x="1800" y="2937"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc56" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="27" ww="84" x="1800" y="2937"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">EXPLOSION AT NIGHT,</span></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc226" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="23" ww="25" x="2483" y="2603"><span style="font-size: medium;">A strange tale of an explosion heard at sea, off Yarmouth, England, on the night of Sunday, July 7, 1929, adds another grim skeleton to Davy Jones' cupboard.</span></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc231" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="67" x="2481" y="2791"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain of the Swedish steamer "Anne Berg" was in the chart room working out his course to pass a lightship, when he was struck motionless. "I heard a tremendous explosion reverberate across the water," he said; "the helmsman shouted to me and I jumped up to the wheelhouse. I was just in time to see a vessel, about four miles away across the port bow, disappear into the sea. She went down at an angle of about sixty degrees, and I saw only the head and foc'sle of the ship. The rest of her had already gone down. We steered at full speed to the spot, reaching it in twenty minutes. </span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc247" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="150" x="2444" y="3395"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc247" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="150" x="2444" y="3395"><span style="font-size: medium;">There was no sign of wreck<span style="line-height: 1.4;">age - not a piece of </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">wood or oil or </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">anything. I reckoned from what </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">helmsman told me, that she was a </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">ship like </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">our own, Swedish, and about </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">3,000 tons. We </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">sent out an SOS and </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">North Foreland wireless </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">station told </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">us a gunboat and a mine sweeper </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">were </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">rushing </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">to the spot. We gave the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">exact </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">position. About midnight, the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">British mine </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">sweeper 'Selkirk' came </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">alongside and hailed </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">us, and we told </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">her by Morse lamp that she </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">was </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">in the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">correct position. We said we had </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">seen </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">nothing, and asked if we might pro</span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">ceed, </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">and the 'Selkirks' commander </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">wirelessed: </span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc254" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="28" ww="73" x="2340" y="3657"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc254" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="28" ww="73" x="2340" y="3657"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;">'Yes, </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">thank you very </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">much.' "</span></span></span></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc265" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="24" ww="67" x="2472" y="4073"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>The gunboat and the mine sweeper </span><span>searched the sea for hours without re</span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">sult.</span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc266" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="149" x="2436" y="4110"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc266" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="149" x="2436" y="4110"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">SS Harlow:</span></span><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">Alfred Ernest Harris (Chief Engineer):</span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">I immediately after coming out of my cabin at 7.30pm aforesaid, I noticed </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">two white lights</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;"> apparently those of a </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">steamer</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">, on the port quarter, and as far as I could judge about </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">4 or 5 miles distant</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">.</span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">When I got to the lower bridge I also saw a red light which in my opinion appeared to belong to the same steamer as the one showing the two white lights. </span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Five or ten minutes later, as far as I can remember, there was a large flare up in the heavens lasting a moment or two. </span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It then died away, and the smoke and lights previously seen had entirely disappeared. </span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I heard no noise of an explosion and no signals of distress rockets were seen. </span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Captain John Bruce:</span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">There was a moderate breeze from the south.</span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Of all the counter arguments to the Harlow theory / case must be the absence of immediately obvious wreckage. Surely an explosion would produce a great deal of wreckage, strewn over the nearby coast?</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Aside from the fact that the currents most likely took wreckage out to sea, there is this fascinating case of the Anne Berg witness account. No wreckage.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Note similar separation distance at night.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The only major difference between the two accounts is the absence of sounds of explosions in the case of the Harlow.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Harlow was about 4 miles ahead of Waratah, which was relatively closer to shore (port quarter). The prevailing moderate breeze blew from the south towards the shore, carrying sounds in that direction away from Harlow 4 miles to the 'northeast'.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Given the distance, prevailing wind and ambient sounds of Harlow machinery, full speed, it is entirely plausible that the sounds of explosions were not heard by the crew.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The Inverse Square Law (the sound at 5 miles would be around 1% of the intensity of the sound at 1/2 mile).'</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If the seat of the explosions was in Waratah's holds, below the water line, the sounds would further have been significantly dampened / muffled.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Daily Mercury, 8 November, 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">How far her coal supply might have generated an explosive gas is a question which experts only could decide upon. In connection with the fire, a naval officer, attached to one of the Cape cruisers, who pricked off the chart the position stated by the captain of the Harlow as that in which he saw what he supposed to be a burning ship, was right in Gordon's Bay, at the mouth of St. John's River. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oFt0KGJc0Q8/YBFqvdz5MjI/AAAAAAAAMgk/dJQf9-UivFsnWSKEONUY841Sh2iNMnGjwCLcBGAsYHQ/s602/ship%2Bdistances.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="288" data-original-width="602" height="306" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oFt0KGJc0Q8/YBFqvdz5MjI/AAAAAAAAMgk/dJQf9-UivFsnWSKEONUY841Sh2iNMnGjwCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h306/ship%2Bdistances.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Global Success is clearly identifiable as a ship at a distance of almost 5 miles.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">If, indeed, Waratah lies in this vicinity it paints a desperately tragic picture of a ship on fire returning to Durban for assistance; a master electing to anchor in the roads off Port St Johns; an assessment to be made of the fire status regarding further action and then, sudden, unexpected explosions rocking the steamer causing it to founder within minutes... </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">....a stone's throw from shore and help and launching lifeboats was a challenge too far in itself:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="sans-serif"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Edward Dischler:</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">"In Sydney it took 13 men with ropes and <span style="text-indent: -1em;">blocks to lift the No. 6 boat off the chocks, </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and then they had to get a steam winch </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">to swing the davits out. </span><b style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #444444;">The davits had </span></b><b style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #444444;">become rusted." </span></b></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><b><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">13 August, 1909, a fortnight after Waratah went missing, Captain Moore of the British steamer Insizwa reported sighting 4 human bodies trending southwestward in the outer steamer track (+/- 10 miles) off the Bashee River mouth. This was what he said to a reporter:</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><b><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>"I have not," he said,' "the</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>slightest doubt that there were</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>bodies of four human beings.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>Two were clad in white, and</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>two in dark cloth. There were</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>birds as far as the eye could</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>see, flying in the same</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>direction. There was no</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>wreckage about. That</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>happened at nine o'clock in</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>the morning."</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span> </span></div></div></div></span></div></div></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Bodies could only have originated from a position to the northeast of the Bashee River mouth and apart from Waratah, there were NO reports of other vessels foundering or going missing along this stretch of coast during this time frame.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">That these bodies did not 'stop' in the midst of a powerful Agulhas Current waiting to be discovered by vessels sent out the next day to investigate, is simply common sense. Sadly, the reported 'pieces of skate or offal' might have in fact been remnants of bodies destroyed by the explosions, or in fact, mutton carcasses from the refrigerating hold.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Furthermore, not one lifebelt or one body wearing a lifebelt was ever discovered, strongly suggesting that the explosions were sudden and unexpected.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Lifebuoys were discovered, which makes sense, given these items would be more readily released from a foundering ship. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Lifebelts were secured in lockers. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">The 'storm of exceptional violence' took place much further down the coast (Algoa Bay) during this time frame and cannot be the cause of the loss of Waratah.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">An overwhelming rogue wave, 12 miles offshore, outer steamer track, after 09h30, 27 July, between the Xora and the Bashee rivers is the only alternative theory that presents the remotest challenge to the sheer volumes of detail that make up the Harlow witness 'incident'.</span></div></div></span></div></span></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">More than two months after Captain Bruce's account appeared in the press (November, 1909) he was obliged to submit a deposition ahead of the official Inquiry - 15 January, 1910, sworn before C.H. Moreton, Commissioner to Administrator Oaths in the Supreme Court of Judicature. By this time and ultimately his Inquiry statement Bruce had become overtly cautious and separation distances increased dramatically; for obvious reasons. </span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">One has an impression he was 'under advisement'.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheNHtiJcWuLkqCDTCecbDRu5KL-sW_MwI2xf-0Y9soRbfZbp9pwgaFmGD55LSCak2nfMo0Gcjj7A88ucXt-jMwg1z2RhwkdiqEXWTmQrg_AUsAheQWYH15YBKBPVMUcoEXKZqYky6dSMdJj3fLvec-1JDFnbHo_dx0Vp4l-hUQEoCSTGVqrwCaoDRtqA/s1116/2%20MILES%20ASTERN.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></a></div></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;">But first let us review the original press report as follows:</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clarence and Richmond Examiner,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Thursday 4 November, 1909.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"The following is a copy of a letter,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which was addressed to Messrs.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Gilchrist, Watt and Sanderson,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sydney agents for the Waratah, by</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. T.C. Miller; formerly of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Newcastle, N.S.W., and no of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Manila and a personal friend of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">some of the persons on board the</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">missing steamer:</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Dear Sirs, Captain Bruce, of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the steamer Harlow, reports the</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following:</span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"On July 27th 7.30 p.m. noticed</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a large steamer, with two masthead</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights and the red sidelight...</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the speed she gained on</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">him he would say she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">travelling at the rate of 13 to 14</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">knots an hour.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">It is important to note that large, passenger steamers showed two masthead lights. Average tramp steamers like the Harlow showed only one.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If the ship astern was not Waratah it should have been easy enough to establish its true identity and schedule.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">This was never achieved.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A tremendous amount of smoke</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was issuing from her and he called</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Chief Engineer's attention to it.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">They came to the conclusion she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on fire, and returning to Durban for</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">While they were watching her, a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">huge flash occurred throwing a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">flame about 300 ft. into the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">air. A few second later, </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">another much larger explosion</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">took place, the flash going</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">fully 1000 ft. into the air.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">When it had cleared, all lights</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the steamer had disappeared.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As there were bush-fires along</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the coast, the Chief Officer was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the opinion that the flames </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were from bush-fires, but they</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">could not understand the </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">disappearance of the steamer's</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The steamer had not signaled</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for help before the explosion,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">though she was then abreast</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of Cape Hermes signal station.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain cannot understand</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">how they did not see her,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for her lights were burning</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">brightly, and above her was a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">dense volume of smoke.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the terrific explosions they</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were of the opinion that everyone</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have been killed instantly.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Harlow arrived in Durban the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following day and remained two</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">days. As there was no report from</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Cape Hermes, and nothing</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">reported missing, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">forgot about the explosions. </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On arrival of the last Australian</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mail at Manila, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">heard of the loss of the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah and on comparing</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">notes and dates, felt sure that the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer was the Waratah.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She left Durban on July 26,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have discovered the fire on</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27th, and was returning for</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance when she blew up. </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I give the position as near as </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">possible:</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Latitude 31 deg. 38 min. south</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Longitude 29 deg. 35 min. east.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Immediately on giving me the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">news I cabled you but so far have</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">received no reply, therefore, I</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">presume, you do not put much</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">faith in it. However, it would</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not be much trouble for the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">launches from H.M.S. ships</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pandora and Forte to </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">run the drag.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If two launches are sent out and sweep with a wire a mile or two long, they will surely locate her."</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">DEPOSITION: CAPTAIN JOHN BRUCE. SS HARLOW (15 January, 1910)</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">At 5.30 p.m. on the 27th July, 1909, being 14 miles S.W. off Cape Hermes I was on the bridge with the chief officer. I saw smoke on the horizon some 14 to 15 miles astern. I took this to be from some fast steamer burning a lot of coal. There was a moderate breeze from the south. The weather was cloudy and a heavy swell from the South. At 7.30 p.m. Harlow was abreast of Cape Hermes. I saw two masthead lights and the red sidelight of the steamer coming up astern. At the time the background was all bush-fires and flares. The steamer showing the lights mentioned was about 9 to 10 miles astern, heading in the same direction as the Harlow, and doing I should judge about 12 to 14 knots. There was nothing to show she was a passenger ship, there being no lights around her decks, and I could not tell whether she was a large ship, her lights being end on. At this time, being dark, I could not see whether she was smoking or not as the smoke from the bush-fires were forming a heavy cloud. At 7.30 p.m. I hauled my vessel out (altered course away from the coast - Northeast by East course, according to Inquiry statement). At 8 p.m. I saw flares 300 to 1,000 feet in quick succession, but whether these were from the steamer or the bush-fires I could not state. At this time the steamer was in Lat. 31-38s Long. 29-35e. about 2 to 3 miles off the St. Johns River abreast of the St. Johns River, but when I looked astern for the steamer's lights I could not see them. The unknown steamer made no signals to the Harlow and the latter did not proceed in her direction. At the time of seeing the flares I asked the chief officer and chief engineer, who on the bridge "what is that?" (flares). The chief officer said "a flare from bush-fires', and the chief engineer said "a fire of some sort". No more was thought about it at the time as any one of the following may have happened. The other steamer may have entered Port St. Johns River which would have obscured the lights, may have been too much ground swell for her to enter the roads, and consequently she would have put her head southward to head the sea until daylight, which would equally have obscured her lights. There may have been an explosion or other occurrences causing the steamer to sink.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizLevXDVXXSrCfjL3qGK285H6EzQVhIoVeGe5b5KcN-z2v7JyoiGPGhbu74W8Dxq-l6UZcdvEGne5h2SAc6NdbdFxDj-bYArWWnJgkgil9gWgz89tk9KmTN5hNiJLGHjMQfBJu2i9_axHKDKm0KFRYZcj9mm6Su4CvOpRafzx99NBiYHEY3LvTOGdFAA/s640/SHOULD%20HAVE%20BEEN%20THIS%20CLOSE.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="640" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizLevXDVXXSrCfjL3qGK285H6EzQVhIoVeGe5b5KcN-z2v7JyoiGPGhbu74W8Dxq-l6UZcdvEGne5h2SAc6NdbdFxDj-bYArWWnJgkgil9gWgz89tk9KmTN5hNiJLGHjMQfBJu2i9_axHKDKm0KFRYZcj9mm6Su4CvOpRafzx99NBiYHEY3LvTOGdFAA/w640-h362/SHOULD%20HAVE%20BEEN%20THIS%20CLOSE.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p style="background-color: white;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Captain Bruce alleged that the steamer was first sighted about 14.5 miles astern, when Harlow was 14 miles from Cape Hermes, 5.30 p.m.. He estimated that it was travelling about 13 knots (12-14). By calculation, the steamer astern should have been only 2.5 miles astern Harlow when the latter was abreast Cape Hermes at 7.30 p.m. and half an hour later when the flashes were seen, less than a mile astern, in which case there could not have been any doubt....</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">....unless Waratah slowed down significantly as she approached Cape Hermes in anticipation of stopping at either of the safe anchorage sites to deal with the fire on board / put crew and passengers into boats. This would more accurately reflect distance observations made by Alfred Harris, chief engineer, in his affidavit (see below). </span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I believe this explains why Bruce gave coordinates which were so close to the mouth of the St Johns River (Umzimvubu) and the 1909 anchorage positions, rather than within the coasting steamer course. Perhaps Captain Bruce assumed that keepers at the lighthouse would have seen and verified the flashes, alerting residents in Port St Johns to send out small boats?</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Putting her head southward' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">at anchorage, would have shown her red side light exclusively.</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #222222; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #222222; font-size: medium;">AFFIDAVIT.</span></p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I, Alfred Ernest Harris, of 120 Whitehall Road Gateshead on Tyne, make on oath and says as follows:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222;">I am the chief engineer of the steamship Harlow of Sunderland owned by Messrs. J&C Harrison of London, and in June 1909, I sailed in her from Newport to Durban. On July 27th 1909 the vessel I believe, was about 180 miles from Durban, and at 7.30pm on that day I went out of my cabin on to the after deck. The weather on that day at that time was </span><b style="color: #222222;">generally fine and clear, the sea was practically smooth</b><span style="color: #222222;">, the vessel was </span><b style="color: #222222;">proceeding at full speed ahead</b><span style="color: #222222;">, and the coast was kept insight. For some time prior to this I had noticed a number of bushfires on the land, and practically they were all along the coast. I immediately after coming out of my cabin at 7.30pm aforesaid, I noticed two white lights apparently those of a steamer, on the port quarter, and as far as I could judge about 4 or 5 miles distant. I went immediately to the lower bridge and asked the master what the lights were, he replied they were the lights of a steamer. When I got to the lower bridge I also saw a red light which in my opinion appeared to belong to the same steamer as the one showing the two white lights. After a time I noticed large volumes of smoke which appeared to be in the vicinity of the lights, and I concluded that the smoke was coming from the steamer, though I could not see the hull of the vessel. There appeared to be a glow amongst the smoke. Five or ten minutes later, as far as I can remember, there was a large flare up in the heavens lasting a moment or two. It then died away, and the smoke and lights previously seen had entirely disappeared. I heard no noise of an explosion and no signals of distress rockets were seen. In talking over, these to me, unusual phenomena with the master and officers of the Harlow, I accepted the explanation which they as practical mariners deemed satisfactory, vis., the lights which I and the master had at first supposed to be those of a steamer were really from a signal station in the vicinity, (I believe Cape Hermes (</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">a distinct flash once every 3 seconds, not continuous)</span><span style="color: #222222;">) and the flare was ascribable to the bushfires a number of which we had passed during the day. This seemed more probable to me owing to the absence of any signals of distress from the supposed steamer. It was not till after arriving at Manila, some forty odd days later, that we learned through the newspapers of the Waratah being missing; and the incidents of the lights and flares recurred to me. I am now of the opinion that the lights seen might have been those of the Waratah. At the time the flare appeared I remarked to the master if that was a steamer she appeared to be on fire. I do not remember him making any reply. The chief officer during the time was, to the best of my memory, on the upper bridge out of earshot, I should say, from were we were standing.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1/1/1910 sworn at Barry in the County of Glenmorgan, before F. Jones a Commissioner to administer</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Oaths in the Supreme Court of Judicature.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">And to complicate matters and the assimilation of all facts, the following was presented at the Inquiry. Surely where there was smoke there was fire. But that was precisely the question.... </span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Inquiry:</span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">One suggestion put forward to account for the vessel's loss, a suggestion based upon the statement of the master of the "Harlow," Captain Albert John Bruce, was that her bunker coal had heated, and she had blown up. Summarized briefly, his statement is as follows:</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">At about 5.30 p.m. on the 27th July, he was to the southward and west of Cape Hermes, proceeding on a N.E. by E. course, at a distance from the coast varying from 1 to 2 1/2 miles. He saw smoke about 25 miles astern, which he took to be from a fast steamer coming up behind him. Later, about 7.15, he saw two masthead lights and a red light, right astern, about 10 or 12 miles away. The lights were at times obscured by the smoke, which was blowing forward. About 7.50 p.m. the master of the "Harlow" went to consult his chart. When he returned a short time after, he saw two quick flashes astern, one of which went about 1,000 feet into the air, and the other about 300 feet. The flashes were narrow at the bottom, widened out as they ascended, and were red in colour. He heard no noise. His own eyes were dazzled with the strong light in the chart-room, and he asked the chief officer, who was on the bridge, where the steamer's lights were. The reply was that they were again obscured by the smoke. No steamer overtook the "Harlow," although, judging by the rapidity with which the following ship had hitherto come up, she should have overhauled the "Harlow." Long after, on hearing of the loss of the "Waratah," Captain Bruce arrived at the conclusion that her bunkers had fired, she had turned back to Durban, the nearest port where the fire could be dealt with, and, when between Cape Hermes and the St. John's River, near the Hole in the Wall, she had blown up. </span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">One is also drawn to the conclusion that keeper(s) posted at Cape Hermes Station were not on duty / otherwise engaged between 7.30 p.m. and 8.00 p.m., 27 July, when the flashes were seen by officers of the S.S. Harlow.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Captain Stan Robinson had this to say about the 'suspicious' Cape Hermes station lookout(s):</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: large;">"The Board of Trade did make inquiries of the lighthouse keeper at the time but he had been transferred and it took three weeks for a reply in the negative. Obviously the light log book was checked for that date and</span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #800180; font-size: large;"> <b>no entries found</b></span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: large;"> and they chose to ask him personally about that night."</span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The question of a 'lookout' at Cape Hermes was briefly tackled during the Inquiry and discussed in a previous post: </span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/02/sequence-of-events-and-debunking.html</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Given all of the above and extraordinary detail one has to wonder why the Inquiry did not pursue Captain Bruce's reasons for not bringing Harlow about and at the very least approach the site of the flashes to gauge the nature of the incident. If one compares with the interrogation of Captain Lord of the Californian and Titanic, it is almost suspicious that the matter was left hanging. </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> </span><span>'T</span></span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">o institute criminal proceedings under section 6 of the Maritime Convention Act.'</span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif">Padfield, Peter. The Titanic and the Californian . Thistle Publishing. Kindle Edition.</span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"> </span></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKogcU8XHu8T4JlmYNO4hJBeEiTSqmIUNL2kA2Lr5ckQnNawBX5LZepmBb7iufxwGhRz_1AYxX9N3xY-ApMES_VixJhCbsB3HBMKdV2d0h0g8fPFFdTV1n6JhaCxYYOvxgH7AfA47nRLtEI5EDezuOQtPRxvQCf2xlXPAg50Vmjbrqj9VtzK9Cg65zGA/s4160/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKogcU8XHu8T4JlmYNO4hJBeEiTSqmIUNL2kA2Lr5ckQnNawBX5LZepmBb7iufxwGhRz_1AYxX9N3xY-ApMES_VixJhCbsB3HBMKdV2d0h0g8fPFFdTV1n6JhaCxYYOvxgH7AfA47nRLtEI5EDezuOQtPRxvQCf2xlXPAg50Vmjbrqj9VtzK9Cg65zGA/w640-h480/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><br /></span></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: medium;"><span></span></span></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVBBAUYsP-RBt-H-b1OViCCI9-GwbMTDbPNQZLWnQlBNnUssYP2ci9s3IbR9R5aUuDxzaScjWPY-RuPHAD5W9-HoURDj3rJ16oli5hPfoOOTVwiRKnNGpw9pFqlfc3YIj0O1LHGonjtwosU4JSvQxRDkXYFfdWV18xi63mHsLEQkNFEGonbDLVy5vu0A/s1116/MAST%20IN%20THE%20BREAKERS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVBBAUYsP-RBt-H-b1OViCCI9-GwbMTDbPNQZLWnQlBNnUssYP2ci9s3IbR9R5aUuDxzaScjWPY-RuPHAD5W9-HoURDj3rJ16oli5hPfoOOTVwiRKnNGpw9pFqlfc3YIj0O1LHGonjtwosU4JSvQxRDkXYFfdWV18xi63mHsLEQkNFEGonbDLVy5vu0A/w640-h362/MAST%20IN%20THE%20BREAKERS.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Prominence of 'breakers' off Cape Hermes.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: medium;"><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></p><p></p><p style="background-color: white;"></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="background-color: white; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNcwt5Q1l3nORD-SD_wUpedEwogWJQn9HhQ9jXyMS2WXhKL6ALXZ8xNpcwKCbPZZ03tumwDWZpe9wCygaskEaPpaLThMwx395qtO2TTJaeBkKY5hyVzjgNhi87nzcyOSOJVbW3zb8asTm-rCPlKOmkY7Kw4CCSMsBtD4B0CfqxhywMHkwl2m6DpnpT2w/s512/ship's%20lights.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="384" data-original-width="512" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNcwt5Q1l3nORD-SD_wUpedEwogWJQn9HhQ9jXyMS2WXhKL6ALXZ8xNpcwKCbPZZ03tumwDWZpe9wCygaskEaPpaLThMwx395qtO2TTJaeBkKY5hyVzjgNhi87nzcyOSOJVbW3zb8asTm-rCPlKOmkY7Kw4CCSMsBtD4B0CfqxhywMHkwl2m6DpnpT2w/w640-h480/ship's%20lights.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Red side-light more readily seen than green beyond 4.5 miles.</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">Boxhall (Titanic) had seen her two masthead lights first. "And then as she got closer she showed her sidelights, her red light."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"To start with he could not see her sidelights at all, but later he saw her red sidelight and judged her to be about 5 miles off, certainly within morsing distance."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"I saw the masthead lights first, the two steaming lights—and then as she drew closer I saw her sidelights through the glasses, and eventually I saw her red light. I had seen the green, but I saw the red most of the time. I saw the red light with my naked eye."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Range of Visibility of Lights: The coloured sidelights are only required to be visible for 2 miles, but are usually visible for a greater distance depending materially on atmospheric conditions; the mast lights are 5 miles, but again will usually be seen further—'</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy: </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Padfield, Peter. The Titanic and the Californian . Thistle Publishing. Kindle Edition.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/historical-shipwreck-keeps-moving-revealing-dangerous-underwater-mudflows/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;">Trove; Google Earth; Inquiry into the loss of Waratah and the late, great, Captain Stan Robinson.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;">Special reference and courtesy:</span></div></div></span></div></div></span></div></div></div></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;"><br /></span><span style="color: black;"></span><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">SEDIMENT DYNAMICS ON THE CONTINENTAL</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">SHELF BETWEEN DURBAN AND PORT ST JOHNS</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">(Southeast African continental margin)</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;"></span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">E.R. HAY</span><br style="color: black;" /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;">http://fishing-app.gpsnauticalcharts.com/i-boating-fishing-web-app/fishing-marine-charts-navigation.html?title=Port+St+John%27s+to+Durban+boating+app#12/-31.6513/29.5894</span></span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><p><br /></p><p>https://www.newcastle.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/382949/Methane-coal-dust-hybrid-fuel-explosion-properties-in-a-large-scale-cylindrical-explosion-chamber.pdf</p><p>https://academic.oup.com/ijlct/article/15/1/89/5640302</p><p>https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10120750_2173</p><p>New York Times, 1880.</p><p>Wikipedia</p><p>Barnett re travel of sound, extract from Paul Lee's Titanic and the Indifferent Stranger.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p></span></span></div></div></div></span></div></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-902344846802324982023-02-03T11:04:00.038+02:002023-07-29T09:42:08.519+02:00HULL STRAIN.<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">A possible reason for the owners' (Lunds) false claim that Waratah was </span><span style="font-size: medium;">'only one third full' </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">could relate to the potentially catastrophic issue of hull strain and failure. It is clear from a previous post that Waratah was heavily laden (89%), final voyage, with 68% of cargo crammed into the hold spaces, sparing 'tween and spar decks for stability reasons. While at Port Adelaide Waratah rested on the bottom alongside the wharf at low tide.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Stan in his Waratah Explained blog remarked:</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Captain Ilbery expressed his concern about his ship to the Marine Board and also to the shipping agent about the state of the river bottom at the berths and the strains that could be put on a ships framing."</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Charles Augustus Johnson (wharf manager</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">at the Outer Harbour) said he new Captain </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Ilbery had a strong objection to his ship</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">touching the bottom alongside the wharf at</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Port Adelaide, for he heard him say to</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the agent just before sailing that he did</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not think it right or fair for a vessel of</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her size and weight to be on the bottom</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">as she was in Port Adelaide."</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">In addition to this described strain, the owners had a skeleton in the closet in the form of a Court case surrounding their steamer Wakool, April, 1902.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">"Plaintiff (</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;">owners</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">) alleged that the vessel (</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;">Wakool</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">)</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">was of weak construction, with the result that when</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">on her voyage home she let in water, which damaged</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">her refrigerating machinery.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">Defendants (</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;">builders</span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">) denied that the vessel was of</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">weak construction. They said that she was </span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">overloaded, and that while in that condition</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">she encountered very severe weather, and</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">was strained....</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">The Blue Anchor Line steamers invariably</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">leave Port Adelaide with full cargoes and</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">passenger space well filled....</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">They said she was<b> overloaded </b>and while </span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">in that condition she encountered very</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">severe weather, and was strained...</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;">Another controversial witness, Claude Sawyer, suggested that Waratah might have sustained hull damage during the following reported incident: </span><span style="text-align: justify;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="text-indent: -1em;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="article-content entry-content" itemprop="articleBody" style="clear: both; line-height: 1.4; margin: 10px auto 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div dir="ltr" style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #333333; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif;"> "</span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">I saw her </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">coming in. and she took an hour and a </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">quarter to get alongside. What I especially </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">noticed was how she bumped the wharf </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">while pushed by the tender. What passed </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">through my mind was that the momentum </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">of 10,000 tons at the rate of a foot a second </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">on a small spot in the middle of the ship </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">was not very nice. Afterwards I heard </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">Captain Ilbery remark that he did not like </span><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;">bumps."</span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-align: left;">As if this were not enough there was a further claim suggesting plates might have been damaged in a strike:</span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc239" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="30" ww="98" x="2357" y="1910"><span style="color: #444444;">Lyons, a steward, said:-" On the second </span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc239" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="30" ww="98" x="2357" y="1910"><span style="color: #444444;">voyage I believe the ship struck a</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: #444444;">submerged rock after leaving Adelaide </span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: #444444;">and loosened the plates underneath."</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #666666; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><br /></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">There has been much debate surrounding Titanic's plates and rivets failing with consensus arriving at the weak link being the rivets. If Waratah had suffered hull strain issues, rivets might also have been a problem. </span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Rivets were made from wrought iron and fitted by hand (bashers) and tested by tapping (ring = healthy; dull sound = problem). Wrought iron was in turn produced by hand, 'puddlers' stirring a molten mixture of iron and slag. This process was prone to variations in quality depending on the skills of the puddler (not an easy job). Some of these rivets contained long stringers of slag (up to 9% in the case of Titanic - three times acceptable levels and one wonders in the case of Waratah). Stringers turned a 90 degree angle at the heads, creating a weak link in ductile strength prone to cracking. As a rivet cools and shrinks in the process of clamping the plates together it is subjected to residual stress, reducing the amount of force required to pop the rivet head. Only a small amount of hull plate deflection (buckling) was required to pop such rivet heads.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">It appears from the reports above that Waratah's hull plates were subjected to deflection forces by the grounding and bumping episodes. These incidents could have resulted in some rivets popping and others harbouring latent damage. There is a very real possibility that Waratah departed Australian waters for the last time with a compromised, heavily laden and strained hull - an accident waiting to happen.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Whether the last straw took the form of fire-heat buckled plates or concussion shocks from coal bunker (boiler) explosions, hull plates could have come apart, rivets failing in quick succession. It would certainly explain why Waratah's masthead lights and red side light disappeared from view so quickly off Cape Hermes.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">For those who believe the flagship succumbed to a rogue wave (if this had been the case, most likely within the 7 - 8 mile corridor between the Xhora and Mbashe river mouths, 12 miles offshore) such forces had potential to cause catastrophic hull failure resulting in Waratah foundering quickly in deep water.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><br /></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdrY9v0pQQEIGawHLbtyMjg-LYD5CnHHM90-GpwWH1CxYcORrYjcicY26wY-yXZP9LhTNmOw-WCMNnEy1zDy4sm57kltvfGCqZukZgc7XPeHSSfzsxMTIwZmxSP0mSos7LibikJK8hbtdDyxbvia0OXPsjgYU0c7azv_Z45tWBl46jpVJ5hdQK1yUDNQ/s1500/rivets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1120" data-original-width="1500" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdrY9v0pQQEIGawHLbtyMjg-LYD5CnHHM90-GpwWH1CxYcORrYjcicY26wY-yXZP9LhTNmOw-WCMNnEy1zDy4sm57kltvfGCqZukZgc7XPeHSSfzsxMTIwZmxSP0mSos7LibikJK8hbtdDyxbvia0OXPsjgYU0c7azv_Z45tWBl46jpVJ5hdQK1yUDNQ/w640-h478/rivets.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span>ref: Dr. McCarty, John Hopkins University.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: left;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc245" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-size: large; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="17" ww="90" x="2328" y="2119"><div style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><br /></div></span></span></div></div></div></div></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-39567795041142477652023-01-23T13:35:00.012+02:002023-07-29T09:42:48.066+02:00INQUIRY INTO THE LOSS OF THE TSS WARATAH.<p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">file:///C:/Users/andre/</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></wbr><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Pictures/lr-faf-tb5-0166-o.</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></wbr><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">pdf. </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">This link is a generous contribution to the public domain. Of note, in the original transcript, are the descriptions in alleged conversations regarding Waratah's behaviour crossing the Indian Ocean, final voyage. In effect, apart from the 'peculiar' waves, these were the descriptions of a heavy steamer with hints at reduced reserve buoyancy. Also of note, is the highly illuminating report by Pilot McDiarmid (which I have reproduced below). He was an expert who summed up Waratah for what she was; inherently top heavy (on arrival at Adelaide) but once ballasted and fully loaded as per transcript, transformed into a stable upright steamer with a </span><span style="font-size: medium;">'heavy draught'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">. This is in turn made her somewhat difficult to handle (</span><span style="font-size: medium;">'slow to answer the helm'<span style="color: #2b00fe;">) which would have had implications in a storm, if Waratah had ever got that far south along the South African coast - which I strongly believe she did not!</span></span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">John McDiarmid.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">Licensed Pilot</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">Holds a master's certificate, and has had 30 years' experience at sea.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">I was pilot to the "Waratah" inwards and outwards on her last voyage. Inwards. took charge of her 2 miles to the southward of the Port Adelaide Lighthouse and berthed her at the Ocean Steamers Wharf, Port Adelaide. She had the assistance of a tug which was placed right ahead all the way to assist at the bends in the river. Her draught, as recorded by me after berthing, was 25 feet 8 inches forward and 26 feet 4 inches aft. Pilotage is paid for on tonnage and not on draught. We steamed in slowly. Had no difficulty in steering the ship or otherwise.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">She had a slight list to port when I boarded her, but it was very little. No remarks were made about it or anything else, except the business we had in hand. She was not down to her marks or anywhere near it when I boarded her. When going round the bends she had a tendency to list when the tug got a strain broad on the bows. caused by the action of the helm and tug combined. I would not expect this in a ship that was nearly loaded as this one was. It might be ascribed to several reasons, the principal one being that Port Adelaide being the last port and taking the heaviest cargo (flour, grain, &.) space would be left to take that cargo as low as possible. Another reason might be the starting of pumping out water prior to taking in that cargo, and a third reason might be that she was naturally a somewhat tender <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">top heavy)</span> ship. I had had charge of the vessel before and remarked this latter to the captain on the previous voyage. Do not remember what he said, but am under the impression that he agreed with me. What caused the remark was, when negotiating the turn in the cutting at Snapper Point coming up the river she rolled from side to side without any apparent cause I knew of none.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">I boarded the vessel again as pilot to take her out of the port down to the outer harbour on the afternoon of 6th July, 1909. Had the tug "Wato" in attendance to help us off the wharf down the river and alongside the Outer Harbour Wharf. I turned the vessel on her inward trip so that she was heading down stream ready for departure. When starting the tug plucked her off from the bows to get away from the wharf and then went ahead. The ship was heavy in working and slow to answer the helm, but she had no sign of tenderness, neither did she on the way down the river or in going alongside the Outer Harbour Wharf. The heaviness mentioned I attributed to her heavy draught going down the Port Adelaide River, which was 27 feet 9 inches on an even keel. I put her as close as I could to the wharf and the tug then left the bow and went amidships on the starboard side and pushed her into the wharf. I left the vessel when she was made fast to the wharf. The next afternoon I returned to take her to sea. She was then drawing 28 feet 3 inches forward and 29 feet 5 inches aft. The same tug was again in attendance and plucked her off the wharf at the stern, the ship heaving off to her cable to get her bow off. She was not then down to her marks. She was quite upright and stiff <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(no longer top heavy)</span>, and proceeded to sea as far as the Semaphore Anchorage without any difficulty or any sign that the ship was tender or that anything was wanting to make her a seaworthy vessel fit for the voyage. I knew the master and officers only when on board the ship, and have not heard from anybody on board since I left her. I always looked upon her as a tender ship, but not to such an extent as to make her unseaworthy. Apart from my remarks to the captain about the ship rolling I never referred to the matter again, either to him or to the officers, and they never made any remarks to me as to that or the vessel's behaviour at sea. The circumstances being peculiar, i.e., the rolling, I mentioned it to some of the other pilots at the time, and they thought as I did.</span><br style="background-color: white;" /><br style="background-color: white;" /><span style="background-color: white;">It is a well-known fact that steamers loading on the Australian coast, especially in the wool season, are compelled, in order to complete their voyage with safety and stability, to keep their water ballast tanks full all the way home. This, especially if a ship is inclined to be tender, renders it all the more necessary for care in loading at the ports previous to arrival at Port Adelaide in order to leave room to put the heavy cargo of this port as low down as possible <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(which was done)</span>. I do not know whether that was done in this case, in fact I know nothing about the loading of the "Waratah."</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe;">A tremendous volume of Waratah material focuses on Waratah's rolling pattern, i.e. hanging at the end of a roll, as proof of her unseaworthiness. It is important to take the following into account and the simple irrefutable fact that dreadnoughts of the era were not unseaworthy:</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">'The big ship (battleship) was wallowing with that ever disconcerting 'hang' at the end of a roll, such as one never experiences in an ocean line (with no heavy guns and only light upper works) needs no great amount of time to make up its mind as to whether or not it is worth while going to the trouble of getting back on an even keel.'</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Captain Ilbery had the following to say about Waratah, final voyage:</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;">"Yes, she is a little that way, but you must remember there are many thousands of tons of dead weight to shift. When this once gets in motion, it takes some power to stop it, and, when stopped, it also takes a considerable force to start in the opposite direction."</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Waratah was significantly top heavy during her first voyages and one of the features of this condition was presented by William MacDonald at the Inquiry:</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify;">"undoubted tenderness of the ship throughout her </span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify;">first voyage</b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify;"> and whilst loading. In such a condition quite observable lists could be produced by </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify;">moderate wind pressures</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: justify;">,"</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #444444;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large; text-align: justify;">During Waratah's final crossing of the Indian Ocean significant, persistent southerly winds did NOT produce a permanent, observable list to leeward. Waratah was no longer top heavy. In the words of Mr. Richardson, electrical engineer, Geelong Harbour Trust:</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-indent: -14px;"></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-indent: -1em;">"There was no permanent list on t</span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-indent: -1em;">he vessel."</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: red; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica; font-size: 12.8px;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: red; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica; font-size: 12.8px;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPRkUr_qH8xnmDtZTn8UfZxe-bqxejUeKRHmfHTyqybLRIkGGhrDrXrmrVX3MdBhTXtK1tgd_qSeeVssNaRnUuaXYySD6qDjcj-ogJslfQVcCRTMKV4RhJQQZnFhN5jp8Z8OBTOpnAfqASUotu0uSVEgUEFOq4VESwNHzPhurjGvHOVAenbiNVA_xc9A/s1400/Port%20Adelaide.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1050" data-original-width="1400" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPRkUr_qH8xnmDtZTn8UfZxe-bqxejUeKRHmfHTyqybLRIkGGhrDrXrmrVX3MdBhTXtK1tgd_qSeeVssNaRnUuaXYySD6qDjcj-ogJslfQVcCRTMKV4RhJQQZnFhN5jp8Z8OBTOpnAfqASUotu0uSVEgUEFOq4VESwNHzPhurjGvHOVAenbiNVA_xc9A/w640-h480/Port%20Adelaide.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Port Adelaide, courtesy History Trust.</td></tr></tbody></table><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: small;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">courtesy Wreck Report for 'Waratah', 1909 - PortCities, Southampton.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span><span style="background-color: white;"><span>© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-50381022201348631612023-01-16T13:26:00.329+02:002023-07-29T09:47:26.864+02:00A RARE PERIOD REPORT - CARGO DETAILS.<div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The West Australian, 10 August, 1909.</span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">THE OVERDUE S.S.</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">WARATAH.</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">London, August 9.</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">CARGO FROM AUSTRALIA.</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">INSURANCE, <span style="color: #333333;">£ </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">200,000.</span></span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Melbourne, August 9.</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The following are complete particulars</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the cargo stowed away in the Wara<span style="text-indent: -1em;">tah </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">when she finally quitted Adelaide on</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">her voyage. </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From Melbourne for Cape Town:</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">500 bags flour, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">100 cases apples, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">169 cases sundries. </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From Melbourne for <span style="text-indent: -1em;">London:-</span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">1,977 bales wool, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">713 bales </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">skins. </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">15 bales leather, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">8 bales basils, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">307 casks, etc., tallow, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">21 cases wine, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">26 <span style="text-indent: -1em;">drums glycerine, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">8,347 bags flour, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">4,773 </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">bags wheat, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">130 bags oats, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">23 bags hides, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">340 ingots etc., <span><b>zinc</b></span>, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">114 old rails, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">144 cases <span style="text-indent: -1em;">sundries, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">29 logs timber, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">3,531 crates </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">rabbits. </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">From Sydney for Capetown and</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">London:-</span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">414 bales wool, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">146 bales cut<span style="text-indent: -1em;">tings, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">9 bales skin pieces, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">125 bales rab</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">bit skins, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">43 packages leather, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">847 casks </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tallow, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">1,600 bags flour </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">1,656 pieces tim</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">ber, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">1,530 cases meats, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">24 cases whisky, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">10 bags horns, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">62 packages furniture, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">7,803 bars <span><b>bullion</b></span>, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">7,359 bags oats, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1,000 <span style="text-indent: -1em;">boxes butter, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">2,404 carcasses mutton, </span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">3,387 crates rabbits, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">58 packages sun<span style="text-indent: -1em;">dries. </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">From Adelaide for London:</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">11,137 bags wheat, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">119 bags barley, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1,964 <span style="text-indent: -1em;">bags flour, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">164 packages wines, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">1,207 </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">bags bark, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">184 casks tallow, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">1,206 cases </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">dried fruit, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">23 cases machinery, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">40 cases </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">eucalyptus oil, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">17 cases sundries, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">20 cases </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">crayfish, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">500 crates rabbits, </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">1,236 cases </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">oranges, </span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">10,710 ingots<span style="color: #e69138;"> </span><span><b>copper</b></span> ore. </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"> </span></div></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;">Given the degree of detail one might assume that this list was largely accurate. Although the word</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"> 'bullion' </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;">can incorporate copper, zinc and lead, in the context of this report zinc and copper were specified as such. Furthermore, </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">'bars'<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> suggest <b>gold</b> (or silver), whereas </span>'ingots' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">imply copper; zinc; lead.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Inquiry:</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;"><b style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0px;">William Duncan. Chief officer SS Hunter, which discharged bullion into the Waratah at Sydney </b><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="text-indent: 0px;">-</span></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Trove extract:</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">"It is believed that the Waratah</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">also had a considerable amount of</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">gold on board."</div></div></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">If Waratah did indeed carry this much gold it is certainly not reflected in the insurance figure of £200,000, for obvious reasons - a separate, more delicate matter. However, the following period reports throw a spanner in the works:</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Advertiser Adelaide, 19 August, 1903.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Blue Anchor line steamers invariably</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">leave Port Adelaide with full cargoes and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">passenger space well filled, and the steamer</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Wakool, which sailed from the Port for</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">London via South African ports on Tuesday</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">morning, was no exception. Her cargo</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">from South Australia for the world's metropolis</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: large; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">consisted of <b>1,987 bars of lead</b>, 15,170</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ingots of copper, ...</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="109" data-page-id="17247186" data-rotation="-1" data-w="712" data-x="4338" data-y="5288" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Daily Commercial News and Shipping list, Sydney, 11 May 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">New South Wales.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="193" data-page-id="17247186" data-rotation="-1" data-w="828" data-x="4338" data-y="5397" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SYDNEY</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">INDIA, P. & O. s.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">For London, via ports.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sailed May 8, 1909.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">....</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="390" data-page-id="17247186" data-rotation="-1" data-w="847" data-x="4334" data-y="5590" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">7800 bars bullion, 1157 ingots tin,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">700 slabs copper. ...</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">7 bxs gold bullion.</span></b></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Transhipment. — London: </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">74 bars bullion, </span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="920" data-page-id="17247186" data-rotation="-1" data-w="879" data-x="4334" data-y="5980" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sailed May 3, 1909.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">OPHIR, O.R.M.S.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">For London, via Queensland.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sailed May 4, 1909.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">David . Refld, agent.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Transhipment. — London : 5700 bars</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">bullion.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">It is clear from these reports that bullion did not necessarily translate into gold or silver and that </span><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">'<b>bars</b> of lead'</span><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"> were referred to in the first report, shipped at Adelaide, which stands to reason given that Broken Hill silver, lead and zinc mines (1889) were the source. In the second report, gold was singled out in </span><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">'7 boxes'</span><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">, </span><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"> separated from a familiar figure of 7,800 bars of bullion which was probably lead.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Note: transshipment of 'bullion', probably lead, was not exclusive to the SS Hunter example.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">My conclusion is that the 7,803 bars of bullion shipped at Sydney, Waratah's final voyage, were lead and not gold bars, as is widely claimed on various You Tube videos. Whether gold was shipped at Durban is another entirely plausible possibility, but which remains in the realm of speculation, for now...</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Mercury, Hobart, 16 August, 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">CARGO AND INSURANCE.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">MELBOURNE, August 15.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Melbourne shippers with the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">largest consignments on board the Waratah,</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">are Messrs. Mullaly and Byrne,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">3,531 crates of rabbits; Messrs. Delany</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and Co., 6,107; Mr. W. C. Thomas,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">2,975 and Messrs. Arkell and Douglas,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">500 bags of flour; Messrs. Henrie Watline,</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">641; Messrs. Wong and Co., 149;</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Messrs. Ostermeyer 69 and Messrs.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Fulerman, Frost, and Co., 189 bales</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of wool. The ownership of the cargo</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">is distributed among 100 different parties</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">approximately, but the whole of it</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">is insured to its full value.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. Thomas Lockwood, secretary of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the United Insurance Company, stated</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">yesterday that the total risk incurred</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">by the Melbourne underwriters would</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not amount to more than £5,000, because</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">they reinsured in England by</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">cable before the steamer sailed.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></div></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Was Waratah heavily loaded during her final voyage?</span></span></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Waratah's owners claimed that she was only </span><span>'one third full, being the off season'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">? </span></span></span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">Let us take a closer look at cargo weight details in attempt to establish the veracity of this claim:</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">The original Inquiry referred to a cargo figure of 6,250 tons + 2,350 coal = 8,600 tons. </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">The Inquiry transcript is misleading as the lead concentrates (1,500 tons) are not included in the total cargo figure. The total dead weight figure was likely in the region of <b>10,100 tons</b>.</span><br /><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-align: start; text-indent: -1em;">Let us compare weights and draft figures assuming 43 tons shipped per inch draft:</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">9,800 tons = 28.25 ft.. Maiden return voyage</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">10,100 tons = 28.83 ft. Final voyage </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">Employing this rationale we get a total dead weight figure of </span><span style="color: blue;">10,897 tons, loaded to disc, 30.375 ft.; equivalent to about 7,000 tons general cargo (minus concentrates). Fully laden!</span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;">Stan's Waratah Explained blog refers to 637 tons bale space remaining which is 113 tons shy of total. Displacement inconsistencies due to poor cargo detail records were acknowledged at the Inquiry which in turn referred to an additional 129 tons of stabilising ballast water; 20 tons bilge water and an additional 21 tons of stores and baggage etc...</span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span style="color: blue;">Conclusion:</span></span><br /><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span><span><span><span style="color: blue;">Waratah was heavily laden, departing Durban, carrying 7,750 tons including the 1,500 tons of lead concentrates; 6,250 tons general cargo. In fact Mr. Hodder, Chief Engineer, remarked that Waratah was deep (heavily laden) at Durban, final voyage: </span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span><span>'</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px;"><span><span>He stated that on account of the ship being deep he could not fill No 8 tank with 250 tons of fresh water.' </span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="52" data-page-id="1308140" data-rotation="-1" data-w="712" data-x="1630" data-y="4595" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18px;"><span style="color: blue;">6,250 tons approximates the owners' figure of 6,128 tons. Waratah was in effect 89% full not one third (33%). </span><span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">The owners' claim of '</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">one third full'</span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"> </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">was disingenuous. Why? Steering attention away from a heavily laden steamer with reduced freeboard and buoyancy factors, rather than a light, if somewhat top heavy one which would likely fair better in a </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">'storm of exceptional violence'<span style="color: blue;">?</span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>The Sydney Morning Herald, 21 September, 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><br /></span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="550" data-page-id="1308140" data-rotation="-1" data-w="718" data-x="1630" data-y="4645" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>The owners of the Waratah, Messrs. W. Lund</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>and Sons, have prepared for the London press </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>a synopsis of the cargo on the steamer at the </span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>time of her departure from Durban, from which</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>it appears the total amount on board is 6,128</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>tons. In addition to this there are about 2,000</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>tons of bunker coal. The ore and lead are</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>stowed right in the bottom of the ship. As a</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>matter of fact she has very little cargo in her</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span>upper 'tween decks. </span></div></div></div></div></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">It is true that cargo had been redistributed such that 68% was stowed lowest down in hold spaces; 22% in lower 'tween decks and 10% in upper 'tween decks. This made for a far more stable Waratah but she had a </span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">'fondness for</span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">putting her nose into waves' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Mr. Ebsworth)</span></span><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">. Not a ship one would prefer to be in during a </span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">'storm of exceptional violence'</span><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">.</span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">In conclusion, final voyage, Waratah's total burthen (dead weight) was in the region of 10,000 tons as was widely quoted.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu1AMeXVEl_4iq8YcBNhJRFLIfy2u_t0hTW8NkuPouTtSZhrrtjOQDovr-vYEq7iQoAJebmRiNXUg91xRIozkdfJKyqlNplswmNcW1XyVEyvWTutAFvJMlqUid9fT_pY9arBfsp0xeb7UHwrglboRW89OSor7frKcWihSsxWjIg0Gi6Bn6dE-KboeUyw/s640/waratah%20at%20adelaide.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="426" data-original-width="640" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu1AMeXVEl_4iq8YcBNhJRFLIfy2u_t0hTW8NkuPouTtSZhrrtjOQDovr-vYEq7iQoAJebmRiNXUg91xRIozkdfJKyqlNplswmNcW1XyVEyvWTutAFvJMlqUid9fT_pY9arBfsp0xeb7UHwrglboRW89OSor7frKcWihSsxWjIg0Gi6Bn6dE-KboeUyw/w640-h426/waratah%20at%20adelaide.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah, Port Adelaide.<br />courtesy Captain Stan Robinson.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;">courtesy Trove, Australia</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-indent: 0px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: red; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-52579534826098580702022-09-09T09:02:00.022+02:002023-07-29T09:48:42.016+02:00A HARLOW VERSION.<p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq4qWNJs4vPLyzKnGLlZr9SV16YVfN8QHj4xVsSF2Mr1_oV30OW1l7sQusyhUKbAZVcNg7PEc2FoJr7keu1yHWQQMbAdCgVsRSV_aeTUxZ_bbl8Rn5ulmbvdTywSTbtK2PgcxMaYKk9YHjGK7eIEp10tLwLRzoQ6gIpaecWXmlzr7lW9zz3DZxAyk0bA/s400/HMS%20HERMES.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="400" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq4qWNJs4vPLyzKnGLlZr9SV16YVfN8QHj4xVsSF2Mr1_oV30OW1l7sQusyhUKbAZVcNg7PEc2FoJr7keu1yHWQQMbAdCgVsRSV_aeTUxZ_bbl8Rn5ulmbvdTywSTbtK2PgcxMaYKk9YHjGK7eIEp10tLwLRzoQ6gIpaecWXmlzr7lW9zz3DZxAyk0bA/w640-h640/HMS%20HERMES.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">H.M.S. Hermes</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /><span><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The Telegraph, Brisbane, 29 October, 1909. </span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">A London message dated 21th Septem</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">ber </span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: medium;">was as follows : —</span></p><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The report of the captain of the British</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer Harlow, 4,212 tons, that on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27th July he saw, when <b>130 miles </b>south</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of Durban, a vessel on fire, which </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">subsequently exploded and sank, has </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">caused <b>grave uneasiness</b> as to the fate </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the missing steamer Waratah, although </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">it is generally believed that the burning ship</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was not the missing Blue Anchor liner.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The particulars from Manila originally</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">cabled were brief and unsatisfying, and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in many respects extremely vague, and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the management of Lloyd's Shipping </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Exchange consequently sent a special </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">request to its agent at Manila for further</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">particulars. The agent's reply confirms</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the first report, and he adds further </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">details which he received from the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">captain of the Harlow, who is still at </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Manila.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Harlow sighted the burning vessel</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">about 7.30 p.m. on 27th July, and the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">explosion which sank her occurred about</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">half an hour afterwards. The distance the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Harlow was away was too great to enable </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">those on board to ascertain the identity </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the burning ship. The position</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the latter was latitude 31 deg. 38 mins. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">south, and longitude 29 deg. 5<span style="color: #0b5394;">(3)</span>5 mins. east. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain suggests that the bottom of the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">sea should be swept in that vicinity in order </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to ascertain <b>what boat sank there</b>.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Various criticisms might be levelled at the Harlow account, but 'vagueness' is not one of them. Although there were inconsistencies, coordinates are unambiguous and sweeping the broader area for a wreck would have been far more practical than scouring the Indian Ocean for months.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">In this, one of the first reports, the distance of 130 miles approximates Cape Hermes, rather than the subsequent much-quoted but erroneous 180 miles - much like the 55 minutes East, when Bruce clearly stated in his affidavit, 35 minutes East:</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif;">"</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">At this time the steamer was in Lat. 31-38s Long. 29-35e. about 2 to 3 miles off the St. Johns River abreast of the St. Johns River,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> "</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clarence and Richmond Examiner,</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Thursday 4 November, 1909.</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">"The following is a copy of a letter,</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">which was addressed to Messrs.</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Gilchrist, Watt and Sanderson,</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sydney agents for the Waratah, by</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. T.C. Miller; formerly of</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Newcastle, N.S.W., and now of</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">Manila and a personal friend of</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">some of the persons on board the</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">missing steamer:</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Dear Sirs, Captain Bruce, of</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">the steamer Harlow, reports the</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;">following:</span></p><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"On July 27th 7.30 p.m. noticed</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a large steamer, with two masthead</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights and the red sidelight..</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the speed she gained on</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">him he would say she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">travelling at the rate of 13 to 14</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">knots an hour.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A tremendous amount of smoke</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was issuing from her and he called</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Chief Engineer's attention to it.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">They came to the conclusion she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on fire, and returning to Durban for</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">While they were watching her, a</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">huge flash occurred throwing a</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">flame about 300 ft. into the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">air. A few second later, </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">another much larger explosion</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">took place, the flash going</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">fully 1000 ft. into the air.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">When it had cleared, all lights</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the steamer had disappeared.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As there were bush-fires along</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the coast, the Chief Officer was</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the opinion that the flames </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were from bush-fires, but they</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">could not understand the </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">disappearance of the steamer's</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The steamer had not signaled</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for help before the explosion,</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">though she was then abreast</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of Cape Hermes signal station.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain cannot understand</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">how they did not see her,</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for her lights were burning</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">brightly, and above her was a</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">dense volume of smoke.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the terrific explosions they</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were of the opinion that everyone</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have been killed instantly.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Harlow arrived in Durban the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following day and remained two</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">days. As there was no report from</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Cape Hermes, and nothing</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">reported missing, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">forgot about the explosions. </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On arrival of the last Australian</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mail at Manila, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">heard of the loss of the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah and on comparing</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">notes and dates, felt sure that the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer was the Waratah.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She left Durban on July 26,</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have discovered the fire on</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27th, and was returning for</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance when she blew up. </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I give the position as near as </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">possible:</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Latitude 31 deg. 38 min. south</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Longitude 29 deg. 5<span style="color: #0b5394;">(3)</span>5 min. east.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Immediately on giving me the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">news I cabled you but so far have</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">received no reply, therefore, I</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">presume, you do not put much</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">faith in it. However, it would</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not be much trouble for the</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">launches from H.M.S. ships</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pandora and Forte to </span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">run the drag.</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If two launches are sent out and sweep with a wire a mile or two long, they will surely locate her."</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8FL7VzPv4PYCikXx52Pn47epeDY6Ke5ACXV7ykqm4uqRV-eb0zfun0MBOG48z9J-Oo1r_qgRSbVNrKsILBW2UMTR7P8gQozB8dizxu9JgPrgPQoTlc5fKrReAsyXUbCCZY8RIuwecbMDqplt55lqfh0uiHuVvgmvbmZteMvC76Np-dWWUFA-hAtqQdA/s640/RECENT%20FLOODS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="640" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8FL7VzPv4PYCikXx52Pn47epeDY6Ke5ACXV7ykqm4uqRV-eb0zfun0MBOG48z9J-Oo1r_qgRSbVNrKsILBW2UMTR7P8gQozB8dizxu9JgPrgPQoTlc5fKrReAsyXUbCCZY8RIuwecbMDqplt55lqfh0uiHuVvgmvbmZteMvC76Np-dWWUFA-hAtqQdA/w640-h362/RECENT%20FLOODS.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-clock-is-ticking.html<br /><br />floods 2022</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><br /><br /><br /><br />courtesy Trove and Google Earth</span></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><br /></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span>© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="S8" style="clear: both; font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-23588202120478992962022-08-30T20:19:00.001+02:002023-06-10T20:32:07.632+02:00ROSEMARY DIXON-SMITH (MOLE)<pre id="poem" itemprop="text" style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.35em; max-width: 580px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></pre><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>Good Night—Which put the Candle out?<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>A jealous Zephyr—not a doubt—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>Ah, friend, You little knew<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>How long at that celestial wick<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>The Angels—labored diligent—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>Extinguished—now—for You!<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>It might have been the Light House Spark—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>Some Sailor—rowing in the Dark—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>Had importuned to see—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>It might have been the waning Lamp<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>That lit the Drummer— from the Camp—<o:p></o:p></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i>To purer Reveille—</i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i><br /></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><i><br /></i></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif; font-size: 15.4px;"><span color="windowtext" style="font-size: 10pt;"><pre id="poem" itemprop="text" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.35em; max-width: 580px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">Emily Dickinson</span></pre></span></div><p><br /></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Rosemary Dixon-Smith, passed away this day, 31 August, one year ago. Author of Mole's Genealogy Blog, Rosemary was held in the highest regard by genealogy colleagues and friends alike. Although Rosemary's </span>'celestial wick'<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> was prematurely </span>'extinguished'<span style="color: #2b00fe;">, I know the </span>'Light House Spark'<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> will prevail, guiding her vast contribution safely to port for the benefit of generations to come. Rosemary had a deep attachment to light houses - the Bluff Light House in particular. Her great grandfather, Thomas Gadsden, was keeper of the Bluff Light late 1860s to early 1880s, actively participating in the development and safety of Port Natal. Rosemary was captivated, as are we all, by the Waratah mystery, contributed significantly to passenger list records. wrote passionately on the subject and contemplated the image Waratah imprinted in memories of loved ones as the great steamer was guided out of Port Natal for the last time.</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Rosemary, we shall never forget you and your exceptional Mole's Genealogy Blog.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>https://molegenealogy.blogspot.com/2019/08/bluff-lighthouse-durban.html</p><p>https://molegenealogy.blogspot.com/2015/08/bluff-lighthouse-1867.html</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3G3GADZX0lY_0UGnQLOmfy9-W0rBuk4YEEGTjVwTg4w1rBIOyDJRiejTPi0axQE_4dc5nZIIps_L_J-Xj4tUtfvqKelwwdhzGdO6XFTZjw9vJQAZmG8TDDl_BZYHXkSfmH6efanx-lmlo-Bmm-YOnwJr-0W28gVDTul5id1XIkI_5-CgQx9qTV-9r8w/s1280/ROSEMARY%20DIXON-SMITH.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3G3GADZX0lY_0UGnQLOmfy9-W0rBuk4YEEGTjVwTg4w1rBIOyDJRiejTPi0axQE_4dc5nZIIps_L_J-Xj4tUtfvqKelwwdhzGdO6XFTZjw9vJQAZmG8TDDl_BZYHXkSfmH6efanx-lmlo-Bmm-YOnwJr-0W28gVDTul5id1XIkI_5-CgQx9qTV-9r8w/w480-h640/ROSEMARY%20DIXON-SMITH.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><pre id="poem" itemprop="text" style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.35em; max-width: 580px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></pre><p><br /></p><pre id="poem" itemprop="text" style="background-color: white; font-family: verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.35em; max-width: 580px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></pre><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-88966619823052011162022-08-27T10:48:00.008+02:002022-09-27T13:56:55.050+02:00STAN.<p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">In memory of Captain Stanley Robinson who passed away this day two years ago. </span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Stan sent me many interesting and illuminating emails from which I have drawn this extract. An open mind would be a good description of the great maritime historian's contribution:</span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p></p><div class="hq gt a10" id=":1g8" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; clear: both; color: #222222; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 15px 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></div><p></p><div class="ii gt" id=":1fk" jslog="20277; u014N:xr6bB; 4:W251bGwsbnVsbCxbXV0." style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 8px 0px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="a3s aiL" id=":1fl" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: 1.5; overflow: hidden;"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir="ltr"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-weight: normal;">"Hi Andrew, I fail to see how the lights </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-weight: normal;">(masthead) </span><span style="color: #222222; font-weight: normal;">could be mistaken for the CH </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-weight: normal;">(Cape Hermes) </span><span style="color: #222222; font-weight: normal;">light, when in operation that year the light was listed as giving one quick flash every 3 seconds and visible for 19 miles, this gazetted in the notice to mariners when the light would commence operation. With regards to the possibility of another ship instead of the Waratah </span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-weight: normal;">(astern Harlow) </span><span style="color: #222222;">it is possible. Some years ago I checked with the Lloyd's Shipping Gazette, Weekly summaries for July, August, and September for arrivals in Durban just in case one was reported overdue, all ships headed for Durban were accounted for. There could always have been a ship by passing Durban from parts unknown but which country and how many would you have to check especially their registers for the mystery ship if indeed there was one..... The Board of Trade did make inquiries of the lighthouse keeper at the time but he had been transferred and it took three weeks for a reply in the negative. Obviously the light log book was checked for that date and</span><span style="color: #800180;"> <b>no entries found</b></span><span style="color: #222222;"> and they chose to ask him personally about that night."</span></span></div></blockquote><p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">An extraordinary depth of resource not matched by any contemporary Waratah commentator. Everything Stan researched and commented on, whether I agreed with or not, reflected hard slog and expertise.</span></p><p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Rest in peace dear man. You are not forgotten and still greatly appreciated.</span></p><p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"><br /></p><p style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBb_3DEmlhA05tlyB4OIOHD8gmstfrK7IqvWAhQAS3TCQIZzw5ZkSlnsI2eE6pCeNLHhYNldjj2NpN7uQ8FhQqTEg2toE9TYqDX6bsQjEyLpypai_ZzbUb2TdjGAcxjINH-sqAjqo-9pKE7jBhkBeARhr7akIZCYplfiwvfbeLBefcQDfzTFocjAQkqg/s1066/stan%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="890" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBb_3DEmlhA05tlyB4OIOHD8gmstfrK7IqvWAhQAS3TCQIZzw5ZkSlnsI2eE6pCeNLHhYNldjj2NpN7uQ8FhQqTEg2toE9TYqDX6bsQjEyLpypai_ZzbUb2TdjGAcxjINH-sqAjqo-9pKE7jBhkBeARhr7akIZCYplfiwvfbeLBefcQDfzTFocjAQkqg/w334-h400/stan%201.jpg" width="334" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: small; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir="ltr"><span style="color: #222222;"> </span></div><div class="yj6qo" style="color: #222222;"></div><div class="adL" style="color: #222222;"></div></blockquote></div><div class="adL" style="color: #222222; font-size: small; font-weight: normal;"></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-25894019650658974592022-08-19T15:17:00.051+02:002023-07-29T09:49:15.299+02:00HISTORY REPEATING ITSELF.<div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="124" data-page-id="25664136" data-rotation="-1" data-w="749" data-x="4099" data-y="5830" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-top: 1em;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The Daily Telegraph, 27 December, 1901.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">FIRE ON THE STEAMER</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">WILCANNIA.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">BUNKER COAL DESTROYED.</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="180" data-page-id="25664136" data-rotation="-1" data-w="749" data-x="4099" data-y="6015" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">MELBOURNE, Thursday. — </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">At a late hour last night a fire broke out on board </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the Lund liner Wilcannia, which was moored at the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">railway pier, Port Melbourne. At first it was thought </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">that the ship's hose could cope with the flames, which</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="157" data-page-id="25664136" data-rotation="-1" data-w="749" data-x="4099" data-y="6195" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">were confined to the lower part of the fore bunker, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">but at 1 o'clock this morning the assistance of</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the fire brigades was invoked.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The firemen succeeded in putting out the burning</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">coal, after which an attempt was made to locate the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">real seat of the fire. With this intention a gang of </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hands commenced to remove the coal from the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">bunker, but they were compelled to knock off owing </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">to the prevalence of <b><span style="color: #800180;">coal gas</span></b>.</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1012" data-page-id="25664136" data-rotation="-1" data-w="749" data-x="4093" data-y="6352" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The second engineer, <b>Mr. Hodder</b>, and Mr. Fadden, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">fifth engineer, sustained slight injuries to</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the face and hands through an explosion of gas.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">During to-day and up till late to-night water has</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">been poured into the bunker until there seems a</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">prospect that all danger is past. As far as can</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">be at present ascertained, the only damage done</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">has been to the coal consumed in the bunker.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The valuable cargo is fortunately untouched.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">As to the cause of the outbreak, the opinion on</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">board is that it was caused through the carelessness </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">of trimmers in passing over a "pocket," and</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">that spontaneous combustion took place. <b>Captain </b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b>Ilbery</b>, who was on the scene all through</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">last night, and who is to-day far from well, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">expects to resume his voyage homewards tomorrow.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">There is an appalling element to this report. Both Captain Ilbery and Mr. Hodder eight years later would have been confronted by heightened anxiety surrounding the necessity to turn back for assistance at Durban ('</span>fire brigades')<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> as the coal bunker fire(s) on Waratah persisted and deteriorated. The fire and subsequent coal gas explosion aboard Wilcannia were limited and contained; but for Waratah and her souls, catastrophic!!</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">The horror does not bear thinking....</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXOspV7kbMiUC6ylQm8BK1NzWPjVx4gGXjpM0NBiVepHG-5UxW2vcv7CRvJjtoGFDhttVnPiVE0GAW9SdvpkKezM4WPsO6fSAR-ZyIc34hXUGsQeClf2DkGrLk0egfNoiEykRJrWVKRj8PAzCFmv_LIAd-ChYi4h48JZo3LWvB6-TLhu7cObTTe2AkGA/s750/wilcannia-1899-ba-r&o%20(1).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="750" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXOspV7kbMiUC6ylQm8BK1NzWPjVx4gGXjpM0NBiVepHG-5UxW2vcv7CRvJjtoGFDhttVnPiVE0GAW9SdvpkKezM4WPsO6fSAR-ZyIc34hXUGsQeClf2DkGrLk0egfNoiEykRJrWVKRj8PAzCFmv_LIAd-ChYi4h48JZo3LWvB6-TLhu7cObTTe2AkGA/w640-h258/wilcannia-1899-ba-r&o%20(1).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">S.S. Wilcannia</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;">"</span></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #404040; text-align: left;">Among the earliest papers perhaps the most interesting are those highlighting the hazards involved in carrying dangerous cargoes. In December 1880 explosive gas given off from a cargo of coal was suspected as the cause of the loss of the SS Estepona of Hull whilst she sailed from Cardiff to Marseilles. The case file for the inquiry includes depositions from the owner concerning the ship, her ballast and insurance, the chief accountant to the colliery which supplied the coal, a foreman trimmer who remembered loading the coal and a Government Inspector of Mines for South Wales who advised on the likelihood of explosive gas forming. In this case there was no definite decision about the cause of the loss, but a year later there were more definite conclusions about the SS Penwith of Hayle, which disappeared having left Penarth bound for the Rio Grande. She carried 422 tons of South Wales steam coal, drawn from collieries in the Rhondda and Ogmore valleys. The coal was notorious for the explosive gas it emitted. In his report to the court, the Inspector of Mines outlined the importance of ventilation, since gas was normally given off some days after the coal was wrought, and he criticised the situation whereby the hatches were the only form of ventilation even though these might well have to be closed in bad weather. In concluding that ventilation on the ship was inadequate, the court attributed blame both to the builder and to the master of the ship as well as to the owner."</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15.84px; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy: https://glamarchives.wordpress.com/2018/10/10/board-of-trade-shipping-enquiries-1875-1935/</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Newcastle Morning Herald, 25 August, 1896.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">" 5. That, with a view to guard</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">against explosion, free and continuous</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">egress to the open air, independently</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the hatchways, should be provided</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for the explosive gases by means of a</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">system of surface ventilation, which</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">would be effective in all circumstances</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of weather."</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">To secure the effective surface ventilation </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">recommended by the Royal Commissioners, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">it is essential that two ventilators should be </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">provided for each hold or compartment, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">and placed at each end as far apart as the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">circumstances of the case will admit.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">5. In vessels with more than one</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">deck, substantial wrought iron pipes</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">should be led from the ventilators on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the upper deck, poop, or forecastle, to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the compartments in which the coal is</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">stowed, thus, where coal is carried in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the hold only, and the 'tween decks</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">are clear of cargo, both ends of these</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">pipes in the 'tween decks should be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">secured to the decks in such a way as</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to make them gas-tight ; and in two</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">decked ships carrying coal in the hold</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">as well as on the 'tween decks, the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lower ends of the pipes leading to the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">holds should be secured to the lower</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">decks in a similar way, but the upper</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ends maybe merely inserted into the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">deck openings, covered by the upper</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">deck ventilators, or by the pipes</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which pass through the poop, fore</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">castle, &c., the openings around the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">pipes being sufficiently large to allow</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the gas from the 'tween decks to</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">escape into the ventilator standing</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">above them.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">VENTILATION OF COAL BUNKERS.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Surveyors are reminded that in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">many modern steam vessels the contents </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the bunkers and other spaces</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in which coal is carried often exceed</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the total cargoes of many coasters and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">other vessels in which the holds are</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">required to be ventilated.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">In order to prevent the accumulation</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of coal gas and the consequent risk of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">explosion, it is highly desirable that</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the coal bunkers of all steamships</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">should be ventilated. In the case of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"present use" bunkers, the covers of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which are usually left off, the surveyors </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">need not insist on the provision</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of ventilators unless there are particular </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">reasons rendering them necessary.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As regards "reserve" bunkers, or</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">other spaces from which the coal is</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not immediately used, accumulations</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of coal gas are almost sure to occur if</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the bunker openings are closed, and</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ventilators should therefore always be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">provided.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It is desirable that there should be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">two cowl ventilators to each reserve </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">bunker, placed as far apart as can be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">conveniently arranged, but if ship</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">owners or builders desire to reduce</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the number of cowl ventilators, the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">surveyors need not object if one cowl</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ventilator is fitted at one end of each </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">bunker, and one or more goose-neck,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mushroom, or other efficient ventilators </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of sufficient size at the other end.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The single cowl ventilator referred</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">to above may if desired be replaced</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">by any other equally sufficient system</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of ventilation that forces air into the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">bunker or exhausts air from it.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Suitable plugs and covers or other</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">efficient appliances should also be</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">provided for closing the apertures of</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ventilators during bad weather.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Should the surveyor experience any</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">difficulty in arranging with ship</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">owners or builders respecting the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">ventilation of reserve coal spaces he</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">should refer the case to the principal.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Inquiry:</span></p><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">At Durban 1,929 tons 6 cwt. of coal were taken in. There was thus on board a total of 2,378 tons 6 cwt.</span></p><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">Stan Robinson:</span></p><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> </span></p><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">"The permanent bunkers of the Waratah were 2,010 tons which he </span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Captain Ilbery) </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">now depended on because he had lost most of his reserve bunkers 1,819 tons to a heavier cargo down below. For example No 3 lower hold </span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(a reserve bunker) </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">on the way out from London held 859 tons which was used up prior to arriving at Adelaide, this lower hold was swept clean by the crew and prepared for the taking in of 1,000 tons </span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(plus an additional 500 tons) </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">of lead concentrates for stability reasons. The lead concentrates in this space were stacked 8 feet high at 12 </span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(11) </span></span><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">cubic feet per ton. There was no need for the Waratah to carry her full compliment of coal 3,829 tons and was now dependent on her permanent bunkers with most of the reserve bunkers taken up by heavy cargo."</span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Permanent:</span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">hold cross bunker 382 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">lower deck (port and starboard) 137.5 tons x 2 = 275 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">main deck (below spar) 583 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">coal trunk 81 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">coal chute 59 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">spar deck 614 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">pocket bunker 10 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">pocket bunker 6 tons</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 20px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: left; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">total 2010 tons</span></span></div></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Waratah's permanent bunkers accounted for 2,010 tons. We are given to believe that the spar deck bunkers held 300 tons, departing Durban, which reduces the total figure to 1,696 tons. We know that Waratah carried 2,378 tons of coal which, by deduction, implies that 682 tons of coal are unaccounted for. </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: medium;">The Inquiry in all its extensive detail, absurdly or intentionally, did not refer to or inquire into the ventilation of coal bunker spaces on Waratah.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">It made sense to place coal in hold spaces to solve Waratah's stability issues but it certainly, in my opinion, created a new 'monster' in the form of the threat of methane and coal dust explosions. </span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Inquiry:</span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">'The "Waratah left London on her second (and last) voyage on the 27th April, 1909. She carried 193 steerage passengers, 22 cabin passengers and a crew of 119. The vessel was again surveyed and reported satisfactory by Captain M. H. Clarke, the emigration officer. It is not known what cargo she carried on the outward voyage. The bunker coal on board when leaving consisted of 3,456 tons, none of which was carried in the spar deck space.'</span></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-ZA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-ZA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Again we have evidence that although the total coal bunker space on Waratah amounted to 3,829 tons, minus 614 tons spar deck = 3,215 tons, during this voyage she carried an excess of 241 tons, which must have gone somewhere and we get a fuller picture from the following extract that cargo and coal stowage spaces in the main hold were 'interchangeable':</span><br /><br /></span></span></span></div><p style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">William H.P. Baker:</span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: medium;">"In addition to coal in 'tween decks the</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: medium;">main hold was also full. When the coal</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;">from the bunkers was used some was</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #444444;">taken out from 'tween decks,</span><span style="color: #444444;"> and then</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: medium;">the main hold was cleaned out in order</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: medium;">to make room for cargo."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">That everyone (including the Board of Trade) in some way connected with the flawed Waratah would actively have pursued the Harlow account of explosions and a wreck lying off Cape Hermes, is precisely as it turned out, highly unlikely given the culpability implications.....</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The South Eastern Times, 25 July, 1930</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The disappearance of the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Waratah had far-reaching effects,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">causing endless litigation in the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">courts over claims for compensation</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and the presumption of the deaths of</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">all on board.<span class="fas fa-pencil-alt" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: "Font Awesome 5 Pro"; font-size: 16px; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 900; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); display: inline; height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; width: 1px;">Fix this text<span style="background-color: #b2dbc7; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">l on board.</span></span></span></div></div></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The fine officers of Waratah were confronted by an impossible situation, progressive bunker fire(s) requiring the closing off of ventilation to the seat(s) of fire in order not to fuel and fan flames but in so doing compounding the accumulation of gases and coal dust in hold spaces of a steamer that had demanded too much to stabilize.</span></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="68" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="544" data-x="940" data-y="533" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; margin-top: 1em;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px;">Darling Downs Gazette, 17 May 1902.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="137" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="620" data-x="940" data-y="616" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">LOSS OF THE SHIP FRANKISTAN.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">DESTROYED BY FIRE AT SEA.</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="57" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="585" data-x="940" data-y="753" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">A FIRE OF 3000 TONS OF COAL.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The story of the loss of the ship </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Frankistan by fire at sea, whilst on a voyage</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="204" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="648" data-x="932" data-y="815" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">from Newcastle to San. Francisco, and the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">rescue of her crew by an American</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">schooner, was brought, to Sydney by the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">R.M.S. Sierra a few days ago.</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="832" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="639" data-x="932" data-y="1019" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The cargo of the Frankistan was coal,</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">exclusively. The voyage was comparatively</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">uneventful until the presence of fire in the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hold spread terror among the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">crew,- and heralded the tragedy that</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">was to follow! The escape of smoke</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">through the main hatch on April 1 </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">indicated the presence of the fire. The</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hatches were battened down, and all the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">forward ventilators were closed. Then</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">began the mad race for port in the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">teeth of a gale, the ship having every sail</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">spread. It was a race in which the fire,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">now gathering strength with every mile</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">made by the doomed vessel, gained the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">victory.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">But for the generation of noxious gases</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">in the hold, which caused four explosions</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">to occur in quick succession, the Frankistan </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">might have gained port in safety.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The presence of the gases was manifested</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">on April 3, when the forward hatch</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">covering was blown into the air. Ten</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">minutes later the fore and after hatches</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">were also blown off by violent explosions,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and they were with difficulty returned to</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1033" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="642" data-x="929" data-y="1851" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">their places. Holes were bored in the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">deck and water poured into the hold,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">without doing any good, however. Finally</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">came one great explosion and through the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">open hatchway the flames shot up as high </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">as the foresail.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Captain:</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The last I saw of her was on the night of April</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">3rd; the day we abandoned her, when the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">whole sky, was lit up by her flames. Over</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">3000 tons of coal was making that fire.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="474" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="637" data-x="929" data-y="2884" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">April 1st — when I noticed the odor of</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">gas coming from the ventilators. That</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">was early in the day, and the same day </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">smoke or steam was first seen coming </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">from the main hatch.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">I had a steel rod driven down into the </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">coal and found great heat under the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">forepart of the hatch, the rod being</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">fairly red. This was from a depth of</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">from nine to 13 feet.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">'I had all the hatches battened down</div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1016" data-page-id="19864643" data-rotation="-1" data-w="643" data-x="923" data-y="3358" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and the forward ventilators secured, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">leaving the after ones for escaping gas.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Then I drove the ship for all she could </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">stand that night in order to get nearer to </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">land.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The following morning, April 2nd, there </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">was more smoke and gas from the ventilators, </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">but the ship was kept going at full speed toward </div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">the coast.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">At 6.30 o'clock of the morning of April</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">3rd an explosion of the gases below us</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">blew off the fore main and after hatches,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and flames darted up. We secured the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">hatches; but in half an hour they blew off</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">again. Then it looked extremely bad.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">'Though the hatches had again been</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">secured and water in great volume</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">pumped down, the hatches were once</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">more blown off by heavier explosions.</div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Although Waratah was coming up astern of Harlow fast, </span>'it was a race in which the fire, now gathering strength with every mile made by the doomed vessel, gained the victory.' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">That Waratah issued no signals of distress and no lifebelts were found or bodies seen wearing lifebelts, suggests that, perhaps mercifully, the explosions were sudden, unexpected, and utterly devastating. The horror was not protracted.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-87246784629387407752022-07-21T08:28:00.024+02:002023-07-29T09:49:47.131+02:00113 YEARS AGO...<p><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; text-align: justify; text-indent: -16px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">27 July, 1909.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Today, 113 years ago, 9.30 a.m. South African time, Waratah officially went out of sight off the Xora River mouth, heading southwestward 12 miles offshore within the outside steamer track.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCGWJ88MTV55dab8-Uyj0dy7sKbgRqAN4UXi-MW32mMHLo3-Sqdi3E15bVzWnliBqIuKgokDL-cLWnn6fj9HhhHNNa1mhhVF0gbbxMwuVwxoAwZAeh1lBsurYiyL2Kj10_-2ZVKoSCbLm0DdbJ2ZY7rFoaVr2a8B1TsxopKqRWpYBmyVPNa7F7HkThsw/s295/WARATAH%20075%20Agnes%20Grant%20(Gosse)%20Hay%20(1).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="227" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCGWJ88MTV55dab8-Uyj0dy7sKbgRqAN4UXi-MW32mMHLo3-Sqdi3E15bVzWnliBqIuKgokDL-cLWnn6fj9HhhHNNa1mhhVF0gbbxMwuVwxoAwZAeh1lBsurYiyL2Kj10_-2ZVKoSCbLm0DdbJ2ZY7rFoaVr2a8B1TsxopKqRWpYBmyVPNa7F7HkThsw/w308-h400/WARATAH%20075%20Agnes%20Grant%20(Gosse)%20Hay%20(1).jpg" width="308" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mrs. Hay.<br />Courtesy descendants. </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Adelaide resident, Mrs. Agnes (Alexander) Grant Gosse Hay, accumulated almost 18 voyages to and from England, many by Lund steamers, including Geelong. She wrote a letter home during the final crossing to Durban. Reading her words, one cannot escape the shadow of horror knowing as we do what was to come and a debt of humility having access to her personal letter. </span></span></p><p><span style="color: blue; font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">(courtesy Trove newspaper publications, circa 1909)</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;">"I am sitting on the deck of this fine steamer trying to write a few lines to you to post at Durban. We have had, on the whole, a fine-weather passage, though through the Bight, or rather, I should say, across the mouth of it, we had, as usual, some stiff blows which came to a climax when rounding the Leeuwin. It is very seldom that portion of Australia does not give its final kick, and it gave us a pretty good specimen of what it can do. The captain said he was sure the mail boat would make much worse weather than we did."</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;">"Nearly all the passengers are old. We have not one married couple on board, at least in the saloon, and only one child. It is a very good thing that I have the new story to occupy me for otherwise I should have nothing to pass the time. Bridge is a great thing afternoon and evening, and that I do not play. One gets very tired of the monotonous expanse of ocean, with not a vessel of any sort to break its desolateness."</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;">"This is my eighteenth passage. I had thought it was the seventeenth, but I find it is the larger number. It seems to me ages since I left Adelaide, but I dare say after Durban it will not seem to be so long. The last two days we have had splendid runs, 330 miles each day. So owing to these great distances, we shall reach Durban on Sunday instead of Monday."</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;">"Nothing can exceed the comfort of this steamer, both as regards her cabin and build, and also the attention of the captain and all the attendants on board. I have only to hint at a want, and it is at once supplied. Only fancy, the first vessel sighted since we left Australia was seen this morning, a sailing ship. There has been nothing but water, water, water."</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;">"The Waratah is certainly a splendid vessel. I don't want to sleep on shore tomorrow night, but they say the coaling may be very unpleasant. I believe we shall leave for Cape Town on Monday night, July 26. There has just been the most glorious sunset, but it does not beat those of Australia."</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">The extract is also a reminder of the unequivocal confidence and trust placed in TSS Waratah; Captain Josiah Edward Ilbery; his officers and crew. Not even </span><span style="color: black; text-indent: -1em;">'stiff blows'</span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"> crossing the Bight and a </span><span style="color: black; text-indent: -1em;">'final kick' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">by</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> a storm off the Leeuwin could shake that trust.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="color: black; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></p><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Mole's Genealogy Blog post, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">'A voice from the Waratah: James Conn'</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">, gives us further pause for reflection; describing a controversial 'near miss' incident and the wilful majesty that was Waratah:</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">https://molegenealogy.blogspot.com/search/label/James%20Conn</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;">James Conn's last letter written on the day Waratah sailed from Durban, courtesy Marilyn Greaves, is bursting with life and news, an expectation of arriving at London, August 21st, 1909:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: -1em;">S.S. "Waratah" Durban South Africa, July 26th 1909</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Dear Annie,</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Just a line to let you know that we arrived safely after a pretty rough voyage from Adelaide, for thirteen days after leaving that place we had heavy seas and weather and a lot of the deck fittings were broken and carried away by the heavy seas that swept over the vessel. The last five days however, have been fine and we got here at midday yesterday (Sunday) and leave the Cape on Saturday next 31st July for London where we will arrive on August 21st, although she is not due until the 23rd. The prisoner we brought here from Sydney to here..... his name is McLoughlin and during the voyage he has always been handcuffed to one of the detectives during the day when walking up and down for exercise and was manacled to his bunk at night, they had to take precautions to prevent him from jumping overboard or doing them damage. They would not allow him knife or fork at table, but cut all his food up for him. We also had the Engineer for Geelong Town council as a passenger to here, he came over on business with reference to some dredges that were to go out from here to Geelong and got lost on the voyage. I did not know who he was till too late or I might have had a word with him about his new works that are being erected at North Geelong.</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;">James always signed his letter ‘your sailor brother Jim’ but that last letter he ever wrote, he signed, '</span><i style="color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, "sans-serif"; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;">your sailor brother Jim, a few personal lines and then, Goodbye and Good Luck!'</i><span face="Verdana, "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"> 'Almost as though he had a premonition!' Suzanne-Jo Leff Patterson.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-size: 13.3333px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: medium; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;">James Conn also reminds us that Waratah, heavily loaded, could ride storm conditions for 13 days, sacrificing deck fittings but </span><b style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;">not</b><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;"> her seaworthiness. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: medium; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: medium; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: medium; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><p style="color: black; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #202124;">“</span><b style="color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif;">Sadly enough, the most painful goodbyes are the ones that are left unsaid and never explained</b><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #202124;">.”</span></span></p><p style="color: black; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span face="Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-weight: 700;">Jonathan Harnisch.</span></p><p style="color: black; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span face="Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-weight: 700;"><br /></span></p><p style="color: black; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><span face="Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-weight: 700;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18px;">Hopefully, in the not too distant future, when Waratah is found there will be some form of 'explanation'.</span></span></p></span></div></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #666666; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc1" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="54" ww="104" x="5250" y="3588"><span style="color: blue; font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc1" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="54" ww="104" x="5250" y="3588"><span style="color: blue; font-size: large; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Let us a take a minute out of our day to remember those lost.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Passenger List:</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Adamson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Allen and infant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Rose Allen</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Ashe</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Niel Black</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr T. Blackburn</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Bowden and infant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Master Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Bowden</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr E.A. Bradley</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Col. P.J. Browne</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr P.J. Calder</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss M. Campbell</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Dr J.T. Carrick</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr A. Clark</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss P. Connolly</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Connolly</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss L. Cooke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Wm. Coote</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Wm. Cumming</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Dawes and child</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Donaldson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Dunn</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss D. Dunn (7 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss B. Dunn (2 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr J. Ebsworth</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Father Fadle</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr M.J. Govendo</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Govett</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Master Harvey</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Harvey</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs J. Harwood</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss H.G. Hay</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs A. Hay</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Henderson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss M. Hesketh-Jones</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr R.E. Hugo</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr J. Hunter</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Ibbett</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Lascelles</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss K. Lees</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr R. Lowenthal</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs A. Lyon and infant (1)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr J. McCausland</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Miller</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss B. Murphy</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr E.A. Murphy</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr C.B. Nicholson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr P. O'Connor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr E.B. Page</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Page</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Petrie</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Master Petrie</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs A.E. Press</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss D. Schaumann</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss L. Schaumann</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Sillery</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Starke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Starke</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr W. Stocken</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Stocken</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Stocken child (5 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Stocken child (2 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr J.G. Stokoe</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Charles Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss M. Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Master C.G Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr J.F.J. Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Taylor</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr G.H. Tickell</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr David Turner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Turner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Turner child (14 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Turner child (12 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Turner child (7 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Turner child (6 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Turner child (3 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss L. Wilson</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Wilson (8 years old)</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mr Wright</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Mrs Wright</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Miss Young</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">Crew List:</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P.R. Alexander - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W.R. Allen - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Allen - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G.W. Ambrose - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. Barr- carpenter's mate</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Baxter - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Bellringer - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Belshaw - able seaman </span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Benson - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Blake - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">R. Bocker - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P. Bonham - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Brown - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">L. Burgess - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Butcher - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W.M. Campbell - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J.C. Clark - assistant steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Clarke - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">N. Clarke - apprentice</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Comper - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Conn - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Costello - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">T. Coulson - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Cumming - greaser and fireman </span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. Dance - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Dennison - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G. Dixon - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Dorander - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Edwards - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A.R. Francis - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. French - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H.C. Fulford - surgeon</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Georgeson - boatswain</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H.A. Gibbs - apprentice</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">S.E. Gorham - pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">R.A. Hamelton - refrigerating engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Hamilton - junior engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Hammond - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H.W. Harding - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Harding - - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">O.E. Haysom - butcher</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H.F. Hemy - second officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G.W. Hodder - chief engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">T. Humphreys - senior third engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F.T. Hunt - junior engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Hunter - second engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J.E. Ilbery - master</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Immelmann - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">T. Ings - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P. Isaacs - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Jacobson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J.H. Jamieson - senior fourth engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Jewers - officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Jones - second baker</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Kelly - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">K. Lindross - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Lydiard - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Martin - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. McCrone - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">M. McIlver - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. McKierian - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. McPhee - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G. Meek - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P.F. Monaghan - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Monk - fifth engineer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A.P. Moore - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J.P. Morgan - third officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P. Murray - sculleryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Nelson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">T. Newman - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Nicholls - forecabin steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Owen - chief officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P. Oxford - barman and storekeeper</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">K. Papinean - pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">S. Pearson - donkeyman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A.E. Phillips - baker and confectioner</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Poland - assistant butcher</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Rackliff - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Reinsch - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">R. Robinson - ordinary seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W.B. Rogers - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E. Rumbold - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Sach - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Sale - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Samuelson - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Sandon - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E.J. Schafer - boatswain's mate and lamp trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">O. Schelier - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. Seiffort - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Shasal - assistant pantryman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J.Shea - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">P. Skailes - purser and chief steward</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H.G. Smith - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Smith - storekeeper and refrigerating greaser</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Smith - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C.W. Southwell - cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E. Stace - boatswain's mate</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">J. Steel - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">B. Steiner - greaser and fireman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E. Sterne - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G. Sudbury - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E. Swan - stewardess</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. Tanner - fireman and trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">H. Taylor - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">S. Templeton - chief cook</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Thomas - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Thornton - trimmer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G. Thruston - fourth officer</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F. Trott - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">C. Turkle - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Waite - able seaman</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">R. Walker - carpenter</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">E.J. Walters - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W. Walters - greaser</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">F.M. Wellington - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">W.G. White - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">S. Whitehorn - stewardess</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">A. Woodcock - general servant</span><br style="color: #666666; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;" /><span face=""trebuchet ms", trebuchet, verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #666666; line-height: 18.48px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">G. Wyborn - general servant</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: -1em;"> </span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-indent: -1em;"> </span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-indent: -1em;"> </span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">https://molegenealogy.blogspot.com/2012/07/was-your-ancestor-on-waratahs-final.html?m=1</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">In memory of Captain Stanley Robinson and Rosemary Dixon-Smith (Mole). </span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: medium; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><p style="color: black; font-size: medium; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></p></span></div></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip--QMgOgfczxJT5lLHw1MdGCTzW_8zPA4sTEDgecr9Kuz7Ya271-XhbHHcVPntAkDBay3fKeiFVdDEjPkEVDx4q5QF-vPXAL5lNng2IuFKDFCqOMQywNhA-14NnzwVsjpj3SAsafktjTRx76XsyxGBfCLpPDr34S8L1sVRBXx26-xB2OD0WsV1olu3Q/s1024/ROSEMARY%20WITH%20SON.jpg"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip--QMgOgfczxJT5lLHw1MdGCTzW_8zPA4sTEDgecr9Kuz7Ya271-XhbHHcVPntAkDBay3fKeiFVdDEjPkEVDx4q5QF-vPXAL5lNng2IuFKDFCqOMQywNhA-14NnzwVsjpj3SAsafktjTRx76XsyxGBfCLpPDr34S8L1sVRBXx26-xB2OD0WsV1olu3Q/w640-h480/ROSEMARY%20WITH%20SON.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Rosemary Dixon-Smith</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-size: 14px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGIPOTtx1pVL3bfAQqanmCiWJXOkIRNus46ubYdt9Xyhw6_fhCHQhwwIKpxX_qzWmPsGXVa00Se3bFLPl5GiImaDh0K8EiAo3mEh7ozqzuT6luNTP0RZ8f1D8uHvpe41SUyspTDU2_7kV5e0EROdFXJEirPtkSWeDlOeCKlPeXD1dAYYBsFhQOTtYmhg/s1075/stan%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1075" data-original-width="738" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGIPOTtx1pVL3bfAQqanmCiWJXOkIRNus46ubYdt9Xyhw6_fhCHQhwwIKpxX_qzWmPsGXVa00Se3bFLPl5GiImaDh0K8EiAo3mEh7ozqzuT6luNTP0RZ8f1D8uHvpe41SUyspTDU2_7kV5e0EROdFXJEirPtkSWeDlOeCKlPeXD1dAYYBsFhQOTtYmhg/w440-h640/stan%202.jpg" width="440" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;">Stanley Robinson</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjV0OxgiQh3JKL7u9PGusepCJ1WdShj2RHEpkB_W-4oXmvfX2rySEiQAnkZ49CX1s8D789SK3eL8kn1MXPEv_1MwYxEV8zOhhK3nvOLNPaIUg8m8mHrKul_ZToWJtGKvF6tU2_7MQMTUfUeItgjZBb3ZX36U9XBJUTqRlcbko4K8PkIsNprVN8q0q7lA/s960/waratah%20in%20cape%20town,%201908.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="960" height="570" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjV0OxgiQh3JKL7u9PGusepCJ1WdShj2RHEpkB_W-4oXmvfX2rySEiQAnkZ49CX1s8D789SK3eL8kn1MXPEv_1MwYxEV8zOhhK3nvOLNPaIUg8m8mHrKul_ZToWJtGKvF6tU2_7MQMTUfUeItgjZBb3ZX36U9XBJUTqRlcbko4K8PkIsNprVN8q0q7lA/w640-h570/waratah%20in%20cape%20town,%201908.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />Waratah, Cape Town, 1908.<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Murderer, McCloughlin, escaped the Waratah disaster but was hanged in 1910.</span></div><div><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><br /><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-indent: -16px;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2017/08/hanged.html</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: small; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-89205185706866913622022-06-30T12:50:00.060+02:002023-07-29T09:57:18.919+02:00LIFEBOATS; NO SURVIVORS AND A SIGNIFICANTLY LARGER SHIP.<p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1JJszimtKCncTe8l4s5seNvyftjP_ihHzMzZCV2vA6lsGKvQSZgfylc8akxbd0MVBKscGGKaiN701tWQyCCl2ff--sepZCkZGwPrn1LP-vvqz6y9Z-IV1M_BTV3rhO-cVPlm_tuoYnK7IxN5ft9tQf4hMw9fwsvRujc2-MwXWJdF0Z4Ec1R1of2olfA/s740/waratah%20at%20adelaide%20-%20best%20photo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="492" data-original-width="740" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1JJszimtKCncTe8l4s5seNvyftjP_ihHzMzZCV2vA6lsGKvQSZgfylc8akxbd0MVBKscGGKaiN701tWQyCCl2ff--sepZCkZGwPrn1LP-vvqz6y9Z-IV1M_BTV3rhO-cVPlm_tuoYnK7IxN5ft9tQf4hMw9fwsvRujc2-MwXWJdF0Z4Ec1R1of2olfA/w640-h426/waratah%20at%20adelaide%20-%20best%20photo.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah at Port Adelaide - courtesy <b>Stan Robinson</b>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Lifeboats....</span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 14px; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 14px; text-indent: -1em;">The Advertiser, Adelaide, 19 April, 1910.</span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Edward. Dischler, barman, of Moore Park,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Sydney, who was an AB on the Waratah</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">on her last voyage out, said he left the </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">vessel at <span style="text-indent: -1em;">Sydney on June 16. </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"> </span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">...'When off Gravesend the Board <span style="text-indent: -1em;">of Trade </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">made an inspection of the boats,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">but examined only two out of the 16.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">None of the boats had provisions in them.</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">On painting the boats on the inside the</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">paint leaked through to the outside. Mr. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">Owen, the chief officer, had told the men</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">when painting the boats to be careful and</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">not to step too hard on the bottom. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">"There </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">was boat drill once a week, but all </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">that was </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">done was to loosen the covers of </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">the keats </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and then put them on again. In </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">case of </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">an accident it would have taken at </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">least fi</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">ve minutes to unloosen the fastenings </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">of </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">the coverings of the boats and </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">they never </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">lifted the boats off the chocks.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">In Sydney it took 13 men with ropes and</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">blocks to lift the No. 6 boat off the chocks,</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">and then they had to get a steam winch</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">to swing the davits out. The davits had</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">become rusted. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">At Adelaide he had at</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tempted to paint two </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">of the aft boats. </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">One of them was so soft and </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">rotten that </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">it would not take the paint. He could</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">have put his hand through the wood and the</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">bottom of the boat This was an outside </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">boat, </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">which had never been swung out. It </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">had never </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">been moved out of its position </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">during the voyage. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">The rafts were in </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">such a position that until the </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">boats were </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">removed they could not be launched</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">at all.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Fire drill was never practised during the</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">voyage and so far as he knew no positions</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">had been allotted to officers or crew in</div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">event of a fire.'</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Captain Maurice Clarke, assistant emigration officer of the Board of Trade (London district), cleared Waratah at Gravesend for her maiden voyage (emigrant ship) and second outward voyage and </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">oversaw the lowering of </span><b style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">two lifeboats</b><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">, confirming Dischler's statement. </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Although only two boats were lowered and manned by crew, Clarke also claimed that all the other boats were examined, which does not accord with Dischler's statement. Which are we to believe?</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Part of that examination entailed checking that davits were</span><span style="color: #444444;"> 'working'</span><span style="color: blue;">. According to Dischler, the davits </span><span style="color: #444444;">'had become rusted'</span><span style="color: blue;">, </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">but this was by the end of the outward voyage and suggests poor maintenance. </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Clarke alleged that it took the average of 2 minutes (for lifeboats this size) to lift and lower into the water, deploying 10 to 12 men and </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">ordinary springing davits, with a guy and gun tackle purchase. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">According to Dischler, at Sydney, it took 5 minutes alone to loosen the coverings of the boats and then 13 men with ropes and blocks to lift boat 6 off the chocks and swing it out with the aid of a steam winch. It appears that after a period at sea the lifeboats were not as easy to deploy as intended and such challenges could prevent successful evacuation of souls in an emergency. </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Clarke did however confirm Dischler's statement that the main lifeboats had to be swung out before the rafts could be mobilised, which was a significant, practical problem.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Clarke claimed there were 14 lifeboats on board Waratah; Dischler said 16 which was in accordance with the Inquiry transcript. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";">'She
carried 16 lifeboats capable of accommodating 787 people, one other boat which
would take 29 people, and three patent rafts which would support 105 people.'</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">What is fascinating about this discrepancy is that once a ship was registered for 10,000 tons +, by law, it was required to carry a minimum of 16 lifeboats. It was not a question of whether there was enough lifeboat space for all souls on board (ref. Titanic disaster). Waratah was originally registered for 9,339 tons (which was not altered in the Inquiry transcript) requiring 14 lifeboats, hence Captain Clarke's 'understanding' of the figure 14 rather than 16. Clearly he did not inspect ALL the boats as claimed and Dischler was the more credible witness in this regard.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";">"On
the 27th October, 1908, a passenger certificate was issued entitling the
"Waratah" to carry 128 first class, and 160 third class passengers,
with a crew of 144, a total of 432 persons." </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Each lifeboat could carry 50 persons; 29 in '</span><span>one other boat</span><span style="color: blue;">' and 105 in 3 patent rafts = 834 in the case of 14 lifeboats and 934 in the case of 16. Referring to the above passenger and crew certificate quoted at the Inquiry, 14 lifeboats were 'more than enough' and need not have been increased to 16 unless the new tonnage demanded such. </span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">When it came to cramming 689 emigrants into 'tween decks dormitories, maiden voyage, 16 lifeboats would have been more advantageous, but that is a separate issue well beyond the quoted figure of 432.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">During the construction process it is clear that Waratah's dimensions were increased significantly and having reviewed calculations, depth of hull, rather than 39 ft. was closer to 41 ft., which would then in turn account for a freeboard figure of 10 ft. rather than 8 ft., which was more acceptable for a ship of this size. With all factors taken into account it is clear to me that Waratah was a far larger ship than originally intended and the Inquiry was not entirely 'candid' about these changes, apart from this 'hint':</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;">"She
was a larger ship than was contemplated by those rules, and her scantlings were
practically the same as those for the three-deck class." </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2016/07/dimensions-altered.html</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Another confirmation of Waratah's increased size came from an unexpected source, Mr. Hodder, Durban, final voyage:</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px;">"Mr. Hodder the Chief Engineer wrote a letter from Durban on July 25th 1909 to Mr. Shanks engineer superintendent for Lund's in London. He stated that on account of the ship being deep he could not fill No 8 tank with 250 tons of fresh water." (ref. Waratah Explained)</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Tank 8 according to the Inquiry held 222 tons based on data from the original plans and not the subsequently 'larger' Waratah. Tank 8 actually held 250 tons, confirmation of the increased dimensions!!!</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">I digress...</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Waratah carried 211 souls, final voyage. Under ideal circumstances, 5 lifeboats would have been required equating with 52 crew (of 119) to achieve this feat simultaneously. During this voyage Waratah carried 35 deck hands and would have required at least 17 engine room hands or a combination of these and stewards to assist. In the words of Commander Lyon, </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #444444;">'Firemen and stewards, I take it, have not much knowledge of getting boats out, they would be in each other's way.' </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Dischler claimed that </span><span style="color: #444444;">'none of the boats had provisions in them' </span><span style="color: blue;">and Clarke informed the Court that according to the Act, provisions need only be kept in a </span><span style="color: #444444;">'handy storeroom' </span><span style="color: blue;">and not in the boats. Does seem a bit strange that over and above all the challenges presented in a crisis at sea, crew would be scrambling to obtain provisions for boats.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;">Whether Waratah's lifeboats were </span><span style="color: #444444;">'soft and rotten'</span><span style="color: blue;"> by the final voyage is a matter for speculation and unlikely after repairs were effected between the two main voyages.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Lifebelt(s) were never discovered which suggests that the crisis unfolded too quickly (rogue wave vs. explosions) for retrieval of lifebelts from lockers; further compounded by the difficulties associated with launching Waratah's lifeboats.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">The fact that no bodies wearing lifebelts were ever reported strongly suggests a sudden disaster. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SXzxciwQQN0/XR8KSf6WNwI/AAAAAAAAHVU/dcO0GdVitLEh1tic-SAADWbLgHkh2S3PACLcBGAs/s1600/davits.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="900" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SXzxciwQQN0/XR8KSf6WNwI/AAAAAAAAHVU/dcO0GdVitLEh1tic-SAADWbLgHkh2S3PACLcBGAs/s640/davits.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lifeboat swung out - courtesy <b>Stan Robinson</b>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">The Register, Adelaide, 18 May, 1910.</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Mr. Maxwell. </div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">At Capetown when going along<span style="text-indent: -1em;">side the </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">wharf a boat on the port side was</span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">taken inboard, and it took 14 men to do</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">it, because the davits were so stiff. The</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">same thing occurred when taking a star</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">board boat inboard alongside the wharf at</div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Port Adelaide. These were the only two</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">boats moved while I was on board.</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div><div style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: blue;"></span><br /></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: "glyphicons halflings"; line-height: 1; position: relative; top: 1px;"><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: justify; width: 1px;"><br /></span></span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: blue;">Here we have an independent witness account of the davits being </span><span>'stiff'</span><span style="color: blue;"> after a period of time at sea, whether it be due to rusting or jamming. Essentially the davits were a problem.</span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="540" data-page-id="12102390" data-rotation="-1" data-w="646" data-x="3549" data-y="5934" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivfMHILDyjWFOTHP65_3HqiiC00VMEzSEk5fQkHjDj8zN4Dz7PlS0RddyMGIgjntblHWIOvxLCPHZ6i2Ai8z8jgZ9Cgwne7TxlnkxqbRKFuJuX8hx_8bmlmg6BdOMSGLzcIfH1mUuxgdwPkWPZE8BQ-n78h6q3jNvjVEkviOUwlpyn7rmZLRjbgn3xQw/s640/waratah's%20decks.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivfMHILDyjWFOTHP65_3HqiiC00VMEzSEk5fQkHjDj8zN4Dz7PlS0RddyMGIgjntblHWIOvxLCPHZ6i2Ai8z8jgZ9Cgwne7TxlnkxqbRKFuJuX8hx_8bmlmg6BdOMSGLzcIfH1mUuxgdwPkWPZE8BQ-n78h6q3jNvjVEkviOUwlpyn7rmZLRjbgn3xQw/w640-h640/waratah's%20decks.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy <b>Stan Robinson </b>for highlighted photo, the two yellow arrows indicating the davit points of rotation.<br /><br />It is not difficult to see and imagine the swivel aspect of the davits 'jamming' due to rust, lack of adequate lubrication or distortion by voyage forces and the flexing of Waratah's superstructure.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div></div></div></div><div style="font-size: 14px;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSlGp5vtXTgBhsJ2cBag-idi_t4zd_56yACWnvTsKPvJSyWdaz_pLq0xYnX2hBtCC5da9fN_XPgrDmX6bwTuU-bbDy4pCpxqmfi5iIy2U6c2faFFrmvsYG3h4ibEgMS2PRQ1H_LguvpScxLPDdER_lhYnVzTlQqfodCuPQwV0AxjZ1NEG4xBWnvGVpLA/s639/waratah%20resting%20on%20mud%20(1).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="490" data-original-width="639" height="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSlGp5vtXTgBhsJ2cBag-idi_t4zd_56yACWnvTsKPvJSyWdaz_pLq0xYnX2hBtCC5da9fN_XPgrDmX6bwTuU-bbDy4pCpxqmfi5iIy2U6c2faFFrmvsYG3h4ibEgMS2PRQ1H_LguvpScxLPDdER_lhYnVzTlQqfodCuPQwV0AxjZ1NEG4xBWnvGVpLA/w640-h490/waratah%20resting%20on%20mud%20(1).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy Stan Robinson.<br />However, if one studies photos such as this and the one above of Waratah, the more readily identifiable total of 'main' lifeboats is 14. </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2014/04/waratah-more-about-bodies-at-sea.html?m=1</div></div><div style="font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: blue; font-size: 14px;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: medium;">Ref: the outstanding "Waratah Explained" blog.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-indent: 0px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-43520316841520265632022-04-21T13:08:00.239+02:002023-07-28T09:31:17.453+02:00SUMMARY.<p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI9Cm3oaxH6qbv9UqfjshPmGMekiMOXjjA8Ip1Ppv4v75VS2rBng7GLbA2EgGvpFy9EwIcxJ3n0xIFbh1r6Yc1H9JPkW3_ohtjdwqaRnh1r50Dyfy-AkXhHkq09-Dj1qJ8ZjbuOJvWgiZfZn0BdSVZpE9EY5YIJl3-uqrdByJB-O20fFjEYMiVUfF0jA/s1116/RECENT%20FLOODS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI9Cm3oaxH6qbv9UqfjshPmGMekiMOXjjA8Ip1Ppv4v75VS2rBng7GLbA2EgGvpFy9EwIcxJ3n0xIFbh1r6Yc1H9JPkW3_ohtjdwqaRnh1r50Dyfy-AkXhHkq09-Dj1qJ8ZjbuOJvWgiZfZn0BdSVZpE9EY5YIJl3-uqrdByJB-O20fFjEYMiVUfF0jA/w640-h362/RECENT%20FLOODS.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Recent floods in the Port St Johns area have resulted in massive silt output from the Umzimvubu River.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Quicksand, silting and the possibility of displacement?</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEieV3hh0UI9hZjKxOlgI8NEVORDnInSTfdk6wzF2BtkkwJ3-l9S7P26KJorFF1LT-Qn7-Dq3L8c7cA_ySMM7FZ676sjxa1o6BkjcUrImit8wxm62zaZHGhmz4jd4Q6_HwCR3UaYrCnIoFZq2GlknouJGjoOC_rQ8xa4-LWVi6U5RmHPjoEWBb5s91AImA=s1116" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEieV3hh0UI9hZjKxOlgI8NEVORDnInSTfdk6wzF2BtkkwJ3-l9S7P26KJorFF1LT-Qn7-Dq3L8c7cA_ySMM7FZ676sjxa1o6BkjcUrImit8wxm62zaZHGhmz4jd4Q6_HwCR3UaYrCnIoFZq2GlknouJGjoOC_rQ8xa4-LWVi6U5RmHPjoEWBb5s91AImA=w640-h362" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: large;">7.30 p.m., 27 July, 1909, SS Harlow was on a Northeast by East course 1 to 2.5 miles off the coast, hauling out from Cape Hermes to avoid the Waterfall Bluff formations further up the coast. Weather was 'generally fine and clear' (Waxing Gibbous moon generating 63% of full moon light). The tramp steamer averaged 9.5 knots (full speed) to arrive at the Durban breakwater by 10 a.m. the following day. Her captain, John Bruce gave coordinates for the last position of Waratah which incorporated a broader 2 miles abreast the St Johns River (Umzimvubu) - 3 miles just beyond the scope of given coordinates. Alfred Harris (Chief Engineer) referred to Waratah being on Harlow's port quarter which is verified on the image, between 4 and 5 miles astern at 7.30 p.m. The 8 p.m. Harlow position is about 4 miles ahead of the broader coordinates position, which correlates. </span><br /></span><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioIaZIm7Bph6DutAIs2WuSymTNyz-OqJ5ckTDdISPjfJvrYrEGXsEp2pCuTKQ6_6AhYg62juIrBlxfK3O3-q7vFtMGakxr96eCOLmfnWVlIjUXCeh3cpRh_kbpcI8mxjOHVaFLeDHvZ3Dv1vE4jnCTcJ-bbRdlkqua6yrZxOedttYGqLd0yHMejuRKjg=s1116" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioIaZIm7Bph6DutAIs2WuSymTNyz-OqJ5ckTDdISPjfJvrYrEGXsEp2pCuTKQ6_6AhYg62juIrBlxfK3O3-q7vFtMGakxr96eCOLmfnWVlIjUXCeh3cpRh_kbpcI8mxjOHVaFLeDHvZ3Dv1vE4jnCTcJ-bbRdlkqua6yrZxOedttYGqLd0yHMejuRKjg=w640-h362" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">'avoiding' Waterfall Bluff, hauling out.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /><br /><br /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLXAxMiwELi9cSYhfS4VWRE9b3WC1Kuqsh85Vnj0OZZMHnciV72vfUv-u3YIvod22NF1pSrS5s7lzYgMmUuhQAZGyld__MrvfSriyp2Evx4ArWXFsbjMf_Li9Uc1Xea685XdCsR2Z_D2uDNLjflM4__EqFlcChhWSI4MXCSNZu0JczK4Xd6w-KMLze0Q/s640/harlow.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="640" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLXAxMiwELi9cSYhfS4VWRE9b3WC1Kuqsh85Vnj0OZZMHnciV72vfUv-u3YIvod22NF1pSrS5s7lzYgMmUuhQAZGyld__MrvfSriyp2Evx4ArWXFsbjMf_Li9Uc1Xea685XdCsR2Z_D2uDNLjflM4__EqFlcChhWSI4MXCSNZu0JczK4Xd6w-KMLze0Q/w640-h408/harlow.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SS Harlow (1903)<br />4,212 tons (later 5,106 tons)<br />370 ft. length<br />375 HP engines, John Dickinson & Sons Ltd, Sunderland<br />owners J & C Harrison Ltd. </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr style="background-color: transparent;"><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></td></tr><tr style="background-color: transparent;"></tr></tbody></table></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-aILMtxdgTkHpgwrUwYDwScWk47KehCWD0wwBGnDiC-35P11rN7XAsSlszeYwS2vdnGNZyo2OC1Z7cZSdoylOYFPyqYW-ZxUtACPV2r4ADDfvTpMbKmTAASjK_Q7VhB7TvAQf02PhI8ogAQDonPyYbZ8mVZHjgKpTdYgxQg_L_BKkbm68NHg0LbZEA/s1116/ANCHORAGE.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf-aILMtxdgTkHpgwrUwYDwScWk47KehCWD0wwBGnDiC-35P11rN7XAsSlszeYwS2vdnGNZyo2OC1Z7cZSdoylOYFPyqYW-ZxUtACPV2r4ADDfvTpMbKmTAASjK_Q7VhB7TvAQf02PhI8ogAQDonPyYbZ8mVZHjgKpTdYgxQg_L_BKkbm68NHg0LbZEA/w640-h362/ANCHORAGE.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Waratah, according to Captain Bruce, lay somewhere in this immediate vicinity.<br /></span><br />Quotes:<br /><br />'The captain <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Harlow) </span>cannot understand how they did not see her <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Cape Hermes keepers / Waratah)</span>, for her lights were burning brightly, and above her was a dense volume of smoke.'<br /><br />'From the terrific explosions they were of the opinion that everyone must have been killed instantly.'<br /><br />'I give the position as near as possible:<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><u style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><br /></u><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; text-align: left;"></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; text-align: left;">'Latitude 31 degrees 38 min South, longitude 29 degrees, 35 min East.' </span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><br style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;" /><div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">'If two launches are sent out and sweep with a wire a mile or two long, they will <b>surely</b> locate her.'</div></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlHiOLrVr9-p3WuIYnoeA92WZhCPtfh-ttgc-beySQnTDjr0HX0gHHCw9dh9x_GAt_XyEVnDXn-kYQi2bHXyBh1rckwJ8f-oCtf2op5o8hjysN8aU_YZWVbMEBwqVSbecAygPDyi01Iu0ERk12ZVJEVu2VUtva0-qHsRzzNYWlhnC5Uhi6AE1q7WorBA/s4160/IMG_20220422_094501.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlHiOLrVr9-p3WuIYnoeA92WZhCPtfh-ttgc-beySQnTDjr0HX0gHHCw9dh9x_GAt_XyEVnDXn-kYQi2bHXyBh1rckwJ8f-oCtf2op5o8hjysN8aU_YZWVbMEBwqVSbecAygPDyi01Iu0ERk12ZVJEVu2VUtva0-qHsRzzNYWlhnC5Uhi6AE1q7WorBA/w640-h480/IMG_20220422_094501.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><span style="font-size: large;">circa 1909 - courtesy Stan Robinson</span><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br />18 fathoms approximates Bruce's 20 fathoms and a seabed consisting of mud and clay with potential to 'swallow' a large wreck - <b>'quicksand'</b> properties? <br /><br />Waratah could have disappeared without trace just off Cape Hermes</span> ....<br /></span><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Quote, Bruce:<br /><br />'She is in about 20 fathoms of water, right off St Johns River, and a diver could easily work there.'</span><br /><br /><div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span face="sans-serif"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face="sans-serif"><span style="color: #444444;">"Birch (1981) reports up to </span><b><span style="color: red;">34 m (111 ft.)</span></b><span style="color: #444444;"> of </span></span><span face="sans-serif" style="color: #444444;">sediment across the shelf off the Mzimvubu river."</span></span></div></div><div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: left;"></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #444444;"></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;">"The amount of <b>fine sand</b> comprises up to 75% of the total sediment in the near-shore region (-20 to -30 m). It decreases rapidly to less than 5% on the middle to outer shelves north of the offset."</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><div style="color: black;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>"the mud distribution pattern is almost a mirror image of that described </span><span>by the sand, except that concentration levels follow an inverse </span><span>gradient." </span></span></div><div style="color: black;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: black;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>"This means that fine sand progrades across a base of mud and very fine sand"</span></span></div></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span><span><span style="color: red;">quicksand or unstable sand</span><span style="color: #444444;"> = right combination of </span></span><span face="sans-serif"><span style="color: #444444; font-weight: bold;">fine sands </span><span style="color: #444444; font-weight: bold;">and other materials such as </span><span><b style="color: #444444;">clay / mud.</b></span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><span face="sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-size: large; text-align: left;"><span><span face="sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #444444; font-weight: 400;"></span></b></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span><span><span style="color: #444444;">Quicksand forms in saturated loose sand when the sand is suddenly agitated. When water in the sand cannot escape, it creates a liquefied soil that loses strength and cannot support weight. </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Agitation would have taken the form of marked swells and current forces during winter months or even an earthquake / tremors during the early part of the 20th century.</span></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><span>'1942 Nov. 1; 06 50 31° 10' 30° 30' <b>5.5</b> magnitude earthquake, Port. Shepstone' </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;">The saturated sediment may appear quite solid until a sudden change in pressure or shock initiates <b>liquefaction</b>. This causes the sand to form a suspension and lose strength. The cushioning of water gives quicksand, and other liquefied sediments, a spongy, fluid-like texture. Objects in liquefied sand sink to the level at which the weight of the object is equal to the weight of the displaced soil/water mix and the submerged object floats due to its buoyancy.</span></div></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #444444;">Lawrence Green, 'Harbours of Memory' - prior to the 1940's:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;">'They tell you the Waratah foundered near Port St. John’s and this is probably true. Air crews have noted a dark mass on the sea-bed which is not marked on the charts.'</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #333333; text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: large; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7ReeceKM-MyKzC2kLfTPhBKfgz2Qlo16NBkoaMsLxpJ4uRsGcgb4kT28eR9eATs8o9ATCoQFN6KIhbK78VNjZLJsflAxl8zYIxRC8cowMyfMKNxNuyPsVrw2BbhzSsnF2z8zamKs4IPhDY3pCzHvHnMxRSIEC6JOKUX7WZUEPk37u1mEpRWvduuW7g/s640/waratah%20amazing.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="409" data-original-width="640" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR7ReeceKM-MyKzC2kLfTPhBKfgz2Qlo16NBkoaMsLxpJ4uRsGcgb4kT28eR9eATs8o9ATCoQFN6KIhbK78VNjZLJsflAxl8zYIxRC8cowMyfMKNxNuyPsVrw2BbhzSsnF2z8zamKs4IPhDY3pCzHvHnMxRSIEC6JOKUX7WZUEPk37u1mEpRWvduuW7g/w640-h410/waratah%20amazing.gif" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: justify;">TSS Waratah - 10,000 tons 'vanished'....</div></span></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><span><div><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b><br /></b></span></div></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">To complicate the challenge of locating her, the wreck could have 'moved':</span> </span></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><p><span>....'a large proportion of the medium sized fraction supplied by the Mzimvubu River is being carried across the shelf and lost down the head of the St Johns Canyon. It is suggested that when the Mzimvubu River is in full flood, the strength of the flow is sufficient to transport medium-size material in suspension across the shelf, where some may escape down the St Johns Canyon. The remainder is entrained by the Agulhas current and carried southward.'</span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;">'Birch (1981) reports up to 34 m of sediment across the shelf off the Mzimvubu river and up to 5 and 10m of material draped over the canyon heads.'</span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">SS Virginia:</span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;">'For a ship that sank 80 years ago, the SS </span><em style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: inherit; color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Virginia</em><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"> has traveled a fair distance: the oil tanker has moved more than 10 kilometers since it was torpedoed by a German U-boat in 1942.'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The shipwreck, located off the coast of Louisiana, is riding lobes of mud moving over the seafloor. These mudflows occur because the Mississippi River is continuously dumping vast quantities of sediments—more than 550 million metric tons each year—into the Gulf of Mexico, and earthquakes and storms occasionally set some of that material moving en masse.'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Overall it has traveled more than 10 kilometers from where it originally sank, the team estimates. That amount of movement is “surprising in the context of how much force is necessary to move a 500-foot-long [more than 150-meter-long] steel-hulled shipwreck embedded in the seafloor—not just once or twice but perhaps dozens of times,”'</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPYPMPTz_LvMhcGoQNXHRn91hpCxUyzTt0CI8GyAFdSfm03v3IiwLCY-_cOJamZ4rxwSuuDmQBq33dbj0grGpyfZBZn76UmJw1QG7v5vRg6g--KeISoh_FzvHKQJ_dvMMKDxdAgd2lvFlLKmDTxbYrKkZzclf7N278IOgN1VeEHoVw6WFWszAWqPXzyw/s1280/wreck%20of%20virginia.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPYPMPTz_LvMhcGoQNXHRn91hpCxUyzTt0CI8GyAFdSfm03v3IiwLCY-_cOJamZ4rxwSuuDmQBq33dbj0grGpyfZBZn76UmJw1QG7v5vRg6g--KeISoh_FzvHKQJ_dvMMKDxdAgd2lvFlLKmDTxbYrKkZzclf7N278IOgN1VeEHoVw6WFWszAWqPXzyw/w640-h360/wreck%20of%20virginia.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SS Virginia</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="color: #323232; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The example of Nailsea Meadow is an intriguing case in point, suggesting a combination of submergence, drift and 'being driven' along the seabed by the forces of the Agulhas Current. She was torpedoed 'abeam' Port St Johns as per log (U-196) records but the wreck lies some 37 miles further down the coast:</span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">"12th May 00.02 hours, shot from tube 1V (T3) was a surface runner, goes past ahead to port. After several internal detonations the freighter settles quite suddenly over the forestem. </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">00.04 hours a short time later heavy detonation, high black smoke cloud. Sinks.</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: blue; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: blue; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: red; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> Sinking at 31 42 degrees south</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> 29 48 degrees east.</span><br style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;" /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #000025; text-align: justify;"> </span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span>Abeam of Port St Johns</span></b><span style="color: #000025;"> ran off on course 070 degrees."</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Even if Captain Eitel Kentrat's coordinates were a 'bit off' there is no reason or evidence to suggest that there was an error of 37 miles. Also visibility was apparently good enough to make out the details of the '</span><span>freighter's</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">' last moments.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Explosion(s) might have resulted in a similar outcome to torpedo damage, with enough water tight compartments intact to ensure that Waratah, like Nailsea Meadow, drifted a significant distance down the coast before settling on the seabed.</span></span></span></span></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxpnYFwtNCpbMZhJx8DRClXItHKqGGQ5Cq_T_2-FNgHyA86wTl3oQ3NS7ZzUsqdLBNnVS2D9pK3-_jcUT0S-w8eezimaSjDZEEnd0vLro9cWsm28c6ZBeJBVwONhIH71C3lwa332oI0V6pkeL1gPU7v0J9U4j5S-IiJgQaM-grg8CZXceQhxsiO7MA2w/s1116/37%20MILES.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxpnYFwtNCpbMZhJx8DRClXItHKqGGQ5Cq_T_2-FNgHyA86wTl3oQ3NS7ZzUsqdLBNnVS2D9pK3-_jcUT0S-w8eezimaSjDZEEnd0vLro9cWsm28c6ZBeJBVwONhIH71C3lwa332oI0V6pkeL1gPU7v0J9U4j5S-IiJgQaM-grg8CZXceQhxsiO7MA2w/w640-h362/37%20MILES.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size: medium;"> </p><p style="font-size: medium;"><br /><br /></p><p style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Proof Waratah exploded.....</span></p></div></span></div><div style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #121212; font-size: medium; font-style: italic;">1880</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">EXPLOSION IN A STEAMSHIP</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">FIREDAMP GENERATED IN THE VESSEL'S HOLD</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">TWO LONGSHOREMEN KILLED AND SEVERAL</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">OTHER PERSONS INJURED.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">THE EXPLOSIVE GAS FROM SOUTH WALES COAL.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202124;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202124;">'Firedamp </span><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202124;">is the name given to a number of flammable gases, especially coal methane. ... The gas accumulates in pockets in the coal and the release can trigger explosions.'</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Bituminous coal such as that mined at Elandslaagte and supplied to Waratah (Durban) was a source of both methane and coal dust.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">"I believe the coal supplied at the BMA (Bluff Mechanical Appliance, which in 1910 was pretty much brand new), was high volatility bituminous coal (aka “Black Coal”) from the Natal coalfields around Klip River (nr Ladysmith), and after about 1908 from Elandslaagte area. According to Wikipedia, “<i>…</i></span><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">this type of coal is known for releasing the largest amounts of </span></i><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp&source=gmail&ust=1508847213266000&usg=AFQjCNG4pBDELL7TcGJNFGVFCQxDX7Czfg" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank" title="Firedamp"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #1f497d; text-decoration-line: none;">firedamp</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">, a dangerous mixture of gases that can cause underground explosions. Extraction of bituminous coal demands the highest safety procedures involving attentive gas monitoring, good ventilation and vigilant site management….</span></span></i><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">”. </span><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">My uncle farmed in the Biggarsberg near Elandslaagte (managing a farm for NCP) for many years, and I clearly recall hearing of mine accidents involving explosions of gases on the mines in the area in the 1970s"</span></span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Courtesy Kevin Oram.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Shipping coal through one main chute forward of Waratah's funnel on the boat deck could have created significant coal dust by the time coal settled in hold spaces lowest down within the ship and the process could also have generated heat (friction) ---> fire.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">Coal bunker fire, maiden voyage, 1908.</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;">The Inquiry did not explore how adequately Waratah's coal bunkers were ventilated and if there had been deficiencies these could have contributed to the build up of gases within hold spaces.</span></span></p><p><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #202124;">'Studies have shown that an initial methane explosion within a cylinder, </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">such as the cylindrical confines of a ship's hull</span><span style="color: #202124;">, could be </span><span style="color: red;">followed by a more severe secondary explosion:'</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">'The shock wave pressure can be higher than the original explosion by about <span style="color: #800180;"><b>ten times</b></span>. Furthermore, the pressure wave causes a <b>dispersion of the layered coal dust and forms a cloud of coal which may explode </b>at the presence of an ignition source.'</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">'Studies show that the explosion of methane/coal dust/air mixtures consists of <b>two distinguishable phases.</b> <b><span style="color: red;">The initial methane explosion is followed by the coal dust explosion.'</span></b></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">'The combustion of methane/coal dust/air mixtures consists of a number of processes and emits different forms of energy.' </span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">'In fact, compared with the first explosion, the secondary explosion has a longer distance from the source of the explosion and can further generate <b>high-temperature flames, shock waves and toxic and harmful gases</b> which are more destructive.'</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Captain Bruce came to the conclusion that Waratah's '</span><span>bunkers fired'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> and the ship exploded killing all on board.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Bruce; his Chief Officer Owen and Chief Engineer, Harris witnessed two separate, distinguishable flashes emanating from the location of the ship astern. The first, rose about 300 ft. into the night sky, followed by a greater flash reaching some 1,000 ft.. </span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Given the studies and extracts quoted above (see links below), one can agree that Waratah's</span><span> 'bunkers firing'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> could have caused an initial explosion followed directly by a more powerful, destructive explosion.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Bruce's observations and conclusion are plausible.</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Inquiry:</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">"Afterwards he came to the conclusion that </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">they had something to do with the Waratah, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">and that it was that vessel blowing up about </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">three and a half to four miles <span style="color: #2b00fe;">(1.7 miles, ref</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">coordinates declaration) </span>off the mouth </span><span>of the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>St. John </span><span>River. Asked what sort of </span><span>explosion </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>it was, </span><span>witness replied:-</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">"I thought it might be the bunkers or the </span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">boilers. They were broad, fantail flashes." </span></b></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">He admitted that, having regard to the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">position in which the Waratah had been </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">spoken by the Clan McIntyre that morning, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">she must have returned on her course towards </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Durban in order to have been where he saw the</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">flashes."</span></div></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l7mbcYAGBhQ/YZ90eEldVWI/AAAAAAAARSk/2NZm_w9IMW8ENFtOb8ttg61JybF7YDz1gCLcBGAsYHQ/s1200/explosion%2Bat%2Bnight.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-l7mbcYAGBhQ/YZ90eEldVWI/AAAAAAAARSk/2NZm_w9IMW8ENFtOb8ttg61JybF7YDz1gCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h426/explosion%2Bat%2Bnight.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";" /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">The Canberra Times, Friday 3 January, 1930</span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc56" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="27" ww="84" x="1800" y="2937"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc56" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="27" ww="84" x="1800" y="2937"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">EXPLOSION AT NIGHT,</span></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc226" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="23" ww="25" x="2483" y="2603"><span style="font-size: medium;">A strange tale of an explosion heard at sea, off Yarmouth, England, on the night of Sunday, July 7, 1929, adds another grim skeleton to Davy Jones' cupboard.</span></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc231" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="67" x="2481" y="2791"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain of the Swedish steamer "Anne Berg" was in the chart room working out his course to pass a lightship, when he was struck motionless. "I heard a tremendous explosion reverberate across the water," he said; "the helmsman shouted to me and I jumped up to the wheelhouse. I was just in time to see a vessel, about four miles away across the port bow, disappear into the sea. She went down at an angle of about sixty degrees, and I saw only the head and foc'sle of the ship. The rest of her had already gone down. We steered at full speed to the spot, reaching it in twenty minutes. </span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc247" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="150" x="2444" y="3395"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc247" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="150" x="2444" y="3395"><span style="font-size: medium;">There was no sign of wreck<span style="line-height: 1.4;">age - not a piece of </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">wood or oil or </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">anything. I reckoned from what </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">helmsman told me, that she was a </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">ship like </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">our own, Swedish, and about </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">3,000 tons. We </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">sent out an SOS and </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">North Foreland wireless </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">station told </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">us a gunboat and a mine sweeper </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">were </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">rushing </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">to the spot. We gave the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">exact </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">position. About midnight, the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">British mine </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">sweeper 'Selkirk' came </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">alongside and hailed </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">us, and we told </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">her by Morse lamp that she </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">was </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">in the </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">correct position. We said we had </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">seen </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">nothing, and asked if we might pro</span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">ceed, </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">and the 'Selkirks' commander </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">wirelessed: </span></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc254" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="28" ww="73" x="2340" y="3657"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc254" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative;" wh="28" ww="73" x="2340" y="3657"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;">'Yes, </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">thank you very </span><span style="line-height: 1.4;">much.' "</span></span></span></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span class="displayFix" id="lc265" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="24" ww="67" x="2472" y="4073"><span style="font-size: medium;">The gunboat and the mine sweeper </span><span style="font-size: large;">searched the sea for hours without re</span><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 1.4;">sult.</span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc266" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="149" x="2436" y="4110"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span><span class="displayFix" id="lc266" style="border: 1px solid white; clear: both; display: block; font-family: georgia, serif; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px; min-height: 1.4em; padding: 0px 10px; position: relative; text-align: justify;" wh="25" ww="149" x="2436" y="4110"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">SS Harlow:</span></span><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;">Alfred Ernest Harris (Chief Engineer):</span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">I immediately after coming out of my cabin at 7.30pm aforesaid, I noticed </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">two white lights</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;"> apparently those of a </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">steamer</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">, on the port quarter, and as far as I could judge about </span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">4 or 5 miles distant</span><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; text-align: justify;">.</span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">When I got to the lower bridge I also saw a red light which in my opinion appeared to belong to the same steamer as the one showing the two white lights. </span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Five or ten minutes later, as far as I can remember, there was a large flare up in the heavens lasting a moment or two. </span></span></div><div style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><span face="arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif" style="color: #222222; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It then died away, and the smoke and lights previously seen had entirely disappeared. </span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I heard no noise of an explosion and no signals of distress rockets were seen. </span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Captain John Bruce:</span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">There was a moderate breeze from the south.</span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Of all the counter arguments to the Harlow theory / case must be the absence of immediately obvious wreckage. Surely an explosion would produce a great deal of wreckage, strewn over the nearby coast?</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Aside from the fact that the currents most likely took wreckage out to sea, there is this fascinating case of the Anne Berg witness account. No wreckage.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Note similar separation distance at night.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The only major difference between the two accounts is the absence of sounds of explosions in the case of the Harlow.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Harlow was about 4 miles ahead of Waratah, which was relatively closer to shore (port quarter). The prevailing moderate breeze blew from the south towards the shore, carrying sounds in that direction away from Harlow 4 miles to the 'northeast'.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Given the distance, prevailing wind and ambient sounds of Harlow machinery, full speed, it is entirely plausible that the sounds of explosions were not heard by the crew.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The Inverse Square Law (the sound at 5 miles would be around 1% of the intensity of the sound at 1/2 mile).'</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If the seat of the explosions was in Waratah's holds, below the water line, the sounds would further have been significantly dampened / muffled.</span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Daily Mercury, 8 November, 1909.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">How far her coal supply might have generated an explosive gas is a question which experts only could decide upon. In connection with the fire, a naval officer, attached to one of the Cape cruisers, who pricked off the chart the position stated by the captain of the Harlow as that in which he saw what he supposed to be a burning ship, was right in Gordon's Bay, at the mouth of St. John's River. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div></div></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: large; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oFt0KGJc0Q8/YBFqvdz5MjI/AAAAAAAAMgk/dJQf9-UivFsnWSKEONUY841Sh2iNMnGjwCLcBGAsYHQ/s602/ship%2Bdistances.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="288" data-original-width="602" height="306" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oFt0KGJc0Q8/YBFqvdz5MjI/AAAAAAAAMgk/dJQf9-UivFsnWSKEONUY841Sh2iNMnGjwCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h306/ship%2Bdistances.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Global Success is clearly identifiable as a ship at a distance of almost 5 miles.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></div><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">If, indeed, Waratah lies in this vicinity it paints a desperately tragic picture of a ship on fire returning to Durban for assistance; a master electing to anchor in the roads off Port St Johns; an assessment to be made of the fire status regarding further action and then, sudden, unexpected explosions rocking the steamer causing it to founder within minutes... </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">....a stone's throw from shore and help.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="sans-serif"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">Edward Dischler:</div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;">"In Sydney it took 13 men with ropes and <span style="text-indent: -1em;">blocks to lift the No. 6 boat off the chocks, </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and then they had to get a steam winch </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">to swing the davits out. </span><b style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #444444;">The davits had </span></b><b style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #444444;">become rusted." </span></b></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><b><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">13 August, 1909, a fortnight after Waratah went missing, Captain Moore of the British steamer Insizwa reported sighting 4 human bodies trending southwestward in the outer steamer track (+/- 10 miles) off the Bashee River mouth. This was what he said to a reporter:</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><b><span style="color: #444444;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>"I have not," he said,' "the</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>slightest doubt that there were</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>bodies of four human beings.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>Two were clad in white, and</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>two in dark cloth. There were</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>birds as far as the eye could</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>see, flying in the same</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>direction. There was no</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>wreckage about. That</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>happened at nine o'clock in</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span>the morning."</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span> </span></div></div></div></span></div></div></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Bodies could only have originated from a position to the northeast of the Bashee River mouth and apart from Waratah, there were NO reports of other vessels foundering or going missing along this stretch of coast during this time frame.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">That these bodies did not stop in the midst of a powerful Agulhas Current waiting to be discovered by vessels sent out the next day to investigate, stands to reason.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Some bodies were intact, some were mutilated by the explosions and mutton carcasses from the refrigerating hold could have caused further confusion (offal etc).</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Furthermore, not one lifebelt or one body wearing a lifebelt was ever discovered, strongly suggesting that the explosions were sudden and unexpected.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Lifebuoys were discovered, which makes sense, given these items would be more readily released from a foundering ship. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Lifebelts were secured in lockers. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">The 'storm of exceptional violence' took place much further down the coast (Algoa Bay) during this time frame and cannot be the cause of the loss of Waratah.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">An overwhelming rogue wave, 12 miles offshore, outer steamer track, after 09h30, 27 July, between the Xora and the Bashee rivers is the only alternative theory that presents the remotest challenge to the sheer volumes of detail that make up the Harlow witness 'incident'.</span></div></div></span></div></span></div></div><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">More than two months after Captain Bruce's account appeared in the press (November, 1909) he was obliged to submit a deposition ahead of the official Inquiry - 15 January, 1910, sworn before C.H. Moreton, Commissioner to Administrator Oaths in the Supreme Court of Judicature. By this time and ultimately his Inquiry statement Bruce had become overtly cautious and separation distances increased dramatically; for obvious reasons. </span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">One has an impression he was 'under advisement'.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheNHtiJcWuLkqCDTCecbDRu5KL-sW_MwI2xf-0Y9soRbfZbp9pwgaFmGD55LSCak2nfMo0Gcjj7A88ucXt-jMwg1z2RhwkdiqEXWTmQrg_AUsAheQWYH15YBKBPVMUcoEXKZqYky6dSMdJj3fLvec-1JDFnbHo_dx0Vp4l-hUQEoCSTGVqrwCaoDRtqA/s1116/2%20MILES%20ASTERN.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></a></div></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The original press report was as follows:</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Clarence and Richmond Examiner,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Thursday 4 November, 1909.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"The following is a copy of a letter,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">which was addressed to Messrs.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Gilchrist, Watt and Sanderson,</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sydney agents for the Waratah, by</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. T.C. Miller; formerly of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Newcastle, N.S.W., and no of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Manila and a personal friend of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">some of the persons on board the</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">missing steamer:</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Dear Sirs, Captain Bruce, of</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the steamer Harlow, reports the</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following:</span></p><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"On July 27th 7.30 p.m. noticed</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a large steamer, with two masthead</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights and the red sidelight...</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the speed she gained on</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">him he would say she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">travelling at the rate of 13 to 14</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">knots an hour.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">It is important to note that large, passenger steamers showed two masthead lights. Average tramp steamers like the Harlow showed only one.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If the ship astern was not Waratah it should have been easy enough to establish its true identity and schedule.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">This was never achieved.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A tremendous amount of smoke</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was issuing from her and he called</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the Chief Engineer's attention to it.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">They came to the conclusion she was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on fire, and returning to Durban for</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">While they were watching her, a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">huge flash occurred throwing a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">flame about 300 ft. into the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">air. A few second later, </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">another much larger explosion</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">took place, the flash going</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">fully 1000 ft. into the air.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">When it had cleared, all lights</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the steamer had disappeared.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As there were bush-fires along</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the coast, the Chief Officer was</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of the opinion that the flames </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were from bush-fires, but they</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">could not understand the </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">disappearance of the steamer's</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">lights.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The steamer had not signaled</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for help before the explosion,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">though she was then abreast</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">of Cape Hermes signal station.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The captain cannot understand</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">how they did not see her,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">for her lights were burning</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">brightly, and above her was a</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">dense volume of smoke.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">From the terrific explosions they</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were of the opinion that everyone</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have been killed instantly.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Harlow arrived in Durban the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">following day and remained two</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">days. As there was no report from</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Cape Hermes, and nothing</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">reported missing, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">forgot about the explosions. </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">On arrival of the last Australian</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mail at Manila, Captain Bruce</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">heard of the loss of the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah and on comparing</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">notes and dates, felt sure that the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">steamer was the Waratah.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">She left Durban on July 26,</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">must have discovered the fire on</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">27th, and was returning for</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">assistance when she blew up. </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I give the position as near as </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">possible:</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Latitude 31 deg. 38 min. south</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Longitude 29 deg. 35 min. east.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Immediately on giving me the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">news I cabled you but so far have</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">received no reply, therefore, I</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">presume, you do not put much</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">faith in it. However, it would</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">not be much trouble for the</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">launches from H.M.S. ships</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pandora and Forte to </span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">run the drag.</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If two launches are sent out and sweep with a wire a mile or two long, they will surely locate her."</span></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">DEPOSITION: CAPTAIN JOHN BRUCE. SS HARLOW (15 January, 1910)</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">At 5.30 p.m. on the 27th July, 1909, being 14 miles S.W. off Cape Hermes I was on the bridge with the chief officer. I saw smoke on the horizon some 14 to 15 miles astern. I took this to be from some fast steamer burning a lot of coal. There was a moderate breeze from the south. The weather was cloudy and a heavy swell from the South. At 7.30 p.m. Harlow was abreast of Cape Hermes. I saw two masthead lights and the red sidelight of the steamer coming up astern. At the time the background was all bush-fires and flares. The steamer showing the lights mentioned was about 9 to 10 miles astern, heading in the same direction as the Harlow, and doing I should judge about 12 to 14 knots. There was nothing to show she was a passenger ship, there being no lights around her decks, and I could not tell whether she was a large ship, her lights being end on. At this time, being dark, I could not see whether she was smoking or not as the smoke from the bush-fires were forming a heavy cloud. At 7.30 p.m. I hauled my vessel out (altered course away from the coast - Northeast by East course, according to Inquiry statement). At 8 p.m. I saw flares 300 to 1,000 feet in quick succession, but whether these were from the steamer or the bush-fires I could not state. At this time the steamer was in Lat. 31-38s Long. 29-35e. about 2 to 3 miles off the St. Johns River abreast of the St. Johns River, but when I looked astern for the steamer's lights I could not see them. The unknown steamer made no signals to the Harlow and the latter did not proceed in her direction. At the time of seeing the flares I asked the chief officer and chief engineer, who on the bridge "what is that?" (flares). The chief officer said "a flare from bush-fires', and the chief engineer said "a fire of some sort". No more was thought about it at the time as any one of the following may have happened. The other steamer may have entered Port St. Johns River which would have obscured the lights, may have been too much ground swell for her to enter the roads, and consequently she would have put her head southward to head the sea until daylight, which would equally have obscured her lights. There may have been an explosion or other occurrences causing the steamer to sink.</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VJi4v6zykDs9Ai8_QT4h1E8eE8OAlPhMdFovlt9cpVVSMudKFtcWpy_cyc0D2tgTWb_vyjXbGHa-v-9P7RNL810-5lf1uV3w8cQ6veSyhNqkR3rCHRRtxBk0OVD3jE_rNRYYtnFl-b9f25fWvhJnoSgMHE7Wno9oWNvg8zcSb_TIANDN9KriGW1sZA/s640/SHOULD%20HAVE%20BEEN%20THIS%20CLOSE.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="640" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VJi4v6zykDs9Ai8_QT4h1E8eE8OAlPhMdFovlt9cpVVSMudKFtcWpy_cyc0D2tgTWb_vyjXbGHa-v-9P7RNL810-5lf1uV3w8cQ6veSyhNqkR3rCHRRtxBk0OVD3jE_rNRYYtnFl-b9f25fWvhJnoSgMHE7Wno9oWNvg8zcSb_TIANDN9KriGW1sZA/w640-h362/SHOULD%20HAVE%20BEEN%20THIS%20CLOSE.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Captain Bruce alleged that the steamer was first sighted about 14.5 miles astern, when Harlow was 14 miles from Cape Hermes, 5.30 p.m.. He estimated that it was travelling about 13 knots (12-14). By calculation, the steamer astern should have been only 2.5 miles astern Harlow when the latter was abreast Cape Hermes at 7.30 p.m. and half an hour later when the flashes were seen, less than a mile astern, in which case there could not have been any doubt....</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">....unless Waratah slowed down significantly as she approached Cape Hermes in anticipation of stopping at either of the safe anchorage sites to deal with the fire on board / put crew and passengers into boats. This would more accurately reflect distance observations made by Alfred Harris, chief engineer, in his affidavit (see below). </span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">I believe this explains why Bruce gave coordinates which were so close to the mouth of the St Johns River (Umzimvubu) and the 1909 anchorage positions, rather than within the coasting steamer course. Perhaps Captain Bruce assumed that keepers at the lighthouse would have seen and verified the flashes, alerting residents in Port St Johns to send out small boats?</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Putting her head southward' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">at anchorage, would have shown her red side light exclusively.</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #222222; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #222222; font-size: medium;">AFFIDAVIT.</span></p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I, Alfred Ernest Harris, of 120 Whitehall Road Gateshead on Tyne, make on oath and says as follows:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #222222;">I am the chief engineer of the steamship Harlow of Sunderland owned by Messrs. J&C Harrison of London, and in June 1909, I sailed in her from Newport to Durban. On July 27th 1909 the vessel I believe, was about 180 miles from Durban, and at 7.30pm on that day I went out of my cabin on to the after deck. The weather on that day at that time was </span><b style="color: #222222;">generally fine and clear, the sea was practically smooth</b><span style="color: #222222;">, the vessel was </span><b style="color: #222222;">proceeding at full speed ahead</b><span style="color: #222222;">, and the coast was kept insight. For some time prior to this I had noticed a number of bushfires on the land, and practically they were all along the coast. I immediately after coming out of my cabin at 7.30pm aforesaid, I noticed two white lights apparently those of a steamer, on the port quarter, and as far as I could judge about 4 or 5 miles distant. I went immediately to the lower bridge and asked the master what the lights were, he replied they were the lights of a steamer. When I got to the lower bridge I also saw a red light which in my opinion appeared to belong to the same steamer as the one showing the two white lights. After a time I noticed large volumes of smoke which appeared to be in the vicinity of the lights, and I concluded that the smoke was coming from the steamer, though I could not see the hull of the vessel. There appeared to be a glow amongst the smoke. Five or ten minutes later, as far as I can remember, there was a large flare up in the heavens lasting a moment or two. It then died away, and the smoke and lights previously seen had entirely disappeared. I heard no noise of an explosion and no signals of distress rockets were seen. In talking over, these to me, unusual phenomena with the master and officers of the Harlow, I accepted the explanation which they as practical mariners deemed satisfactory, vis., the lights which I and the master had at first supposed to be those of a steamer were really from a signal station in the vicinity, (I believe Cape Hermes (</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">a distinct flash once every 3 seconds, not continuous)</span><span style="color: #222222;">) and the flare was ascribable to the bushfires a number of which we had passed during the day. This seemed more probable to me owing to the absence of any signals of distress from the supposed steamer. It was not till after arriving at Manila, some forty odd days later, that we learned through the newspapers of the Waratah being missing; and the incidents of the lights and flares recurred to me. I am now of the opinion that the lights seen might have been those of the Waratah. At the time the flare appeared I remarked to the master if that was a steamer she appeared to be on fire. I do not remember him making any reply. The chief officer during the time was, to the best of my memory, on the upper bridge out of earshot, I should say, from were we were standing.</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1/1/1910 sworn at Barry in the County of Glenmorgan, before F. Jones a Commissioner to administer</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Oaths in the Supreme Court of Judicature.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">And to complicate matters and the assimilation of all facts, the following was presented at the Inquiry. Surely where there was smoke there was fire. But that was precisely the question.... </span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Inquiry:</span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">One suggestion put forward to account for the vessel's loss, a suggestion based upon the statement of the master of the "Harlow," Captain Albert John Bruce, was that her bunker coal had heated, and she had blown up. Summarized briefly, his statement is as follows:</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">At about 5.30 p.m. on the 27th July, he was to the southward and west of Cape Hermes, proceeding on a N.E. by E. course, at a distance from the coast varying from 1 to 2 1/2 miles. He saw smoke about 25 miles astern, which he took to be from a fast steamer coming up behind him. Later, about 7.15, he saw two masthead lights and a red light, right astern, about 10 or 12 miles away. The lights were at times obscured by the smoke, which was blowing forward. About 7.50 p.m. the master of the "Harlow" went to consult his chart. When he returned a short time after, he saw two quick flashes astern, one of which went about 1,000 feet into the air, and the other about 300 feet. The flashes were narrow at the bottom, widened out as they ascended, and were red in colour. He heard no noise. His own eyes were dazzled with the strong light in the chart-room, and he asked the chief officer, who was on the bridge, where the steamer's lights were. The reply was that they were again obscured by the smoke. No steamer overtook the "Harlow," although, judging by the rapidity with which the following ship had hitherto come up, she should have overhauled the "Harlow." Long after, on hearing of the loss of the "Waratah," Captain Bruce arrived at the conclusion that her bunkers had fired, she had turned back to Durban, the nearest port where the fire could be dealt with, and, when between Cape Hermes and the St. John's River, near the Hole in the Wall, she had blown up. </span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">One is also drawn to the conclusion that keeper(s) posted at Cape Hermes Station were not there or otherwise engaged between 7.30 p.m. and 8.00 p.m., 27 July, when the flashes were seen by officers of the S.S. Harlow.</span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The question of a 'lookout' at Cape Hermes was pursued at the Inquiry and discussed in a previous post: </span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2022/02/sequence-of-events-and-debunking.html</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Given all of the above and extraordinary detail one has to wonder why the Inquiry did not pursue Captain Bruce's reasons for not bringing Harlow about and at the very least approach the site of the flashes to gauge the nature of the incident. If one compares with the interrogation of Captain Lord of the Californian and Titanic, it is almost suspicious that the matter was left hanging. </span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> </span><span>'T</span></span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">o institute criminal proceedings under section 6 of the Maritime Convention Act.'</span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif">Padfield, Peter. The Titanic and the Californian . Thistle Publishing. Kindle Edition.</span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;"> </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"> </span></span></div><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKogcU8XHu8T4JlmYNO4hJBeEiTSqmIUNL2kA2Lr5ckQnNawBX5LZepmBb7iufxwGhRz_1AYxX9N3xY-ApMES_VixJhCbsB3HBMKdV2d0h0g8fPFFdTV1n6JhaCxYYOvxgH7AfA47nRLtEI5EDezuOQtPRxvQCf2xlXPAg50Vmjbrqj9VtzK9Cg65zGA/s4160/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKogcU8XHu8T4JlmYNO4hJBeEiTSqmIUNL2kA2Lr5ckQnNawBX5LZepmBb7iufxwGhRz_1AYxX9N3xY-ApMES_VixJhCbsB3HBMKdV2d0h0g8fPFFdTV1n6JhaCxYYOvxgH7AfA47nRLtEI5EDezuOQtPRxvQCf2xlXPAg50Vmjbrqj9VtzK9Cg65zGA/w640-h480/mast%20among%20the%20breakers,%201927.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><br /></span></span></div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: medium;"><span></span></span></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVBBAUYsP-RBt-H-b1OViCCI9-GwbMTDbPNQZLWnQlBNnUssYP2ci9s3IbR9R5aUuDxzaScjWPY-RuPHAD5W9-HoURDj3rJ16oli5hPfoOOTVwiRKnNGpw9pFqlfc3YIj0O1LHGonjtwosU4JSvQxRDkXYFfdWV18xi63mHsLEQkNFEGonbDLVy5vu0A/s1116/MAST%20IN%20THE%20BREAKERS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVBBAUYsP-RBt-H-b1OViCCI9-GwbMTDbPNQZLWnQlBNnUssYP2ci9s3IbR9R5aUuDxzaScjWPY-RuPHAD5W9-HoURDj3rJ16oli5hPfoOOTVwiRKnNGpw9pFqlfc3YIj0O1LHGonjtwosU4JSvQxRDkXYFfdWV18xi63mHsLEQkNFEGonbDLVy5vu0A/w640-h362/MAST%20IN%20THE%20BREAKERS.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Prominence of 'breakers' off Cape Hermes.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Merriweather, serif;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: medium;"><span><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span><p></p><p style="background-color: white;"></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="background-color: white; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNcwt5Q1l3nORD-SD_wUpedEwogWJQn9HhQ9jXyMS2WXhKL6ALXZ8xNpcwKCbPZZ03tumwDWZpe9wCygaskEaPpaLThMwx395qtO2TTJaeBkKY5hyVzjgNhi87nzcyOSOJVbW3zb8asTm-rCPlKOmkY7Kw4CCSMsBtD4B0CfqxhywMHkwl2m6DpnpT2w/s512/ship's%20lights.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="384" data-original-width="512" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNcwt5Q1l3nORD-SD_wUpedEwogWJQn9HhQ9jXyMS2WXhKL6ALXZ8xNpcwKCbPZZ03tumwDWZpe9wCygaskEaPpaLThMwx395qtO2TTJaeBkKY5hyVzjgNhi87nzcyOSOJVbW3zb8asTm-rCPlKOmkY7Kw4CCSMsBtD4B0CfqxhywMHkwl2m6DpnpT2w/w640-h480/ship's%20lights.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Red side-light more readily seen than green beyond 4.5 miles.</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif; font-size: medium;">Boxhall (Titanic) had seen her two masthead lights first. "And then as she got closer she showed her sidelights, her red light."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: Source Serif Variable, serif;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"To start with he could not see her sidelights at all, but later he saw her red sidelight and judged her to be about 5 miles off, certainly within morsing distance."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"I saw the masthead lights first, the two steaming lights—and then as she drew closer I saw her sidelights through the glasses, and eventually I saw her red light. I had seen the green, but I saw the red most of the time. I saw the red light with my naked eye."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Range of Visibility of Lights: The coloured sidelights are only required to be visible for 2 miles, but are usually visible for a greater distance depending materially on atmospheric conditions; the mast lights are 5 miles, but again will usually be seen further—'</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgngOnBzfbpsXQ7MapO8LUZGiNtPRH71SsrC3pp1kiXWRo7lDCS7jigMr5Lsu4xA9AtivsZ336zb1KH675QCNKKXsGHNlPFUMbSzt8pVCp_J5D8NylFd5dZf-UWuxsyVq05cpYVRw13Lz2ZAfiB_a3Tx1yden6yAF3OCFOqj9DoeBaM8rnVyPb6e8lLSA/s1116/DEFLECTION.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgngOnBzfbpsXQ7MapO8LUZGiNtPRH71SsrC3pp1kiXWRo7lDCS7jigMr5Lsu4xA9AtivsZ336zb1KH675QCNKKXsGHNlPFUMbSzt8pVCp_J5D8NylFd5dZf-UWuxsyVq05cpYVRw13Lz2ZAfiB_a3Tx1yden6yAF3OCFOqj9DoeBaM8rnVyPb6e8lLSA/w640-h362/DEFLECTION.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy: </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Padfield, Peter. The Titanic and the Californian . Thistle Publishing. Kindle Edition.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/historical-shipwreck-keeps-moving-revealing-dangerous-underwater-mudflows/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;">Trove; Google Earth; Inquiry into the loss of Waratah and the late, great, Captain Stan Robinson.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: x-large; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: large;">Special reference and courtesy:</span></div></div></span></div></div></span></div></div></div></div><div class="S8" style="background-color: white; clear: both; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.8em; width: 272px;"><span style="line-height: 1.4;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: start;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;"><br /></span><span style="color: black;"></span><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">SEDIMENT DYNAMICS ON THE CONTINENTAL</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">SHELF BETWEEN DURBAN AND PORT ST JOHNS</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">(Southeast African continental margin)</span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;"></span><br style="color: black;" /><span face="sans-serif" style="color: black;">E.R. HAY</span><br style="color: black;" /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b00fe; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="color: black;"><br /></div><div style="color: black;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;">http://fishing-app.gpsnauticalcharts.com/i-boating-fishing-web-app/fishing-marine-charts-navigation.html?title=Port+St+John%27s+to+Durban+boating+app#12/-31.6513/29.5894</span></span></div><div style="color: black;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><p style="color: black;"><br /></p><p style="color: black;">https://www.newcastle.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/382949/Methane-coal-dust-hybrid-fuel-explosion-properties-in-a-large-scale-cylindrical-explosion-chamber.pdf</p><p style="color: black;">https://academic.oup.com/ijlct/article/15/1/89/5640302</p><p>https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10120750_2173</p><p style="color: black;">New York Times, 1880.</p><p style="color: black;">Wikipedia</p><p style="color: black;">Barnett re travel of sound, extract from Paul Lee's Titanic and the Indifferent Stranger.</p><p style="color: black;"><br /><br style="font-size: medium;" /></p></span></span></div></div></div></span></div></span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-16619000231952102502022-03-29T08:13:00.005+02:002023-07-29T10:00:03.418+02:00MISLEADING STRATHSPEY ACCOUNT.<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Eight months before the Inquiry convened reports appeared in the press of Waratah overhauling the tramp steamer SS Strathspey late afternoon, 27 July, 1909. If this had been the case, Waratah would still have been on course to Cape Town and not turned back for Durban. The reports were inaccurate as follows:</span></p><p style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><div style="background-color: white;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Geelong Advertiser, 29 April, 1910.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="60" data-page-id="17552629" data-rotation="-1" data-w="734" data-x="224" data-y="2108" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin-top: 1em;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">THE WARATAH'S FATE.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="182" data-page-id="17552629" data-rotation="-1" data-w="734" data-x="224" data-y="2170" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">S.S. STRATHSPEY IN THE SAME</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">GALE.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">STATEMENT OF AN OFFICER IN</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">GEELONG.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1517" data-page-id="17552629" data-rotation="-1" data-w="734" data-x="224" data-y="2354" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mr. G. M. Miller, second officer of the</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">steamer Kirkdale, now berthed at the</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">railway pier, was last year engaged on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">the liner Strathspey, one of the last</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">vessels to sight the Waratah before her</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">disappearance. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">He states that his </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">ves</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">sel was buffeted </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">about in the same </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">gale </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">during which, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">in his opinion, the </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">Wara</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tah foundered. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">He gave some i</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">nterest</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">ing facts to an </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">"Advertiser" </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">representative</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"> yesterday of </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">the </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">Strathspey's ex</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">periences on the </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">eventful </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">night of July </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">26th, 1909.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; text-indent: -1em;">Waratah was still berthed at Durban 8 p.m. </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">'eventful night of July 26th, 1909'.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-bottom: 0.8em;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Strathspey left Durban at 7 a.m.</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">on the Sunday<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> (25th)</span>, and the Waratah </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>follow<span style="text-indent: -1em;">ed </span></span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">five hours after. The liner overtook </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">passed the tramp steamer </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">late in the</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">afternoon, and that night a fierce west<span style="text-indent: -1em;">erly </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">gale bore down on her. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue;">Waratah departed Durban,<b> Monday,</b> 26 July, 8.15 pm. Strathspey departed Durban Sunday morning, the day before! </span></span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Waratah could not have overhauled the Strathspey on the afternoon of Sunday or even Tuesday, 27 July, unless the Strathspey broke down, which it did not.</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;"> "Late in the afternoon"</span><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"> suggests Sunday. </span><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">A moun</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tainous </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">sea was quickly worked up, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">in it the </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">Strathspey was absolutely help</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">less. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">She </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">rolled heavily and shipped sea </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">after sea, </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and as night wore on the elements </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">were </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">fiercer than ever. Stout </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">deck fittings were </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">torn from their set</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tings, and the officers </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">and crew passed </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">a trying time until day </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">broke, In a </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">few hours she had been driven </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">back on </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">her course 23 miles, and a continuance</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">of heavy weather for some days delayed</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">her arrival at Las Palmas to such an ex</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">tent </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">that 14 per cent, re-insurance was </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">paid on </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium; text-indent: -1em;">the vessel. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">If Mr. Miller had mistaken the Sunday morning for 3 p.m. Monday afternoon, five hours before Waratah departed, it is astonishing that this eyewitness account was not presented at the Inquiry. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">There was good reason this and the following account did not appear in the Inquiry transcript:</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="105" data-page-id="944404" data-rotation="-1" data-w="751" data-x="3959" data-y="5758" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; margin-top: 1em; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Advertiser, Adelaide, 12 March, 1910.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">THE WARATAH.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="zone onPage readMode" data-h="1201" data-page-id="944404" data-rotation="-1" data-w="751" data-x="3957" data-y="5859" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="paragraph onPage" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">During the voyage of the N.D.L. steamer</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Bremen to Australia one of the passengers </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">(Mr. Richard Pomeroy) related to one</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">of the lady travellers on the steamer, his</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">experiences in. the same gale as that in</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">which the Waratah is supposed to have</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">been lost. He was at that time third</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">engineer on the tramp steamer Strathspey,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">which passed the Waratah at about 4</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">o'clock of the afternoon of the day on</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">which she left Durban. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Mr. Pomeroy referred to 'Waratah' passing the Strathspey, 4 p.m. on the SAME day, not the following day, very similar to Mr. Miller's account. The two witnesses were consistent for Sunday 25 July.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Let's, for argument's sake, say that Mr. Pomeroy (and Mr. Miller) got it all wrong except for </span>late afternoon<span style="color: #2b00fe;">, </span><span>4 p.m.</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">. Tuesday, 27 July, this would then imply that the Strathspey, a 9 knot steamer, indeed averaged 9 knots from Durban to this point. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Clan MacIntyre, a similar tramp steamer (9.5 knots) averaged 12 knots from Cape Hermes to East London, during 27 July - same alleged day. Both tramp steamers followed the </span>'offshore course' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">gaining</span> <span style="color: #2b00fe;">an </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">additional 2.5 knots over the ground. </span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Strathspey was unlikely to have averaged 9 knots BEFORE the storm. Like the Clan MacIntyre the figure should have been closer to 12 knots.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">However, the rest of the account plainly suggests another passenger liner seen late afternoon, Sunday 25 July. There was </span><span>'no record of signals exchanged' (ref. Stan Robinson) <span style="color: #2b00fe;">between Strathspey and </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Waratah. The signal exchange between </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Clan MacIntyre and Waratah was logged and therefore proof that Waratah did in fact overhaul the Clan MacIntyre. </span></span></span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">This would have been the same in the case of Strathspey, particularly given this alleged sighting occurred during daylight hours, clear weather (for sun-bathing).</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Mr. Pomeroy stated that the Waratah was </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">then looking beautifully trim, and the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">passengers were on deck basking in the </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">sunshine. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">27 July, Wild Coast, was an overcast, windy, winter's afternoon. Not likely to be </span>'basking in the sunshine on deck'.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRFUD7YUS91Vdaob3f6GW2_hzeK-LYfmMlWnjpkR7U0PVCPEKSZsiqh0iwD_4NXtNryYnUX7oNo-lpKSTQFrfmXk_jydmYfldRwpBmVoIf2KLzpdys6WDAQQWEkAcJcJoV5Mg5iXHhlyqBSf37E1QSRzIDOZSSRSxiqaAK6nGE0YVQqMqRs2oxT7lBag/s1116/STRATHSPEY,%204%20pm.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="632" data-original-width="1116" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRFUD7YUS91Vdaob3f6GW2_hzeK-LYfmMlWnjpkR7U0PVCPEKSZsiqh0iwD_4NXtNryYnUX7oNo-lpKSTQFrfmXk_jydmYfldRwpBmVoIf2KLzpdys6WDAQQWEkAcJcJoV5Mg5iXHhlyqBSf37E1QSRzIDOZSSRSxiqaAK6nGE0YVQqMqRs2oxT7lBag/w640-h362/STRATHSPEY,%204%20pm.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">By 4 p.m. Sunday afternoon, the Strathspey, averaging about 9 + knots (prior to the full force of the Agulhas) would have been passed by an unknown liner roughly between Port Edward and Cape Hermes. Sunday, 25 July, this section of coast was experiencing fair weather and passengers might quite possibly have been 'basking in the sun'.<br /><br />The SS Bannockburn ran into the 'storm of exceptional violence' en-route from Cape Town in the vicinity of Algoa Bay 26 July, where indeed the Clan MacIntyre ran into similarly mountainous seas and gale, early hours 28 July.<br /><br />The Strathspey, which would have increased speed over the ground to about 12 knots from Cape Hermes, as did the Clan MacIntyre, would have arrived at this cold front storm system by late afternoon, 26 July (265 + n miles), which coincides with the above quoted: "<span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">the </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">Strathspey's ex</span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -1em;">periences on the '<b><span style="text-indent: -1em;">eventful </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">night of July </span></b><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><b><span>26th</span></b>, 1909."<br /></span><br />Waratah departed Durban, 8.15 p.m., 'eventful night of July 26th, 1909'.<br /></span><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Towards evening a fearful gale blew up, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">and Mr. Pomeroy lost sight of the liner. </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">The </span><span>'fearful gale'<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> struck the Clan MacIntyre early hours of 28 July. It would have been a similar case for the Strathspey if the time sequence and circumstances had matched. However, the Strathspey had yet to steam for another 24 hours (Sunday to Monday) before running into the storm off Algoa Bay. </span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">As the darkness increased the sea became terribly</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">rough, the waves being, Mr. Pomeroy says,</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">"mountainous." His vessel was turned</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">stern to the wind, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>'Stern to the wind' </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">is absurd.</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">and his opinion of the fate of the Waratah </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">is that she caught the gale beam on, and that </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">the sea immediately smashed right over </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">her and caused her to founder. Had it not, </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">he says, been for the prompt action taken </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">on the Strathspey she would never have lived</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">through the gale. Mr. Pomeroy, according to </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">the lady passenger who supplied</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">this information to this office, left the</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Bremen at Fremantle.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">Mr. Pomeroy and Mr. Miller's accounts did not refer to Waratah and being consistent in inaccuracies were therefore not presented at the Inquiry. Clan MacIntyre; Bannockburn and Strathspey, all humble tramp steamers survived the 'storm of exceptional violence'.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;">I don't believe Waratah overhauled the Strathspey late afternoon, 27 July. By this time the doomed flagship was heading back to Durban and into disaster.</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDaXKyWK_vDpW6H8lsmM-LNpppTyMQfVECpzoglAgx2OguyIdPBPDLpttPjHgjI9hS8U8TNpkAUzn7NyO_jXETUoV__mJRiXMS_E82JJF_8Wq_qDPFUxZJji3umLuYFBDdltX7371uizIR0IoHdADGy-_1Trw2HSMGpriOueAXl0tXZ9h0ekGOnSZH2g/s448/ss%20strathspeyaustral%20peak.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="285" data-original-width="448" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDaXKyWK_vDpW6H8lsmM-LNpppTyMQfVECpzoglAgx2OguyIdPBPDLpttPjHgjI9hS8U8TNpkAUzn7NyO_jXETUoV__mJRiXMS_E82JJF_8Wq_qDPFUxZJji3umLuYFBDdltX7371uizIR0IoHdADGy-_1Trw2HSMGpriOueAXl0tXZ9h0ekGOnSZH2g/w640-h408/ss%20strathspeyaustral%20peak.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">SS Strathspey, 9 knots, <br />courtesy: Waratah Explained, Stan Robinson</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-73333340480571314062022-03-28T16:27:00.011+02:002023-07-29T10:00:28.829+02:00FIVE MINUTES OF 'FAME'.<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The Advertiser, Adelaide, 23 January, 1911. </span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Another witness called was Mr. Diver, a</span></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">mechanical engineer, who saw the Waratah</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">only at Durban. He expressed his </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">opinion </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">that she had structural defect </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">which rendered </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">her unseaworthy, especially </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">the height of the </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">navigation bridge above </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">the load-line, which,</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"> he understood from </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">competent authorities </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">rendered her top </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">heavy. He had a presentiment </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">that she </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">would never be seen again.</span></span></p><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Have you had premonitions of this kind</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">before?" asked Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C.</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Yes," replied the witness; "on three</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">separate occasions in South Africa in </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">connection with deaths in my own family."</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Then may I take it that you are a believer </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in clairvoyance?"</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"I am a believer in Divine inspiration."</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Do you think that on this occasion you</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">were inspired?"</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"I think I was led to notice this peculiarity </span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">in the construction of the bridge as</span></div></div></div><div class="paragraph onPage" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">a source of danger."</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Waratah was inherently top heavy, but this could be compensated for by specific cargo and coal stowage, as previously discussed. The truly sad thing about the whole disaster was that individuals like this were given centre stage and Waratah-hysteria ruled...</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">...well until it came up against Mr. Scott's sarcasm...</span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW_jRIOVcUltN7f53Wc-aomDp0XY4yhLbgkFVE6QpNvWfyL-wwtmBRihpiXCKQ_24zXVT02fCqpRq1WbvvQpnr_0_VsLHcKHTWNvFAQXdCwen_gR9gk93FFt_4-wgcHPvnRie0CfFJPkDE6Nhnh35d1qIZSiPU8n6OiY7Uehh26ee9nxnrrjKZ1FEWLg/s960/waratah%20in%20cape%20town,%201908.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="960" height="570" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW_jRIOVcUltN7f53Wc-aomDp0XY4yhLbgkFVE6QpNvWfyL-wwtmBRihpiXCKQ_24zXVT02fCqpRq1WbvvQpnr_0_VsLHcKHTWNvFAQXdCwen_gR9gk93FFt_4-wgcHPvnRie0CfFJPkDE6Nhnh35d1qIZSiPU8n6OiY7Uehh26ee9nxnrrjKZ1FEWLg/w640-h570/waratah%20in%20cape%20town,%201908.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah at Cape Town, maiden voyage, 1908<br />courtesy: Waratah Explained<br />Stan Robinson</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman";">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="border-radius: 3px; border: 2px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 1px; min-height: 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0.15em; position: relative; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-28792548463213100682022-03-26T11:41:00.025+02:002023-07-29T10:00:50.164+02:00CAPTAIN PIDGEON'S CLAIM.<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #2b00fe;">Courtesy Suzanne-Jo Leff Patterson:</span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Fifty years later, in 1959, Captain Pidgeon wrote,</span><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN">‘The <i>Waratah</i> had taken on a certain amount of frozen mutton to be discharged in Durban and whenever we had a cargo for Durban, it was the custom in Lund’s ships to stow it in the square of No. 1 hold, sometimes right from deck level, to the bottom of the hold. Any cargo for London was stowed in the wings and at both ends. After the Durban cargo left the ship, the remaining slippery cargo of frozen carcasses had to be well shored-up, to prevent them from sliding everywhere. We usually lowered big skids into the empty space and at both ends. These were kept in place by heavy beams, 6 x 6, which were placed across the empty space left by the Durban cargo and were jammed by wedges, which were placed and hammered home by carpenter and crew.<u> </u></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;">If this operation was faithfully performed, the remaining cargo was quite secure and could not move into the empty space in the centre, no matter how great the pitching and rolling of the ship.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN">Captain Ilbery trusted his executive officers implicitly and left daily inspection at sea to the Chief Officer, Surgeon and Purser, who did the rounds together.</span><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN">The Chief Officer of the <i>Waratah </i>had been my Chief in <i>Warrigal </i>and was a very fine seaman.</span><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><span style="color: #222222;">The Chief Officers in Lund’s ships were always entirely responsible for placing the skids in No. 1 hold and seeing that they were securely in position. If they were forgotten, or if they were not made completely fast </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(unlikely by his own words)</span><span style="color: #222222;">, the result in a tender ship like the </span><i style="color: #222222;">Waratah</i><span style="color: #222222;"> would be disastrous. </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(Waratah was no longer tender by last voyage).</span></span><span style="color: #222222;"><u></u><u></u></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><span style="color: #222222;">It seems quite possible that the skids were forgotten on this occasion, or that the work was not adequately supervised </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">(unlikely)</span><span style="color: #222222;">. The weather was not good as the </span><i style="color: #222222;">Waratah </i><span style="color: #222222;">sailed, and on those coasts, there are seas and cross-seas which are a menace to a labouring ship.</span></span><span style="color: #222222;"><u></u><u></u></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><span style="color: #222222;">It would all have happened in a matter of seconds. The </span><i style="color: #222222;">Waratah</i><span style="color: #222222;"> caught in a heavy roll, would pause at the end of it. If a cross-sea dumped a huge wave on her forehatch, smashing it in, thousands of tons of water would rush down into the lower hold and find its level in the side of the ship held in the roll. With the cargo insecurely held back, thousands of carcasses would break loose from the wings and join the mass of water, adding to the enormous weight. Another huge sea breaking aboard would finish the ship and she would roll rig</span><span style="color: #222222;">ht over, never having had a chance to right herself.</span></span><span style="color: #222222;"><u></u><u></u></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;">Leaving Durban with the prospect of heavy weather, as they did, it would be unlikely that there would be much wreckage to come adrift. Any there was, would be swept with the current far out to sea and lost to sight forever.’ <sup>1</sup></span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><sup><br /></sup></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Stan Robinson:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><sup><br /></sup></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;">"It was in Melbourne that the officers of the Waratah told the officers of the Ortona that they would be unloading their full cargo of mutton carcasses in Durban as the agents had informed the owners that they could get a better price than in London due to the glut of lamb and mutton from other countries such as New Zealand and South America. The Waratah would then proceed to Cape Town and take in a load of Maize to make up the tonnage."</span><b style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> </b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><b style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><br /></b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><b style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">From Sydney for Cape-town and</span></div></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">London:-</div></div></div></span></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14px;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14px;">2,404 carcases mutton, +/- 46 tons</span> </span></span></div><div style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></div></b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN"><b style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Even though the carcasses had been discharged the description given by Captain Pidgeon of what could have happened to a tender Waratah in bad weather, is horrifying to say the least. Personally, I neither believe Waratah was tender, final voyage, nor do I believe she succumbed to the storm of 28 July. </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue; text-indent: -1em;">Waratah was lost off Cape Hermes, astern the SS Harlow around 8 p.m., 27 July.</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha9E4TE-j3PQ1REKJyInOmLeUh8qrt-HIWWeddKjh6MDJtySSDf2-rd-wH9aspnxWelJz6Y_4aqTwVU6wbMutoVNnsF6RujYagC7wh2L1NsR2_6sjm8O96G0ic72301A6bFtrFjOawgardfOmxKZ3oZsPR_dNvtxVKuXkypY68iP4EVvzVCz24YJPsGg/s639/waratah%20resting%20on%20mud%20(1).jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="490" data-original-width="639" height="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha9E4TE-j3PQ1REKJyInOmLeUh8qrt-HIWWeddKjh6MDJtySSDf2-rd-wH9aspnxWelJz6Y_4aqTwVU6wbMutoVNnsF6RujYagC7wh2L1NsR2_6sjm8O96G0ic72301A6bFtrFjOawgardfOmxKZ3oZsPR_dNvtxVKuXkypY68iP4EVvzVCz24YJPsGg/w640-h490/waratah%20resting%20on%20mud%20(1).jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">courtesy: Waratah Explained.<br />Waratah resting on mud at Port Adelaide - Captain Ilbery expressed concerns about the strain this imposed on the flagship's frame / hull. Also, the rudder could have sustained damage.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="color: blue;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: small; text-indent: 0px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></div></b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div style="margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br /></div></div></div></span></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 42.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" lang="EN" style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""helvetica neue", helvetica, arial, sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14px;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><div style="color: #222222;"><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-3801333216661283172022-03-25T12:01:00.059+02:002023-07-29T10:05:44.454+02:00'SHE WOULD NEVER RECOVER.'<p><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">In memory of Stan Robinson without whom we would all be in Waratah wilderness.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">George Samuel Richardson, passenger, final voyage: </span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'Once, when the ship pitched heavily, she </span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">took a heavy sea over the port bow, and </span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was an unusually long time in recovering. </span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">He could see nothing to account for the </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">shipping of the sea. At the time the wit</span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">ness, </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">speaking to Mr. Saunders and Mr. </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">Ebsworth, </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">two other passengers, said </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">"One of these days </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">she will dip her nose </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">down too far and not </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;">come up again."</span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"> </span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Edward Dischler, barman:</span></span></p><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The Waratah plunged into</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;">head seas, her nose right down in the</span></span></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">trough, and the seas broke right over her.'</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Nicholas Sharp, AB</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">'The recesses were about 10 ft. in the alley-</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">way, and at the end of the recess the water</span></div></div><div class="line" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: 0px;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;">was sometimes 18 inches deep.' </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;">Inquiry:</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">"The
forward well was 73 feet in length, and had at its forward end a refrigerator
house 28 feet long and 34 feet wide; the after well was 30 feet long. Both
wells had <b>bulwarks 4 feet 2 inches in height</b> above the plated deck, with <b>three
wash ports</b> on each side in the <b>forward well</b>, and two on each side in the after
well. The size of each wash port was 3 feet 6 inches by 18 inches."</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">The purpose of the six wash ports in the forward well of Waratah was to act as flap valves, allowing water coming over the bows to run off. Waratah had steel bulwarks 4 ft. 2 inches high which trapped water in the forward well. Should waves have been breaking over the bows in quick succession and wash port flaps malfunctioning or simply not able to drain significant volumes timeously, this would have contributed to an accumulation of water in the forward well, ultimately reducing lift. This was possibly one of the factors why the steamer </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">'put her nose into oncoming swells' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">as described</span></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">.</span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #2b00fe;">Steaming into a </span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">'storm of exceptional violence' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">under such circumstances could potentially have had a tragic outcome, unrelated to the G.M. factor; but rather compounded by heavy loading (68% cargo component in holds), relatively low freeboard, minimal hull sheer and underpowered engines.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><i style="font-weight: bold;">If </i>Waratah had got as far as the storm off Algoa Bay, 28 July, and not come about for Durban, there is reason to presume she foundered in overwhelming seas and went down quickly in deep water.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Even the somewhat unhinged Mr. Sawyer had this to say:</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><br /></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif";"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">'I had almost </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">forgotten my intention to </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">leave the </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">boat at Durban, but one day, </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">when </span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">some three or four days' sail from </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">Durban</span><span style="text-indent: -1em;">, I was watching from the </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">hurricane deck the ship </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">ploughing through the waves, and</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">I made a calculation that if the sea</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">broke over her, and the forward well</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">got filled with water, there would be</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">about 500,000 tons of water --- I do </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">not know if that is right --- and that </span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="text-indent: -1em;">she would never recover.'</span></div></span></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: medium;"><span><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span>
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<!--[endif]--></span></div></div></div></div><div class="line" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRdgwFLiXVEq2wpp2t-F4qgbvAZUDzxf0fUCvQ-TNp_9gyiTPFbKtBvXwciWOpQlODX3KBO8040wm0zVmdMbPv4GiUvcxKlyMAV5y-lgOy3lsdJiaNXFNn4Do_PqfHn8HUdZGuVhfhOwBGKh1mTgrZZXtCWBUws0jTLeuPYIz6Q8hbYcMPXcxhOxvyYw/s238/wash%20port.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="177" data-original-width="238" height="476" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRdgwFLiXVEq2wpp2t-F4qgbvAZUDzxf0fUCvQ-TNp_9gyiTPFbKtBvXwciWOpQlODX3KBO8040wm0zVmdMbPv4GiUvcxKlyMAV5y-lgOy3lsdJiaNXFNn4Do_PqfHn8HUdZGuVhfhOwBGKh1mTgrZZXtCWBUws0jTLeuPYIz6Q8hbYcMPXcxhOxvyYw/w640-h476/wash%20port.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">wash port - courtesy: Waratah Explained<br />- it is not difficult to imagine this flap jamming.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">https://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/2017/08/hull-sheer-and-funnel.html</span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="text-indent: 0px;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="read" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1em; position: relative; text-indent: -1em; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: x-large; text-indent: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-789080065504006399.post-26365299163220598622022-03-19T11:22:00.042+02:002023-07-29T10:06:39.553+02:00FIRE CONUNDRUM, MAIDEN VOYAGE, 1908.<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;">Inquiry:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"6th December, 1908, 5 a.m. reported by second engineer smoke issuing
from hatch of bunker on lower deck, alongside boiler casing and extending into
engine room as far as the store rooms. All bunker doors shut and coal worked
only from starboard bunker where on fire. Hose put on to same from deck, and
holes cut in two places in engine-room, and hose put into same, pumps kept on,
and at 11.30 a.m. smoke greatly reduced."<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Waratah had twin lower deck coal bunkers with capacity for 137.5 tons each,
one on the port side and the other on the starboard side, lowest down in the ship. These bunkers were
adjacent to the boilers, engine room and stokehold, the greatest source of heat
generation on a steamer. In order to reduce the burning coal component
shoveling it into furnaces served the most practical purpose. Pumping water
onto burning coal was the primary fire-fighting measure provided on steamers circa 1908. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"2 p.m. Found large piece of burning coal back of casing over boilers.
Played water on same."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"7th December, 8 a.m. Hose still kept in readiness in bunker and
played on coal at times, coal being worked out and found heated in wake of
boiler."</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"9 p.m. Hands attending hose in bunker throughout the night."<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"8th December, 4 p.m. Fire still showing signs in the starboard
bunker, hose kept in attendance night and day." <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"10th December, 12 noon. Fire in bunker finished."<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Four days.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">“Mr. Ryan, the former senior fourth engineer of the "Waratah,"
was examined as to the circumstances of the fire. He said that it was over the
after set of boilers and near the engine-room, in <b>the 'tween decks</b>; that no coal was destroyed in putting out the fire,
that the bulkhead over the engine-room was pretty warm, but that the bunker
plates never got distorted.”<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">If one understands Mr. Ryan correctly the source of
the fire did not come from a permanent bunker on the lower deck, but rather a reserve
bunker on the (lower) ‘tween decks (491 tons) suggesting two separate sites of
fire. Mr. Ryan also alluded to insulation deficiencies above the engine room </span><span>'pretty warm'</span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">,
abutting the lower 'tween deck bunker, and sticking out his frail neck even further by commenting
that </span><i>‘bunker plates never got distorted’ </i><span style="color: #2b00fe;">but implying that they could have. This was a serious state of affairs and the distortion of hull plates could
have had catastrophic consequences. The heat from the fire(s) was of serious
concern and not to be taken lightly.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">“Captain Ilbery made no report of the fire to his owners, although he wrote
twice from Adelaide; but in a letter of
the 15th December, 1908, written from Adelaide by the chief engineer to the
superintending engineer is the following paragraph:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;">"On Sunday, December 6th, a small fire started in the <b>after lower bunker</b>. We found smoke at 5
a.m. and we cut a hole in the engine-room and practically put it out at 11 a.m.
The fire was caused by the heat from the several reducing valves and steam
valves in the recess on the starboard side of the engine-room. The roof is
insulated, but at the back of the reducing valves for steering engine and
starboard side of the engine-room is not. As it will only be a small job, it
would be advisable to have it done here."<span style="color: #2b00fe;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">The Chief Engineer, Mr. Hodder, contradicted Mr. Ryan, referring to the
source of the heat and fire being exclusively due to poor insulation and </span>“reducing valves
(for steering engine) and steam valves in the recess of the starboard side of the
engine-room”<span style="color: #2b00fe;"> some 12 ft. lower down than the ‘tween decks. What’s more, in
addition to referring to ‘tween decks, Mr. Ryan inconveniently observed that a
burning piece of coal was discovered on the </span><i>‘back
of casing over the boilers’</i><span style="color: #2b00fe;">, </span><span style="color: #2b00fe;">suggesting that
burning coal could somehow get out of bunkers onto / back of boiler casings.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Certainly, if gravity serves us consistently, coal could not have jumped up to
the lower ‘tween decks from the starboard lower deck bunker. Not only were
there issues surrounding adequate heat insulation on Waratah but there was a
question of how contained the coal bunkers were and in that same breath,
ventilated and monitored. All was not well on this new ship. One has an
impression that Mr. Hodder was not being entirely candid and Captain Ilbery
chose rather to say nothing!<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The fire started after shipping coal at Cape Town, which raises the important question:
could the bituminous coal shipped at that port, down the length of the chute (which in itself could hold 130 tons) from the boat
deck to lower 'tween deck and lower hold bunkers have been the source of latent heat ultimately resulting in fire, rather than
heat from the reducing valves exclusively being the source? <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span lang="EN"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Stan Robinson's Waratah Explained quoted:</span></span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;">"A </span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;">passenger from the steerage class on that voyage wrote from his diary the following. DEC 13th, This is a different Sunday to all other Sundays on board, but me so far as the weather was concerned, it was lovely on deck as there was a nice breeze blowing, and the sea was as calm as a mill pond, but otherwise it was a day of unrest. The first I heard that there was a fire on board. <b>One of the coal bunkers got heated up or what they call (spontaneous combustion) that is, coal being together and no ventilation, it heats up and gets alight.</b> I was told it was a very common occurrence, and not dangerous (</span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #2b00fe; text-align: justify;">naive)</span><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: justify;">. After breakfast I went up to see the fire but could not see anything with the smoke, they kept playing hoses on it all day."</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The steerage class passenger in question must have been told what caused the fire. The reference to spontaneous combustion due to lack of ventilation is particularly disturbing in the context of Waratah's maiden voyage and suggests that Waratah's bunkers were not as well ventilated as they should have been. The potential is clear, a bunker fire on board Waratah was never going to be an isolated occurrence relating to a patch of deficient insulation on the starboard side of the engine room. It was a day of</span><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">'unrest' <span style="color: #2b00fe;">which says it all about responses to fires on ships.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The scene was set for 27 July, 1909.</span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">The Inquiry into the loss of the Huronian fleshed out this crucial issue:</span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;">"The coal was stowed in the bunkers, under the shelter deck, and in Nos. 2 and 3 holds, while the remaining cargo was stowed in Nos. 1 and 6 holds. <b>Where necessary the coal was secured from shifting by means of shifting boards." </b></span><br style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: left;" /><br style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica; text-align: left;" /><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;">Preventing burning pieces ending up on / behind the boiler casing(s)?</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;">"Reports were produced by Mr. Robert McLaren, H.M. Assistant Inspector of Mines, Eastern District of Scotland, and Mr. Andrew Pearson, H.M. Assistant Inspector of Mines, Western District of Scotland, which showed that the coal supplied to the "Huronian" was <b>not liable to spontaneous combustion</b>, and that it did not give off an unusual quantity of gas, but was a safe coal to carry on shipboard."</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;">This was certainly not the case with coal supplied at Durban, final voyage - bituminous, explosive Elandslaagte coal:</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">"I believe the coal supplied at the BMA (Bluff Mechanical Appliance, which in 1910 was pretty much brand new), was high volatility bituminous coal (aka “Black Coal”) from the Natal coalfields around Klip River (nr Ladysmith), and after about 1908 from Elandslaagte area. According to Wikipedia, “<i>…</i></span><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">this type of coal is known for releasing the largest amounts of </span></i><i style="color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif;"><span face=""calibri" , sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp&source=gmail&ust=1508847213266000&usg=AFQjCNG4pBDELL7TcGJNFGVFCQxDX7Czfg" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firedamp" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank" title="Firedamp"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #1f497d; text-decoration-line: none;">firedamp</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">, a dangerous mixture of gases that can cause underground explosions. Extraction of bituminous coal demands the highest safety procedures involving attentive gas monitoring, good ventilation and vigilant site management….</span></span></i><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">”. </span><span face="arial, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d;">My uncle farmed in the Biggarsberg near Elandslaagte (managing a farm for NCP) for many years, and I clearly recall hearing of mine accidents involving explosions of gases on the mines in the area in the 1970s"</span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: medium;">Courtesy Kevin Oram.</span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">"Had the vessel taken fire, there is almost a certainty of her having been seen in this condition, considering the voyage she was on</span><span>."</span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; font-size: medium; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;">The Harlow crew observed a vessel astern on fire and a naval officer further out at sea also noted a vessel on fire - both in the vicinity of Cape Hermes....</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;">The following extract highlights the dangers associated with coal gas / dust explosions:</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica"; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica;">"</span></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #404040; text-align: left;">Among the earliest papers perhaps the most interesting are those highlighting the hazards involved in carrying dangerous cargoes. In December 1880 explosive gas given off from a cargo of coal was suspected as the cause of the loss of the SS Estepona of Hull whilst she sailed from Cardiff to Marseilles. The case file for the inquiry includes depositions from the owner concerning the ship, her ballast and insurance, the chief accountant to the colliery which supplied the coal, a foreman trimmer who remembered loading the coal and a Government Inspector of Mines for South Wales who advised on the likelihood of explosive gas forming. In this case there was no definite decision about the cause of the loss, but a year later there were more definite conclusions about the SS Penwith of Hayle, which disappeared having left Penarth bound for the Rio Grande. She carried 422 tons of South Wales steam coal, drawn from collieries in the Rhondda and Ogmore valleys. The coal was notorious for the explosive gas it emitted. In his report to the court, the Inspector of Mines outlined the importance of ventilation, since gas was normally given off some days after the coal was wrought, and he criticised the situation whereby the hatches were the only form of ventilation even though these might well have to be closed in bad weather. In concluding that ventilation on the ship was inadequate, the court attributed blame both to the builder and to the master of the ship as well as to the owner."</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15.84px; text-align: justify;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;">courtesy: https://glamarchives.wordpress.com/2018/10/10/board-of-trade-shipping-enquiries-1875-1935/</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">Ventilation of Waratah's coal bunkers was never examined at the Inquiry and it is abundantly clear from the above extract that Barclay Curle and Co, the Lunds and even Captain Ilbery would have been to blame if Waratah had indeed exploded off Cape Hermes. With culpability comes damages and payouts. The Harlow incident was never going to be pursued - rather send endless steamers out on a wild goose chase....</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-size: medium;">William Craig Marshall:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">"Several times he heard the</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">firemen say they thought something would</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">go bung, but he believed they were trying</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Source Serif Variable", serif;">to frighten him." </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjIwF4GuFK-Cd9W0_zqmdsbN3lMgNVKgJ0gqkmtDyEU-bl0AL5AdkVRYb27ypnEZXGcfBqVN3lST73ju_DkMigvr9p2e8gHM6lOMAGXi1Is-3QZd2w_UAe2ne583BXZtiHDt0FPGSYyF8BUbwva1IHp5fDnEdHW5WcvBDk8ySK1RzWPRGDGLg5qsc5HIg=s4160" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3120" data-original-width="4160" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjIwF4GuFK-Cd9W0_zqmdsbN3lMgNVKgJ0gqkmtDyEU-bl0AL5AdkVRYb27ypnEZXGcfBqVN3lST73ju_DkMigvr9p2e8gHM6lOMAGXi1Is-3QZd2w_UAe2ne583BXZtiHDt0FPGSYyF8BUbwva1IHp5fDnEdHW5WcvBDk8ySK1RzWPRGDGLg5qsc5HIg=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Waratah plans, midships. <br />Note height of boilers coincides with base of lower 'tween decks. Also, note that coal shipped via the one hatch and chute forward of the funnel on the boat deck had a considerable distance to fall, and in such a process generating heat and coal dust / gas.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p class="MsoNormal">courtesy:</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">http://www.lrfoundation.org.uk/public_education/HEC-Blogs/First-and-Famous-Waratah.aspx</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; text-align: left;">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: x-large; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica Neue Light", HelveticaNeue-Light, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: x-large; text-align: left;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">© 2013-2023, http://waratahrevisited.blogspot.com/</div>ANDREW VAN RENSBURGhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03632303307052209160noreply@blogger.com0